The Jondishapur University

The city of Jondishapur was founded by the Sassanid king, Shapur I, in Khuzestan. It wasexpanded under the rule of Shapur II and finally established as the capital of Matrandiocese. The city reached its culmination following establishment of its hospital andmedical school by Khosrow Anushiravan.Khosrow Anushiravan sent the Iranian scholar Borzouye to India to collect Indianmanuscripts and he brought Kelile væ Demne with him to Iran. Through the settlement of Greek physicians in Sassanid Empire, Jondishapur became the meeting point of Indian,Greek, and Iranian medicine. However, the Greek medicine was predominant. The firsttransmission of medical knowledge from Jondishapur to Baghdad was the invitation ofJurjis Ibn Bakhtyashu, the head of Jondishapur medical school, by Mansur, the AbbasidCaliph, for treatment of the Caliph.By establishment of Baytul-Hikma, (the House of Wisdom) in Baghdad, Greek texts ofHippocrates, Galen, and Dioscorides were translated from Greek into Syriac, and then intoArabic, or directly translated from Greek into Arabic by a group of translators under thesupervision of Hunayn ibn-Ishaq, his son, Ishaq ibn Hunayn and his nephew Hubaysh.Thus, Greek medicine exerted its influence. By emerging some scholars such as IbnMBsawayh, Ibn Tabari, Rhazes, Avicenna, and Biruni, the Islamic medicine reached itsculmination, and by translation of the texts of these scholars into Latin, they were effective on European universities until the 17th century.