فصلنامه مدیریت سازمان های دولتی
پیاپی 2 (بهار 1392)

So far, extensive works on Deviant Work Behavior have entered the organizational behavior literature, and all of them aimed to identify influential factors in the emergence of deviant work behavior in workplace. Similarly, the purpose of the current study is to examine the possible effects of perception of organizational politics and perceived organizational support on the emergence of Deviant Work Behavior among employees. According to the method of data collection, this study is based on a survey. According to the method of data analysis, this is a correlation study with emphasis on structural equation model. Data gathered by 248 questionnaires distributed among the employees of “Tarbiat Modares” and “Tehran” universities, reveal that the perception of organizational politics has a positive influence in the emergence of several and different dimensions of deviant work behavior like Cyber Loafing, Financial Destructive Behavior, and also the misuse of time and resources. On the other hand, the results show that there is no significant relationship between perception of organizational politics and perceived organizational support with Aggressive behavior.

Generally, the main objective of managers is improving organizational outcomes. Review the literature of organization and management shows that various ways have been offered to accomplish this purpose. One of the newest ways is offered in Psychological capital. Psycap is one of the new concepts recent years, and it has entered in the field of management since new century. Psycap emphasizes the individual abilities and positive things of life, such as happiness, creativity, emotional intelligence, wisdom, consciousness, well-being, optimism, etc. It tries to facilitate the use of these indices in human life. Due to the developing of psycap approach in organizations, this paper has studied and identified the role of psycap in organizational outcomes in the Iranian public organizations. Therefore, first the researchers reviewed the research literature, then, with the use of descriptive-survey method, statistical sample of the population who were the employees of public organizations in Tehran, were selected and the research hypotheses were tested using structural equations and regressions. The findings of this research show that psycap has a significant positive relation with organizational outcomes such as performance, job satisfaction and organizational commitments. The results also show that, resiliency and optimism has the highest and lowest ranks, respectively. Finally, Psycap has the moderating role between organizational climate and organizational outcomes.

Natural disasters and events are of the potential factors threatening the health and properties of the people of a community. This requires special attention of governmental and public structures to the manner of planning and implementing crisis management systems. Process of crisis management in Iran has had oscillations and achieving an efficient crisis management system and its successful execution have been one of the existing challenges in this regard. On the other hand, the investigation of the manner of encountering natural events in Iran indicates that different governments have contented themselves with healing consequences of the natural disasters and have concentrated their efforts on the confrontation and renovation stages in crisis management cycle. The Community-based Disaster Management (CBDM) Approach is of the approaches which could adjust predicated weak points, concentrating on vulnerability causes in comparison of exclusive attention to the occurrence of disasters. In this research, therefore, the experience of implementing community-based approach in countries of Turkey, Philippines, and Japan, which are similar to our country, regarding the expansion and type of natural disasters, was investigated with of macro content analysis method, and at the end, some suggestions and practical solutions resulting from interviewing with experts, in order to correspond and select the best of actions done in those countries, are provided with the aim of improving the execution of this plan in Tehran city and becoming a pattern for implementing the plan in other cities of the country.

Considering the shortcomings of traditional models of organizational performance measurement and contemporary challenges in the field of management, offering new performance measurement frameworks have been considered. Organizational excellence models are one of the most important new models that based on a set of core values, offering the main critical dimensions of organizational excellence performance. These models introducing the key components of organizational excellence performance and according to experts’ acknowledgment, such frames, at least in the area of core values, are perspective. In the first stage of the research, for assessing context factors in excellence model, comprehensive policies of Administrative system of Iran, Administrative system reform Plans of Iran, the civil service management, and twenty-year vision of Iran were analyzed with Qualitative approach utilizing content analysis. The basic model of the research was concluded on the basis of literature review and context factors in Iran. This model is introduced to managers of public sectors for being assessed and verified. Sampling method of this research was judgmental and purposeful. Statistical Sample was public sectors managers. The instrument of the research was Questionnaire. Statistical analysis methods Was explorative factor analysis. The proposed model of excellence includes ten core values. This study show that core values are in three areas (i.e. human dignity, wisdom orientation and vision orientation).

Nowadays, knowledge plays a major role in achieving strategic goals of organization and competitive advantage. It needs to be managed like other organizational resources. The current research investigates the factors affecting employees’ readiness before the implementation of knowledge management system in Payam Noor University of Khorasan Razavi. This research tested the effects of personal, field, contextual and process factors on commitment and pessimism toward knowledge management. Statistical population of this research includes 500 people and 85 respondents were determined as statistical sample of the study. After distribution of 150 questionnaires with Stratified random sampling among them, 129 usable questionnaires were returned. Related experts and university professors were asked to determine the validity of questionnaires. Then, to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were value. For data analyses, the authors used Mean analysis, Path coefficients, and Regression analysis. Findings indicated that there is a direct relationship between personal factors factors and pessimism, and continuous commitment in regard to knowledge management. Further, process factors have negative effects on pessimism and affective commitment to knowledge management.

The present study aims to assess the relationship between employee empowerment and privatization of the Hospital of Gilan Medical Science University. Further, this study on the psychological empowerment as empowerment intervening variables. Data analyses were carried out utilizing suggestions are proposed for increasing staff’s empowerment in the Hospital of Gilan Medical Science University. The questionnaire has been used for measuring dimensions of privatization and empowerment. 400 people were selected with Stratified random sampling among 7500 Hospital staff. The results show that there is significant positive relationship between privatization and empowerment. Further, there is a significant positive relationship among the Intervening factors (i.e. organizational conditions and management strategies) and empowerment. But, no significant relationship was established between Efficiency Resources and employee Empowerment.

In the age of communication and technology, knowledge is a vital resource in competition of organizations and is a factor for obtaining competitive advantage. As economies have passed from industrial form to knowledge-based form, organizations have had themselves to use knowledge and information and redesign their process to improve quality of their products and services. Then, this paper investigated the relationship among resistive economy, entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management. Further, to gather necessary data, questionnaires were distributed among 100 cases of entrepreneurs and industrialists of Salimi industrial town, located in Tabriz. While analysis results show positive correlation between three variables, the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management is negative. Accordingly, public organizations have to pay attention to dimensions of resistive economy and encourage entrepreneurial orientation for reducing client's complaints.