فصلنامه آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری
سال سوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1393)

Learning styles are one of the manifestations of individual differences answer the question that why the people do not learn through ordinary methods and why the efficiency of learning and educational achievement in them is different. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between learning styles and academic achievement of students in Birjand University of Medical Sciences.

This study is a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic one. Statistical population includes all educating students (2119) and the studied samples were evaluated to be 322 people based on krejcie and Morgan table. Random-categorical sampling method was used. Standard questionnaires of Kelb learning styles and the total average of students were used to collect information. SPSS software and tests (multiple regression, Pearson Correlation and T test) were used for data analysis.

The mean of educational average of female students was 16.21 ± 16.21 and for male students it was 15.01 ±2.76. The results showed that was a significant relationship between the students’ visual styles of learning (R = 0/421 p <0/001), students’ auditory styles of learning (R = 0/345 p <0/021) and their academic progress. But there was not any significant relationships between dynamic learning style and academic progress (r= 0/067 p> 0/136). The results showed that there was a significant difference between male and female student's progress (p= 0/041).

Students have different learning styles and teachers must pay attention to this issue and use different teaching methods. It seems that learners show high flexibility in learning different subjects.

The quality of higher education in any country depends on the trend of affairs in its universities. To evaluate the effectiveness of the University in implementing missions and assigned duties, certain criteria have been determined upon which the university evaluation can be made. The present study has been developed and designed with the aim of explaining and exploring faculty perception of an efficient University. In this qualitative content analysis study, six faculty members of Shahid Beheshti University, of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation University and of Lorestan University participated in semi-structured interviews, and have expressed their experience and opinions. Internet and library studies were researchers’ guide in the formulation of questions. After recording interviews, each was written on the paper and then monitoring was conducted by the researchers through comparing the content in terms of encryption. On the phase of determining sub-categories, categories and themes, the researchers then analyzed them on the grounds of content. The most important aspects raised by the participants as themes have been related to input, process and output. University efficacy will not be possible without academics’ communication with the society and the inter-section affiliation of other institutions regardless of the human and non-human aspects associated with the university.

As the largest group of health care، nurses often encounter situations in which they must adopt solutions and make good moral decisions so that they sometimes encounter ethical sensitivity. And this leads to increased job dissatisfaction and a desire to leave their work. Accordingly، this study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between ethical sensitivity nurses; tendency to leave work in hospital training in 2014 in Gorgan. This descriptive-correlation study was done on 161 nurses who were qualified for study participation and were randomly selected and enrolled. Data collecting tools are moral sensitivity questionnaire (MSQ) and tendency to leave work (ATS). Having collected، data were entered into SPSS 16 software and were analyzed using descriptive statistics (tables، mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Spearman correlation coefficient، ANOVA، independent t). The results with mean and standard deviation of 66 ± 10 showed that moral sensitivity was higher than average and the tendency to leave work with 24 ± 9 as to be moderate. Pearson correlation coefficient did not show significant correlation between moral sensitivity and tendency to leave work (r =-1، P=0. 01). Moreover، statistic test between moral sensitivity with age showed significant differences (P =0. 01) and this difference was observed between the age group under 30 years with the age group over 40 years with Scheffe''s Pursuit test in the sense that moral sensitivity was higher in the age group over 40 years. The results of this study showed that there was no statistically significant correlation between moral sensitivity and nurses’ tendency to leave work، however، other individual and environmental factors can involve. Therefore، we can improve incentives for nurses to stay in hospital work through enhancing moral atmosphere and considering individual differences and training ethical skills.

However the global will about realization of patient's rights, there is signs which show that therapeutic cadre's viewpoints - in some cases- differ form what emphasized in patient's bill of rights. While the most patients relationships are with nursing system's personnel, less specific attention have paid to their viewpoints. So, The purpose of this study was to evaluate nurses toward implementation of patient rights hospital affiliated with the University of Medical Sciences in 1392, is arranged. Cross sectional, descriptive study performed on 248 persons of the nursing system's personnel of Jahrom county Hospitals in 2010. All of nursing system personnel (including nurses, midwifes, nursing technicians, anesthesia technicians and technicians of operating room) were selected in statistic method. Data were collected by questionnaire based on ten-point patient bill of rights. Mean score lesser than 2 assumed as incongruent, between 2-4 assumed as indifferent and 4-6 assumed as congruent. And evaluation performed by χ 2 test. Data showed that 0.4 percent (1) of nursing system personnel were incongruent with patient bill of rights. 4.8 percent (12) were indifferent and 94.8 percent (235) were congruent with patient bill of rights. The meaningful statistical correlation between variables and viewpoints of nursing personnel with P>0.05 was not seen. Although 94.8 percent of nursing personnel had positive viewpoint about patient's bill of rights in this study, but how much impress this level of congruent viewpoint on clinic. It is suggesting to be studied personnel's behavior while implementing the patient's bill of rights.

Learning is a complex process in which various factors involved. This study was conducted with aim of evaluating the clinical learning environment based on DREEM model (Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure) from the perspective of nursing students of Jahrom University of Medical sciences. This study is a descriptive cross – sectional one performed in hospitals of Jahrom University of Medical sciences in 2012. Research community was nursing students of Jahrom University of medical sciences and sampling method was census. Data collection was done through the valid and reliable (α=0.79) DREEM questionnaire. The 50-question questionnaire included five areas of Learning, Professors, Students’ Academic Self-Perception, Atmosphere dominating the learning environment, and Students’ Social Self-Perceptions. 174 nursing students participated in this study. Data were analyzed by SPSS15. In the field of “learning”, 34% had negative attitudes to learning and 51.9% had positive attitudes to learning. In the area of “professors”, 39% believed in retraining, and 58.1% thought of the movement in the correct direction. In the area of student perceptions of their academic ability, 48.1% assessed it satisfactory and in the area of educational environment 65.1% of students chose "many cases require changes". In the area of students’ perception of their social condition, 56.6% evaluated it as "not very bad". The area of Academic Self-Perception was evaluated to have "many negative aspects" and the field of Perceptions of Atmosphere as " a terrible environment and in need of drastic changes" which demand more attention to be paid to these areas by the University training officials. Moreover, DREEM model can be used for monitoring and assessing modification actions and changes made in educational programs.

Graduate nurses are expected to perform scientifically and on the basis of their knowledge. Nowadays, perhaps methods such as simulations, role playing and emphasis on theoretical knowledge are effective in nursing education; however the development of professional knowledge hinges on practicing at the bedside. This article will tackle the challenges of these strategies. The present paper is a case study conducted with investigating library resources and articles in scientific databases like Ovid, Medline, Elseveir, Proquest from 2005 to 2012. The used keywords for search were performance-based learning, practice-based learning. Through examining article, it was determined whether the article was relevant to the subject and the impertinent articles were set aside. In the conducted study, 30 articles were obtained among which 11 articles were excluded because they lacked any new content, and the content was duplicated in other studies and an article was dropped out due to dealing with the issue too briefly. Finally, 18 articles were analyzed. 8 articles were descriptive and the rest were experimental. Since Persian literature has explored the challenges of implementation and evaluation of learning methods far less, attempts were made to further address these challenges so as to be able to provide appropriate approaches to use these methods in nursing education through analyzing them. Several criteria have led learning to turn to active learning methods. Yet many challenges have still remained in the implementation and evaluation of these methods. In addition, due to novelty of this practice, in reviewing the research, these methods were used more on medical students. While with respect to the effect of learning methods on clinical reasoning and the importance of this skill in nursing as an important component of making clinical decisions, doing research focusing on this approach seems to be necessary.