Analysis of Iranian Critic's Critical Approaches to Farsi Classic Poetry

During the last 90 years, the high frequency of criticism of Farsi classic poetry in different fields of thought, cultural, literary, and so on, has made a kind of discourse, in the way that studying modern poets like Nima Yushij and Ahmad Shamloo, for example, we face with the “discourse of criticism of the classics”.Discourse is a set of statements on a given subject developing in a certain period of time. It gives rise to creation of its own terminology and enriches the language with required words on that field. In genealogy, the most important methodological approach of Michel Foucault’s in discourse analysis, most approaches and statements are deconstructed, analyzed and pathologized, going back to the origin of formation discourses and their promotion. This article aims at representing the backgrounds of formation and promotion of criticisms of Farsi classics, studying, categorizing, critical analysis and pathology of five well-known Iranian intellectuals in the 13th century (19th century). To do so, analytic – descriptive method has been used.According to the findings of the research, Iranian intellectuals have criticized old Farsi poetry with scientific positivistic scales; reducing literature to a social – political, scientific and materialistic function; taking positivistic view on language and stressing expressiveness of literary language for informing, education and publicity; and projecting criteria of experimental science and biology upon literature. They made their criticisms seem natural in the frameworks of such concepts like foregrounding, deviation from the norms, opposition, stereotyping, misidentification, and so on.