نشریه تحقیقات تمثیلی در زبان و ادب فارسی
پیاپی 25 (پاییز 1394)

Ilm-ol-Ma’a:ni, as one of the main branches of Islamic rhetoric, has a wide scale relation with linguistics and theories on modern literary criticism and its branches. M. A. Halliday is one of the renowned researchers of the school of linguistics in Britain whose “systematic functional grammar” (SFG) has many similarities with rhetorical discussions of “Xabar”, “Insha”, “connotative meaning”, … of Ilm-ol-Ma’a:ni. This paper intends to use the “padeshah va kanizak” - an allegorical story of Mawlana Jalal ad - Din - to study and introduce similarities and overlays between rhetorical discussion of “connotative meaning” and Halliday’s systematic functional grammar.

Allegory and symbolism both illustrate visible and invisible realities.These two methods of expression link visible and invisible world.Using irony and indirect speech instead of direct expression, existence of clear shining pictures and using the most suitable words, even existence of brevity,provides the basis for presence of allegory and symbolism in Fazel Nazari's poem.This essay by emphasizing the presence of prophets in contemporary poems,surveys allegoric and symbolic dimension of prophets in four poem collections (minority-They-Emperor's cries-and Opposition) from Fazel Nazari by documental-library method with analising and descriptive performance. At the end it shows that among all the prophets, Yousof (p.b.u.h), is the significant characteristic of Fazal Nazari's poem.

Sheikh Sanaan tale addressed by Attar Neishaboori in Manteq Altair Masnavi, is one of the permanent allegorical ancient Persian literature and is the source for creating number of the most basic allegorical motifs of Persian lyric. Therefore, it has been a lot of studies about this story's historical roots and origins, as well as its influence on the works of poets after Attar. Many researchers has found Sheikh Sanan historical features in the man named Abdulrazzagh Yemeni or Sanaani. And Ghazzali's "Tohfat almolook" (Kings Gift) is known as one of the earliest works that mentioned this story. In addition, the origin of the popular theme of old man's going from mosque to pub tale in Hafez lyrics have been seen in this story. In this paper aside from describing the multiple meanings of the mentioned theme several other common themes in the works of lyric poets of the sixth to eighth century related to Sheikh Sanaan tale are studied. However, the examples of mentioned themes applied before Attar narration are studied in Sanai's lyrics.

The present research, has the duty of check and Analysis dimensions of using birds in Allegories of ths famous Persian speaker poet, writer with the search of saeb’s divnan tries to shows his miracle of speech more than ago, aspeech that is with the use of Allegory causes a lot of miracles from Literature experts and students. Saeb with the use of crude articles of nature and mixing them with his special thought and world seeing created a divan. Method of this article is theoretical and fundamental and with the method of logical reasoning and analisys that is done with the base of librarian studies. Saeb with the use of birds in his allegory described political and social thems very clear and he created a symbol from each bird for Intellectual and spirit honors that is impressed from his period and saeb kan make his spoken grow and strong by this way.

Sadegh Hedayat is one of the most extraordinary, and peculiar Iranian contemporary writers, whose works shows a diverse range of concepts, and could be considered from different perspectives. The “Blind Owl”, his most remarkable work, is a reflection of how the interactions between history, social situations, psychology and individualism has affected him as well as each other. “Blind Owl” is a historical grief of human being, which due to presenting a dark atmosphere rather than so called vulgar daily life, has been mentioned by European literature as “Dark Literature”. In this symbolic, allegorical story, you can find examples of Transmutation, which is almost unusual in Hedayat’s as well as other contemporary writer’s works, reflecting his especial notions and mentality. The goal of this research is to introduce, describe, and interpret, these symbolic attributes of transmutation in “Blind Owl”.

In this article, a descriptive-analytic approach in two general and specific sections, we study the process of judgment and decision making in the story, "Grocer and Parrot" by Moulavi. Roumi has written this story in 77 verses, while it has a narrative genre based on necessities needed for a rational judgments. Mask, punishment, diagnosis, internal and external sensors, informational data, decision making, processing power of human are among the main topics addressed. This story teaches the reader that (a) how do the process of judgment and decision making take place?, and (b) how is it possible to reach such judgment?

one of the best parables٫ parable animal analogy is that Europeans to the fable locally and it is one of the literary species٫the fable are heroes is animal ssuggests that each represent a chass of people in society. Marzban name book of artifact prose master pieces of animal language and imitation of Kalila and demne written. Artistic author book٫and with wide viewing social and cultural٫he has can the heroes of the store are the same animals٫as a suitable tool for the benefit of their opinione. Reflecting on the stories seem very wise and instructive ethical issues are presented. The here is no negative point which is irritable consequences٫ can not be seem.