پژوهش نامه تاریخ
پیاپی 28 (پاییز 1391)

Of the land Quhistan is mentioned Khorasan's history as a gateway and treasurer of Kerman. The cause of this problem was in order to take in the way business from southeast to northeast and center of Iran. However influential event in the history sent conquest of fortress of Alamut to year 483 Hegira by Hassan Sabbah was Judge H. Cain to year 484 Hegira as a motive to Quhistan. Soon Qaen, Tabas, Tone, Khor, Zuzan and were taken surrounded by the Ismailis. Although the Seljuk Malik Shah Alamut's invasion of and Quhistan to stimulate Khajeh Nizam al-Mulk Tusi was unsuccessful, But the untimely death of Mlkshah to the year 485 were captured strengthen the forces of Hassan Sabbah neighboring areas. On 17 Ramadan 559 Hegira Hassan II during a revolutionary act call of the Resurrection.With the passage 2 months similar this action was set Moeen Abad Quhistan celebration in a castle. Ismailis extensive presence in towns and villages Quhistan national overlay to their religion and were united against tyranny and oppression. The Mongol invasion Iran they were crushed under the hooves Quhistan Stori and finally Naseroddin Abdul Rahim ibn Abi Mansour, Quhistan governing, Holaku Khan was surrendered in 653 Hegira.

A survery on the causes of the establishment of the Patriarch government in Iran. One of the most important events in the seventh- century AH (thirteenth- century AD) was the establishment of the Patriarch government in the political borders of Iran. Mongol invasion toewardsTransoxania territories and Iran and then advancing towards the West was the greatest historical event in the seventh- century AH. This event influenced on political, economic, social and cultural aspects. Over the years, it causes some important developments in this area. In this paper, by using the historical research method, we are going to analyze how the Patriarch government was established in Iran. The March of Holagu towards West, the wane of Ismailiyah and caliphs of Baghdad, battle of EinJalut, and the establishment of Holagu are the main subjects of this paper. Qaan Oktaitransition fromfamilytofamily, Tulu, the struggle over the succession Mngvqaan BvqaAryq Qvbylayandfinallythe rise ofthe Mongol empire andmissionrequirementsofthe new situationin thestateHolakuKhan, led tothe establishment ofadynasticruleintheterritory ofthesupport andcomments Qvbylay Qaanpatriarchled to theformation of thegovernment.

Khorasan as origin of Parthian questionably faces lack of historical remnant of Parthian. Discovering Birjand Kal_i Jangal Parti carved stone and epigraph in 1330 as one of the scant remnants of this era is very significant. In this paper we tried to present a new and spacious analysis of this matter considering all the researches done in this field. Thus considering stone carved that shows battle arena between a warrior and a lion which this kind of arts in ancient Iran before and after Parthian era was rampant, we tried to analyze stone carved comparing with other remnants such as Lakh-i Mazar Parthian and Elymais tang-i Sarvak stone carved. Also we want to investigate politicians perusing titles used in Parthian epigraph from political service aspects.

Considering the sociocultural factors in formation of government in Iran always have had a special positions and plays a key role on it. Formation of Dylmstan Shia government as a transformation marked the sociocultural role of Shia in fourth-century developments in Dylmstan. Existence of lots of Alavian in Tabarestan and Dylmstan because of their inaccessibility to oppressive caliphs and then familiarity of Dylaman with Sadat ideas and existence of a common enemy like Abbasian, degenerating of Alavian free-government, weakening their children, inefficiencies of the central government, losing the power of the Samanids, weakness of local government and releasing the uncontrolled fighting forces of Gils and Dylm caused the local government emerged from each side and became independent. The idea of a strong state and the revival of the ancient heritage of Iran permeated among many ethnic groups, that in the meantime, the success of this local ideal idea most of all was allotted to the Shia family of Buey that appeared among the rebellious tribes of Dylm and could put not only Iran but also to Baghdad under their own authority. This paper is based on considering the social changes of Dylm in formation of Shia government Buwahid.

During the history inhabited areas have always been attacked by desert residents and nomadic races. Iran has not been an exception, since it has always been attacked by nomad races of its borders` margin. Among those attacks we can point out Turkmen`s attack around northern and eastern north borders. Their attacks to residential areas and captivating villagers who live in northern and eastern north of Iran were among substantial problems during Qajar age for Iranians of Khorasan area, especially central government of Iran; a problem whose range of effect lead to first years of constitution period. The aim of the research has been investigating constancy reasons and factors of the problem, the way of its happening and policy of Qajar against attacks of Turkmens. Based on historical method, in this research the way of capturing Turkmens, fate of captives and military and political activities of Qajar were criticized and investigated to solve the problem. The research findings indicate that predicaments, originate from violent policies of Qajar and malice of Turkmen attackers. Although signing contract of Akhal in 1881 and addition of some parts of Turkmen lands to Russia domain reduced level of Turkmens` attack, hostilities were not removed and attacks of Turkmens continued.

During Achaemenian Period, Bushehr province enjoyed special significance owing to its strategic location on Persian Gulf coast and the exceptional attention Achaemenians paid to marine commerce. Being adjacent to Fars province and having abundant natural resources had made Bushehr province even more important. As marine courses developed, Achaemenians found it more necessary than before to be present at the western frontier of Pars area, where Bushehr port is located now. Existence of three palaces inland Persian Gulf – especially at Dashtestan – and many other works found at different parts of Bushehr province is a clear indication of Achaemenians’ ruling over Persian Gulf. One of the valuable Achaemenian historical works at Southern Pars region and Bushehr province is the monument known as Goor Dokhtar Mausoleum (literally meaning the girl’s tomb), which is structurally very similar to the Mausoleum of Cyrus the Great in Pasargadae. The only two places in Iran where this type of architecture is used are Pasargadae and Bozpar region in Dashtestan. Through content analysis, comparison, and field research, the present study shows that this valuable monument was constructed about 5 centuries B.C; its name – which was given to it after Arabs’ invasion – probably signifies its being untouched and inaccessible to the strangers. Moreover, considering its sharp roof, the structure is of Elamite architecture. Finally, the reason behind its abandonment might have been that the route of the main road changed.

Developing Islam was depended to many elements in Omavi Era in Khorasan. Natives were converted to Islam under influence of a great range of Qhazians, Mojahids, Faghihs, Arefs, Orators and Zahids. Also, Khorasan governor's palyed main role, some time positive and on the other time negative. Some hypocartically pretented to be a pure Muslim to unite with majority. These ones also used Islam to defend their land against Turkish attack and propaply domestic riots. On the other hands, some minor jobber governors made new Muslim paying high unfair impositions and taxes. The latters's unfaithfull finantial foreces was a negative element that made some new Muslims back to apostasy. In fact, they parctically prevented developing Islam in Khorasan

That is very weak in view of written sources especially at cultural and civilized areas. In addition, study and research about qouchan maghami music can break impasse of different stadies in historic, social, cultural and anthropology areas. One of this study and research aspects is study of history response in different melodies and songs of qouchan local music. that become notable subject in this paper in this writing try to attend some historic, political and social areas and in sum appearance philosophy some of ranks and songs of qouchan maghami music including: Geraily, Daregaz, Allahmazareh, Rashid Khan, Li yareh, Shojaeddoleh(sarkarjan), Parijan, Marjan, girl of kord, sardar Avazkhan. and etc. This research performed based on library method and also field researches and using oral history.