فصلنامه پیشگیری و سلامت
پیاپی 1 (پاییز 1394)

Diabetes is one the important health problems and common chronic metabolic disease that its side effects is considered as one of the main cause of mortality and morbidity. Self-efficacy has a key role in the successful self- management among Diabetes patients. The current study was aimed to study of educational intervention effect based on the self-efficacy theory on Diabetes management among patients who attained in Diabetes clinic of Ale Jalil hospitals in Aq qala city. In a two groups semi-experimental design, 58 patients (19 male,39 female) were recruited to study and randomly allocated into intevention and control groups. Data gathered through Sherer General Self-Efficacy scale, Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale, as well as selected demographic variables. Educational Intervention was implemented based on the self-efficacy theory in 3-session each of 90 minutes during 3 weeks. Two months later post test was obtained. Gathered data were entered into SPSS version 18 and analyzed using independent sample t test, paired t test, and Chi-square test. Mean age of intevention and control groups subjects were 55.90 and 53.92 years respectively. Duration of disease was 10.58 years in case and 8.59 in control ones. There was no significant difference between demographic variables in case and control groups. Mean score of General Self-Efficacy and Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy were in moderate levels. After intervention these scores were increased significantly in case group (p=0.001). The results of the study revealed that implementing interventional education based on the self-efficacy theory increases patients general self-efficacy and Diabetes self-efficacy alike.

Scientific development of any society examined through study of its scientific activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the scientific productivity of Islamic Republic of Iran researchers in the field of nursing in the Scopus. This is cross-sectional descriptive study conducted by scientometrics methods. The study community is published articles in the field of nursing at the international level, between 1996 and 2013 in Scopus. After entering data into Excel software, results are presented in the form of tables and graphs. the number of scientific products in the field of nursing is rising and has normal growing rate and is ranked 34 globally and 2 in the Middle East. Citations to these products are 6.73 in average and self-citation rate is 12.39%. Among the Iran's universities, Tehran University of Medical Sciences has the largest scientific products. Most products in the field of nursing were "nutrition and diets" and minimum subject areas were "review" and "Pharmacology" allocated. Compared with other medical fields in the international and Middle East, Production of knowledge in the field of nursing is in similar situation and its growth is along with the development of medical science. More attention to subjects such as review and nursing theories that less attention has been paid to the issues can help to subject balance in this field.

Anxiety disorder is one of the undesirable postpartum complications in some women and can have numerous risks for the health of the mother and newborn. Interference of anxiety with exclusive breastfeeding is one of these risks. Therefore, this research intended to determine the relationship between postpartum anxiety and exclusive breastfeeding in Qom. The statistical population in this case-control study consisted of mothers who had given birth to their babies not more than six months prior to the start of the research and, therefore, the samples were divided into 3 one-hundred-member groups based on the type of breastfeeding. In addition to using inclusion and exclusion criteria, the scope of the study was restricted to control confounding variables. A questionnaire on demographic characteristics and the standard Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults were used to collect data. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS at the significance level of less than 0.05. The average scores found for covert and overt anxiety were 39.65 and 41.38, respectively. Thirty-nine percent of the women exhibited mild covert anxiety, 52.67% mild to moderate covert anxiety, and 8.33% severe covert anxiety. Moreover, 33, 55.67, and 11.33% of them suffered from mild, moderate, and severe overt anxiety, respectively. A significant correlation was found between covert and overt anxiety and exclusive breastfeeding (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between postpartum covert and overt anxiety and exclusive breastfeeding so that greater levels of anxiety resulted in cessation of exclusive breastfeeding.

Mental health could be influenced by general health and irrational beliefs alike. The aim of the current study was to investigating relationship of general health as well as irrational beliefs with mental health among Azadshahr Islamic Azad University students. In a cross-sectional design, 403 college students were selected through cluster sampling method in spring, 2014. Data gathered by SCL-25, GHQ-28, and Jones Irrational Belief scale. Gathered data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression test as well as Spearman rank correlation in SPSS ver.18. The mean and SD of the subjects was 25.62±6.79 years. There was positive significant correlation between general health and irrational beliefs with mental health. Regression model demonstrated that 59% of mental health could be predicted by general health. Besides, 24% of mental health could be predicted by irrational beliefs. The mean scores of irrational beliefs, mental health and general health were significantly high in female college students. he results of study revealed that improving in general health and modifying of irrational belief affect the mental health condition. Furthermore, female gender and older age are the important variables of the study.

Burn injuries gives rise to mortality and long-term disability, and impose a high economic burden on patients, their families, and society. Thus, we investigated the direct hospitalization costs of the 388 burn patients admitted to the burn center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Kermanshah Province of Iran. This retrospective study was conducted on all patients admitted due to burns between March21st,2011 until March20th, 2012 in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Kermanshah. The data was collected by reviewing medical records and a research- made checklist.The mean cost per patient was 20463227 Rials while for females and males it was 2207182 and 19113198 Rials, respectively. The highest cost was related to Drugs and other consumable items (52% of total costs), followed by Hoteling (34% of total costs). The mean cost per one day hospitalization and one percent of Total body surface area (TBSA) for females was 2136619 and 489439 Iranian Rials, respectively, and 2419392 and 674690 Rials for males. This study provides a comprehensive view about the cost of burn patients for both hospitals administrators and health policy-makers. The length of stay (LOS) with regard to the extent of burn is an important variable in total costs, hence the facilitation in reception and discharge can improve the quality of health services in different levels and reduce the LOS and cost of hospitalization.

combustion is One of the most important horror and frightening events for the patient and surgical team members that may occur during surgery. This study aimed to structures Measurement the health belief model In adopting preventive behaviors of combustion of The personnel and students in the operating room. This study is a cross sectional study with an analytical approach In order to Measurement the health belief model In adopting preventive behaviors combustion in personnel and students the operating room, Hospitals of health education 9 dey Torbat-e- Heydaryeh Was done in 1393. The sample size was 68 cases that to 35 cases staff members and 33 students. respectively, were selected randomly and census method. Data collection from the two-part questionnaire, In the first part of demographic And in part two of the questionnaire, were used the structures Measurement the health belief model. questionnaire has 57 questions.The validity of the questionnaire) was used of teachers` view points authority and reliable of Cronbach Alpha (0/83). Data using descriptive statistics (Mean ± SD) And inferential statistics (t-test, chi-square) Software SPSS20 were analyzed. The mean age of the study population was 7/73 ± 25/97 with a range of of 19 to 55. Score model structures were perceived susceptibility (61/27), perceived severity (67/46), perceived benefits (74/34), perceived obstacles (61/76), Guidelines for action (69/36), efficacy (67/44), behavior (59/55). The highest and lowest scores had a guide to practice the anesthesiologist and pamphlets.Based on linear regression analysis, Perceived obstacles (p= 0/008 - Beta =0/323) The most important predictor prevent performance of combustion was diagnosed in the practice room. Perceived benefits of structure and guidance for practice was in acceptable level, But other structures in the model, was in medium level. Given that the performance structural of is not in acceptable level, it is recommended. The appropriate interventions to specific educational interventions with emphasis on the Structures the health belief model and done in particular perceived barriers Structural to upgrade preventive behaviors And through this performance of personnel and students gived upgrade behavior preventive of the combustion action room.

Breast feeding is influencing by social and cultural conditions of any communities. The purpose of current study was to investigating of breast feeding situation in mothers who have 8-24 months infant and its related factors based on BNAASNEF model constructs in Aq qala city. In a retrospective cross-sectional design, 223 mothers who have 8-24 months age infant through convenience sample were recruited. Data were gathered using a questionnaire based on BASNEF model constructs along with selected demographic variables and were analyzed in SPSS version 18 using descriptive and analytic tests. Exclusive breast feeding prevalence was 87.5 %, formula feeding was 10.3%, and 2.2 % was both of them. Seventy-eight point one percent had favorite attitude toward breast feeding, 21.9% had semi favorite attitude. Regarding to BASNEF constructs health workers responsibility and mass media were the most enabling factors with 90.1% and 63.2%, respectively. The result showed that husband, physician, mother, health workers, and mother in law were the significant subjective norms while friends and acquaintances were the less important subjective norms in line with breast feeding. There was no significant relationship between types of infant feeding with any variables of study. The results of study indicated that 87.5 % of mothers were feuded their infants with breast feeding in first 6 months. Health workers responsibility to mother's questions and mass media were the significant enabling factors. Husband, physician, mother, health workers, and mother in law were the significant subjective norms in breast feeding of infants by mothers.

Body Beauty Belly Aerobic exercise is one of the fun ways to achieve health and development of motor skills is designed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks of Body Beauty Belly Aerobic exercises on the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in adult women in Gonbad city. For this study, 20 women with an average age of 25-50 years, 38/2 years, 77/4 kg weight were selected by random sampling and participated in the exercise group. Consent and questionnaire consisted of 12 questions on the personal characteristics that were completed by the subjects and blood samples to measure levels of LDL, TG and cholesterol in fasting blood was collected and taken to the laboratory. The weight of the subjects was measured using scales. Exercise protocol included three sessions of exercise a week for six weeks and includes 15 minutes of aerobic exercise, butterflies, jumping, jumping rope, sitting and prone movements, movements of sit-up and lateral and prone positions and running for 10 minutes, and at the end of 10 minutes was cool. After six weeks and again at the end of training blood samples to measure levels of LDL, TG and cholesterol accumulation and weight of the subjects were measured. Data using t-test using SPSS software statistical analysis was performed. The results showed that TG, LDL, cholesterol and weight is significantly reduced compared to pre-exercise. Based on these results, we can say Body Beauty Belly Aerobic, in addition to being fun for adult women can also have an impact in reducing blood lipids.