Study of Expression Regulation of the Key Gene Amorpha-4, 11-Diene Synthase (ADS) of Artemisinin Biosynthesis Pathway in Different Iranain Artemisia annua Genotypes

Malaria disease is caused by unicell of Plasmodium falsiparum. The unicell attacks to red blood cells and destroyed them. Nowadays, malaria has been reported in more than 100 countries. The artemisinin is a sesquiterpene that is produced by two isoprenoid and mevalonate pathways in Artemisia annua. Artemisinin as a new and effective drug is been used for various applications. Artemisia annua is an annual plant and native to Asia and most probably China. In this study, six different Artemisia annua genotypes were collected from Golestan province. Amorpha-4, 11-diene synthase (ADS) promoter was analyzed by using different cis-elements database of PLATcare, TRANSFAC and PLACE. The result showed that there are different cis-elements responding to plant hormones and abiotic stress in ADS promoter. We also identified two new putative transcription factors in EST library of Artemisia annua then studied the expression of ADS gene and three transcription factors by using real time PCR technique. The results showed that WRKY transcription factor has more important role than other transcription factors.