فصلنامه مدیریت پرستاری
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 14، تابستان 1394)

Nurses are the major group among health care professionals, and so, they must be had accountability in their nursing care delivery. Because, their error's had effects on patients that it usually they are irreversible. So, legislators for preventing these errors in medical and nursing staff define many penalties, considerably. the aim of this study was defining negligence concept in nursing care and what it is in Iranian judiciary. Methods and Materials: This study reviewed the laws of Iran such as nemesis and atonements associated about nursing negligence and criminal documents at Criminal Justice Medical Integrated of Tehran and the lawyer's views in 2014. : In Iran, for having taken the nurses accountable in the judiciary system, the behaviors due to their negligence which have led to the patient's deaths or at least their mental and physical damage ought to be taken into consideration and also the secularized causality relationship should be between their behavior and the outcome as well. In the Iranian judiciary system, no definition of nursing negligence or fault has been given by the legislator in the penal system, and only some possibilities such as recklessness, carelessness, lack of skill, and not having regarded the governmental laws and principles have been noticed. It would be suggested that nurse managers planning in-service education and directing nurses with how assessing and reaction of the judiciary systems to nurse's negligence in care delivery.

Technology growth and development in medical sciences on cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), staff development in nursing and educational nurse's needs in emergency department is necessary. Assessing the effects of continuing education competency-based program for emergency nurses on rate CPR successful was the aim of this study. Methods& materials: This semi-experimental study was carried out on (3 Technology growth and development in medical sciences on cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), staff development in nursing and educational nurse's needs in emergency department is necessary. Assessing the effects of continuing education competency-based program for emergency nurses on rate CPR successful was the aim of this study. Methods& materials: This semi-experimental study was carried out on (30) nurses (15 nurses in each groups control and case) who selected non- randomly in emergency departments in two hospitals in Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Data gathered were observational form, record, and report nurse's sheet for CPR. Their reliabilities were (0.89) by inter-rater coefficient. Continuing education competency-based program in regarding adult learning principles and steps of competency training (CBT) planned and implemented in case group for six months Data were gathered before and six months after implementation in two groups in double blind. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square statistical tests. findings showed that two groups were same in demographic variables and no differences significantly Chi-square test showed with (p>0.05). Mann-Whitney test was revealed that between two groups, rate successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation were different significantly (p<0.05). Also, Wilcoxon test was revealed that between rate successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation before and after continuing education competency-based program found to be different between two groups (p<0.05). it is suggested to nurse managers that continuing education competency-based program applied in staff development in emergency department for promotion rate of CPR.0) nurses (15 nurses in each groups control and case) who selected non- randomly in emergency departments in two hospitals in Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Data gathered were observational form, record, and report nurse's sheet for CPR. Their reliabilities were (0.89) by inter-rater coefficient. Continuing education competency-based program in regarding adult learning principles and steps of competency training (CBT) planned and implemented in case group for six months Data were gathered before and six months after implementation in two groups in double blind. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square statistical tests. findings showed that two groups were same in demographic variables and no differences significantly Chi-square test showed with (p>0.05). Mann-Whitney test was revealed that between two groups, rate successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation were different significantly (p<0.05). Also, Wilcoxon test was revealed that between rate successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation before and after continuing education competency-based program found to be different between two groups (p<0.05). it is suggested to nurse managers that continuing education competency-based program applied in staff development in emergency department for promotion rate of CPR.

Mental health is one of the social needs and disorders such as depression and anxiety are discussed as the most common diseases, today. Nurses who working the night shift more than other professions in other scheduling are vulnerable to psychological stress. This study was done for assessing the relationship of the night shift work with nurse's depression and anxiety in hospitals of Chalous city in 2014. Methods and Materials: It was a descriptive-correlation study that (140) nurses who worked in night shift selected randomly according to Krejcie and Morgans. Beck depression-II and Beck anxiety inventories were used for collection data. In past, their reliability measured in Iran, in this study &alpha Chronbach were (0.93 and 0.92) respectively. Data analyses by Pearson test, MANOVA and independent t-test with SPSS17. The findings indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between the night shift work and nurse's depression and anxiety (P &le. 05). In other words, the night shift work has correlated with nurse's depression and anxiety. Also, gender and education has no relationship with nurse's depression and anxiety of night shift work (P >. 05). There was not a significant difference between nurse's depression and anxiety of night shift work based on their marital status (P >. 05). It would be suggested that nurse managers plan properly in scheduling and decreased night shift in regarding to improve nurse's mental health.

The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a nursing care-intensive setting where the patient-to-nurse staffing ratios affects the quality of care and would be accompained with outcomes such as readmission neonates and nurse's fatigue or job satisfaction. This study aimed to determine patient-to-nurse staffing ratios and its consequences for premature infants and nurses. Methods and Materials: This descriptive correlational study was done with a sample of (80 nurses and 245) preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care units in three selected hospitals Tehran (2014). Study outcomes for nurses were fatigue and job satisfaction which examined by "fatigue scale nurses'' (Rassouly & et., al 2012) and "job descriptions index"(Smith & et., al 1969). They had content validity and their reliabilities were &alpha=0.92. The outcome of infants was readmission within one month after discharge, which followed by phone calls to parents. Data were analyzed by 2, t-test, Kroscal-Wallis, Mann-Whiteny, linear and logistic regression by using SPSS1705/0 =&alpha)). In total, the mean patient-to-nurse staffing ratios in hospitals was (0.28  0.018) in other words, a nurse was for more than 4 infants. There were no correlation between patient-to-nurse ratios, premature infants` readmission (P=0.051) and nurses` fatigue (P=0.055) in regression analysis significantly. But job satisfaction was significantly correlated with patient-to-nurse ratios so that for one point increase in the patient-to-nurse ratios, 9.58% increased score of job satisfaction (P=0.001). The patient-to-nurse staffing ratios as one of the factors affecting on nurse's job satisfaction, so, nurse managers would be used it for increasing NICU nurse's satisfaction.

The quality of nursing care is affected by nurse's knowledge and experiences that they attained in nursing practice these knowledge and experiences improvement could be relied on acquisition knowledge from colleagues. this study was done for assessing effect of perceived knowledge support from the organization by nurses on their professional knowledge sharing. Methods and Materials: This causal study was done in one of hospitals in Yasouj city in (2014) as a case study. All of nurses who worked were selected (104). For data gathering were used two questioners Perceived Knowledge Organizational Support (Donate & Guadamilla 2011) and Knowledge Sharing Behaviors (Huang & et., al, 2013). Divergent content validity test were (0.61 – 0.67) and &alpha- Chronbach for reliability were (0.71 and 0.76) respectively. Data gathered by (98) questioners (94% returned) were analyzed using structural equation modeling based on variance by Smart PLS and descriptive tests by SPSS. Findings showed that organizational knowledge-oriented atmosphere, had significantly positive effect on nurses’ motivation to share their knowledge (&beta=0.41 T=3.86). But this effect was not significantly in the knowledge-oriented supervisory and human resource management practice (T<1.96). Furthermore, nurses’ motivation to share their knowledge (&beta=0.52 T=4.06) and availability of opportunities to share the knowledge (&beta=0.30 T=2.64), have significantly positive effect on their knowledge sharing behaviors. Nurse managers would be increased nurse's motivation for sharing professional knowledge by providing sufficient opportunity for knowledge sharing for them and also organizational supportive atmosphere creation. It must be based on confidence between managers and staff that knowledge sharing adopted as a value in organization.

One of the critical situation in nurse's life is transition from newly nurse to clinical nurse. Health care organizations try to find effective strategies for facilitating transition process newly nurses to clinical roles. this study was done for exploration the nurse manager's strategies for facilitating transition process newly nurses to clinical nurses in (2013). Methods and materials: The qualitative study grounded theory was used as a method for gathering and analyzing data. Participants were (9) nurse managers and (12) newly nurses who purposefully selected. Data gathered by semi- structured interviews and it continued till data saturation by theoretical sampling. Constant comparison analyzing was used that proposed by Strauss and Corbin (1998). Nurse managers in three steps respectively preparing, immersing and empowering, put in newly nurses to clinical nurse role effectively. These strategies were facilitated transition process newly nurses to clinical nurses. For facilitated transition process newly nurses to clinical nurses, these strategies would be applied as a guideline by nurse managers and it would be resulted to supporting and attaining new generation in nursing.

A nurse has a high degree of stress, due to the nature of his/her job. Despite the stress they cope with, doing duties without procrastination is vital and high attentional. this study was done for identification relationship between job stress and procrastination among clinical nurses in one hospital. Methods and Materials: this study was a descriptive-analytic study. Nurses (144) were selected simple randomly from different units in Shohadaye Kargar hospital in Yazd city. Data was collected by Eliot Job Stress Questionnaire (1994) and questionnaire of procrastination. Nurses were classified into four domains in Eliot Stress questionnaire high self-esteem, having healthy life, depression feeling and psychological crisis. Procrastination questionnaire was designed according to three individual, organizational and environmental factors. Reliability of instruments with regard to &alpha Cronbach's were (0.75 and 0.76) and their validities by confirmation factor analysis were (0.64 and 0.67, respectively. Data analyzed by Pearson Correlation Coefficient (&alpha=0.01) test, under SPSS 20 were used for data analysis. findings showed that mean of nurse's stress (60.13) and procrastination (46) in fact nurses had high level of stress, depression feeling and procrastination. Results of Pearson Correlation test also showed that Correlation Coefficient has a positive(r=0.76) and significant (p=0.00) relationship with nurse's job stress. Moreover, there was a positive and significant relationship between individual (p=0.00), organizational (p=0.00) and environmental (p=0.00) procrastination factors and job stress, the highest of which has been related to individual (r=0.628) and then organizational factors (0.585) with (p=0.00). In this hospital, nurse managers would be decreased work load by work scheduling according individual characteristics, workshop in stress management and consultation. And also, selection they based on kind of personality, age and perfectionism would be decreased procrastination.