فصلنامه دراسات الادب المعاصر
سال ششم شماره 3 (پیاپی 23، خریف 2014)

Yahya Alsamavi is one of Iraqi''s contemporary poets who has experienced Iraqis’ predicament in the years of saddam dictatorship and in the following years of American Occupation and the false liberty. He is a committed poet has devoted himself honestly to the Iraqi people and their sufferings, while he is himself a victim of resistance on ideals and became homelessness. His true feelings represent the Iraqis sufferings and his agony has made his odes as an illustrative picture. Alsamavi utilizes all his literary and language capacity to state his feelings and to represent the horrendous events and bloodthirstiness taking place in Iraq. He, utilizing these natural elements and their personification, get a way from real meaning to the symbolic meaning in his image processing. As the nature, animals and birds features has urged him to use them in the symbolic meaning. The present paper aims to investigate the attitudes of this poet in expressing his feelings and Iraqis sufferings in the middle of his uses of these symbols and their implications for representing the disaster, suffering and resistance of himself and Iraqi people in his poetic discourse.

The influence of social conditions on literature is an issue that many critics and scholars confirm and prove it; as duality is one of the manifestations of the influence of social conditions on the poet. It Means that whenever the ambitions and beliefs of poet opposes the social facts, the duality will manifests in his poetry. The reality that the contemporary poets live in, imposes strong contradicts that influences their poetry. Abu Shabakeh (1903-1947) – the Lebanese contemporary poet – feels and understands numerous differences and contradicts between his utopia and society in the past and present; specially after the world war and the social and political events happened in Arabic countries. This caused many contradicts in his poetry. The present paper which has been done in analytic – descriptive method comes to this result that many dualities such as good and bad, past and present, optimism and pessimism, love and hate, hope and disappoint, light and dark can be seen in his poetry.

One of the social functions of Holy Quran in human life from Allmah Tabatabaie''s point of view is the creation and expansion of social unity. He considers the unity as an element causing the honor and power of the Muslim community and regards it as God''s gift. He believes that Quranic suggestion for achieving this goal is to have plan for its expansion not just in words but in practice and adds that Quran besides designing and strengthening unity has mentioned the factors of schism as the social barriers of realizing unity. Quran has also tried to fight against the factors of schism and suggested practical solutions. The present study emphasizes the importance and situation of social unity in human life by highlighting Allamah Tabatabaie''s views in al-Mizan and discusses about its Quranic functions، its barriers and solutions.

Abu Ahmad Askari - the scholar, philologist and Hadith teller - was living in Askar Makram city that unfortunately this city and his literary works have lost. He wished to meet the scientist – Saheb Ibn Abad. But why the works of Abu Ahmad and his hometown scientists were lost while they caused the progress of literature especially in elementary literary criticism and created a dam against the critics of poetry of poets and also made a great work from vocabulary misreading point of view that the present paper intends to express it.

Manfaluti is one of Egyptian authors in 20th century who paid most attention to social and mental issues of Egypt nation. Thus perhaps it is better to introduce Manfauti as a scholar rather than literary man so that his readers have been interested in his works because of their social subjects since long time ago. Some believe that Manfaluti''s works contain no technical elements. Hence, they don''t consider him as his contemporary co - workers. The present paper tries to evaluate some parts of his narrations in his book called Alabarat including stories such as Alyatim, Alhijab, Alhaviah and Aleghab in critical-analytic method.

Death is one of the main issues in Samih Ghasem works; because he paid special attention to it in his works. The present paper studies his ideologies about death as well as his motivations on expressing this issue. His aesthetic view strengthens resistance spirit in his hometown fellows and causes changing in their view point on death. This article has been done in descriptive – analytic method and focused on his poetry. At last we have found out that death has two aspects from his point of view: intuitive and calculated. Then studied this phenomenon from political, national and ethnic aspects and decoded the aesthetic view about death and expressing its realities.