نشریه مطالعات راهبردی بسیج
پیاپی 68 (پاییز 1394)

The aim of this research is to provide a systematic pattern of scientific authority based on Supreme Leader’s reflections. Research strategy is of grounded theory approach and a Corbin and Strauss systematic approach. For this purpose, Supreme Leader’s statements concerning science and technology examined, and by processing of data and concepts, the macro and micro concepts of systematic pattern extracted. Carrying out research steps, pattern categories including central issue, causal conditions, underlying conditions, intermediary conditions, strategies, and its consequences were extracted on the basis of Supreme Leader’s remarks. The results indicate progress toward scientific authority, is a process that requires overall development of the country, wealth creation, economic growth, national sovereignty, national dignity and formation of Islamic civilization. All these are consequences and implications of scientific authority for the Islamic Republic.

Due to world’s turbulent and changing environment, managers and leaders of Basij are seriously in collaboration with community and other beneficiaries. When a crisis occurs, citizens and community anticipate Basij leaders and managers to take important and decisive responsibilities and take measures, to resolve crisis. Unlike business leaders and governmental leaders, Basij leaders are under pressure (in particular political, social, etc) for correct decision making and accountability for their decisions and actions. The aim of present study is to provide a crisis leadership pattern for Basij leaders and managers so as to resolve crisis, or at least reduce its damages and hardships for community and sacred system of Islamic Republic of Iran. The current study is a systematic review of literature related to leadership crisis which eventually lead to presentation of a pattern. As a result, Basij leaders must perform the following actions in times of crisis: 1. Recognizing crises; 2. Responding to the crisis, and making correct decisions; 3. Conceptualizing crisis for community and beneficiaries; 4. Ending crisis; 5. Learning from crisis and implementing corrective measures, and 6. Leading crisis after crisis.

Main question: Economic security which is essential for generating economic growth and development in the country requires continuous monitoring and control of national policy makers and planners to have correct conception of circumstances through the country. The aim of research is to identify and model variables in order to evaluate country's economic security by persistent monitoring and evaluation. Research This study utilizes a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. To identify variables of economic security, literature and documents related to the economic security were analyzed by using qualitative content analysis study. Consequently a set of variables were identified and categorized. The variables in a questionnaire were distributed among 40 experts. They were asked to assess effect of each variable on economic security. Finally, weights of variables in economic security were calculated on the basis of Shannon Entropy method. Main The results demonstrate a total number of 25 variables affect economic security of country. Such variables can be classified under seven categories including: Financial sector, basic commodity sector, foreign trade, market policy, economic performance, human resources, and favorable economic environment. By weighting of each variable and weight of each category in development of economic security, the final model was devised to assess country's economic security.

Resilience is defined as more risk-bearing capacity, rapid return after a certain amount of risk and damage reduction. This study examines resilience of Iranian economy during the years 1996-2013. Resilience Index applies Briguglio and Borman studies to define and measure different components including macroeconomic stability, micro-markets performance, good governance, social development, accuracy of financial policies, monetary policy, effectiveness of administration performance, comprehensive supervision, accuracy of banking system, export diversity, autonomy (freedom) of exports, foreign strength, private debt, net international reserves, and international investment amount. Results indicate that resilience of Iranian economy during the studied period until 2004 had an upward trend, but from 2004 to 2011 had a downward trend. The low resiliency of economy indicates that in the event of an external shock to economy, on the one hand poses a high damage to economy, and on the other hand decelerates economic recovery and its return to normal condition.

This article examines and compares general elements with common epic elements of Persian literature particularly Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. The authors seek to answer the following questions: What are the most significant epic features of holy defense poetry? What similarities and differences are there between these features and old epic poetry particularly Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh? Using library collection method, findings were described and analyzed with respect to elements of epic poem. Findings showed that although many shared components like heroes, recitation of epic verses, description of battlefield, heroic braveries and patriotism were found between epic literature in eight years of war and earlier epic literature, but such components have taken a different form in holy defense literature.

“War Tourism” is one of tourist attractions that many tourists and planners take into consideration in recent decades. Iraqi Ba’th regime imposed war against Iran is one of wars that registered heroism, braveries, and epic in history. Since that war has its own attractions for tourists, the present research deals with following issues: Evaluation of tourist interests (selecting type of tourism), interest level for returning of tourists, and comparison of studied regions from aspect of war memorials. Research method is of descriptive-analytical. Data collection is of researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed by applying univariate and regression tests. Results indicate a significant and positive relationship between tourists’ satisfaction and their return to the area. Moreover tourist arrival to the region is purely spiritual linked with war tourism factors and difference in war tourism influences in other provinces. Finally, some strategies have been offered, to expand war tourism and increase tourist arrivals to the area of study.