An Investigation and Criticism of Duns Scotu's Perspective regarding the Creation of the Universe and Human Being (with an emphasis on Ibn-Sina's views)

I will try to explain and investigate the theories of Johannes Duns Scotus (1266-1308 A.D.), a Scottish classic philosopher and theologian, regarding the process of creation of the universe and human and its philosophy in this article. I will also criticize these theories emphasizing on the theories of Ibn-Sina. One of the important Divine attributes, for Scotus, is creation and being the Creator. Two other Divine attributes which are completely related with the discussion of creation, as Scotus believes, i.e. absolute power and freedom of will, are first discussed in this article, and then the creation and being the Creator of the world and human are explained according to his view. In the next section Ibn-Sina’s view in the discussion of creation is first briefly explained, and then it is investigated either Scotus and Gilson have understood Ibn-Sina’s view correctly or not. Finally the theories of Scotus and Ibn-Sina regarding the creation of the universe and human being are compared and their similarities and difference are mentioned. Scotus has studied the English translation of Ibn-Sina’s book, “Al-Shefa”, and is completely influenced by his theories in the discussions of epistemology and metaphysics. Although Scotus’ views in theological discussions and especially the discussion of the process of creation is different from Ibn-Sina’s view, but he completely follows his view in the discussion of the goal and philosophy of creation of the universe and human being.