نشریه تعلیم و تربیت استثنایی
سال پانزدهم شماره 133 (امرداد 1394)

The aim of present study is to compare the social competence ofmothes with and without stress who have hearing impaired students. This is a casual- comparative study. For this goal we use 121 students (girls and boys) by in access method from exceptional schools of Shiraz City. The instrument to stress from (Koh et. al. 2001)، and scale of social efficiency from (Cardigan، 2007). There is a meaningful difference in dimension of communication proficiency of students with stressfully mothers (p0. 05). It means that social competence is significantly better in students with calm mothers. It can be concluded that stress of mothers has a negative effects on social competence and communication skills.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of training problem solving skills on coping strategies in parents with mentally retarded children. 60 parents with mentally retarded children from Tehran were chosen by in access sampling and they were divided accidentally in experimental and control group (any group to 30 persons). The research design was semi experiment design with pretest-post test. The experimental group was trained in7 sessions and coping strategies questionnaire of Lazarus is used as the examination tool. Data were analyzed by covariance test. Results show that training problem solving skills is effective on direct coping strategy، taking distance strategy، self-control strategy، strategy of asking for social support، avoidance strategy and evaluative strategy in parents with mentally retarded children. However، training problem solving skills is not effective on acceptance of responsibility and solving planned problem in parents with mentally retarded children. It can be concluded that problem solving skills is effective on some of coping strategies in parents with mentally retarded children.

This article provides a description of treatment approach، the theoretical underpinning and a summary of empirical findings to date. A behavioral problem of students is one of the main obstacles in training process that has a devastating impact on quality of life of the students and their families. Recently، Functional Communication Training (FCT) is one of the behavioral approaches in the field of special education which has been supported by many theoretical and experimental methods. The specific FCT procedures for an individual are determined by the findings of a functional assessment and analysis of a challenging behavior to be treated.

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship enhancement on the couple burnout decline of parents with visually impaired children. This study is an experimental research with pre and post-test design and with control group. 12 couples with visually impaired children participate in this study (2014-2015). The relationship enhancement independent variable was studied on the experimental group without any control group interference in 8 sessions. The Pines couple burnout questionnaire (CBM) was used as an instrument. Data were analyzed by using SPSS22. The results show that the relationship enhancement training and its variables have a meaningful effect on couple burnout of parents with visually impaired children. Based on the finding، the relationship enhancement training is suggested as an effective way for couple burnout decline in families with visually impaired children and increases the family health level.

The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between coping strategies and general health with perception style of parents who have hearing-impaired children. It is a correlation study. We selected 71 individuals as a sample group from target population including parents with hearing-impaired children and students studying at exceptional schools in Karaj city during 2013-2014. Data collected by6 Lazarus’ way of coping questionnaires (WOCQ)، general health questionnaire (GHQ)، and perception of parents’ style Questionnaire. Statistical analysis (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test، Pearson Correlation Coefficient، and regression) revealed significant relationship (0/01) between coping strategies and general health status parents with perception of parents’ style. In order to improve perception of parents’ style، it seems that providing parents especially mothers with strategies in the field of general health and mental health cab is useful.

Most of people with physical impairment have low self esteem and to achieve their aspirations had low expectations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dimensions of self-esteem، aspirations and expectations of students with physical Disability. This was a descriptive-correlation study. The sample of study consists of 71 students (30 females and 41 males) physically disabled students in Shiraz. The instruments used in this study were Abbreviated Hare Self–Esteem Scale (ABHSES) (Kelley، Denny & Young، 1997)، the Peer-Relations subscale of the Self-Esteem Questionnaire (SEQ) (DuBois، Felner، Brand، Phillips & Lease، 1996) and Aspirations and Expectations Scale (Loeber، Stouthamer-Loeber، van Kammen & Farrington، 1991). In order to analyze the data، Pearson’s correlation coefficient has been used. The results show that there are significant positive correlation between self-esteem at home and aspirations and expectations (the current importance of goals، the near future expectations & the distant future expectations) in physically disabled students a than other dimensions of self-esteem (P>0/01). There is a significant relationship between self-esteem and aspirations and expectations of students with physical impairment.

New definition of intellectual disabilities led to improvement of their abilities. Therefore، the aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of listening to the soft music during the professional activities on job performance، self-efficacy، and adaptive behavior in girls with intellectual disabilities. 40 female students with intellectual disabilities were selected from special schools of Tabriz city by in access sampling and assigned into two experimental and control groups. Research instruments were Scherer’s self-efficacy scale، professional performance test of children with intellectual disabilities، and Vineland adaptive behavior scale. The results show that listening to the soft music during the professional activities improve the job performance، self-efficacy، and adaptive behavior in girls with intellectual disabilities. It can be concluded that some training for intellectual disabilities group could be improved their social abilities. Generally، results show that the listening of soft music during the professional activities could be effective on job performance، self-efficacy، and adaptive behavior in girls with intellectual disabilities.

Non verbal learning disability (NVLD) is one of most novel subsets of learning disability which seems based on its relation and overlap with symptoms of a kind of Autism spectrum (Asperger Syndrome) demands more accuracy، delicacy and certitude. The purpose is to focus on non verbal kind of learning disability، symptoms، and its social and personal effects. The paper first presents characteristics and symptoms of NLD both general and specific، then goes through practical information regarding identifying، assessment and the methods to minimize its effects in social and educational environment، for both instructors and parents.