مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال هجدهم شماره 178 (هفته چهارم دی 1394)

Good quality is the main requirement of a research article to be used in the process of evidence-based care. Therefore, the present study was performed with aim to critically evaluate and analyze the published articles on Iranian women’s attitude towards menopause. In this critical appraisal, the databases including Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, as well as Persian databases of Magiran, and SID were searched from 1990to January 2015 using the keywords of “menopause”, “attitude”, “Iranian women”, and “Iran” or combinations of these words. 19 original articles which examined Iranian women’s attitude towards menopause were critically analyzed. CASP checklist was used to check the quality of the articles, and its items were categorized into four domains. Total quality of the articles was also divided into three categories of high, moderate and low. Among the articles, 10 articles (52.63%) had high quality, and 9 (47.36%) had moderate quality. The domain of participant's characteristics with 40% of the obtainable score, and study design with 86.31% of the obtainable score had the lowest and highest scores, respectively. The standardized questionnaires were used only in 2 articles (10.52%), and only 11 articles (57.89%) had mentioned the method of measuring the reliability and validity of the questionnaires. The quality of published articles on women’s attitude towards menopause was not satisfactory. It is recommended that authors and journal reviewers to follow the standard guidelines for scientific writing. Also, training courses is required to be held in order to familiarize the researchers with these guidelines.

Preterm delivery is a complicated situation that its risk factors are different based on different seasons. One of the environmental factors which may be effective on the occurrence of preterm delivery is season. This study was conducted with aim to investigate seasonal pattern of preterm deliveries in Mashhad using ARIMA time series models. The Preterm delivery related data were collected during 2003 to 2013 from Women's Health Research Center and regarding the autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF), and also the absence of trends in data, it was tried to assign goodness of fit to time series models. After selecting the models, the significance of parameters was investigated with the estimation of criterion error and t-values and then, the goodness of fit such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Ryan Joyner test were used for validation of the models. In addition, using the seasonal index (SI), the seasonal pattern of prevalence of preterm delivery was extracted. The results of this study indicated that ARMIMA model (1,1,1)×(0,0,1) was fitted as the best one for investigation of seasonal pattern of the prevalence of preterm delivery. In addition, among 4743, the age groups of 23-30 years had the highest rate of preterm delivery. The frequency of seasonal occurrence indicates that winter in December had the highest percentage of occurrence of preterm deliveries, and the lowest rate was related to spring. In general, preterm deliveries vary with seasonal changes, and environmental factors are significantly effective on the occurrence of this disease.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of tuberculosis, is known as communitie's inclusive threat. According to the report of World Health Organization (WHO) in 2014, about 3.3 million pregnant women have been infected with tuberculosis. This high rate of TB infection is huge challenge for social health. Prevention and control of TB in the pregnant woman, because of the special status of immune system, requires specific management. So, this study was performed with aim to determine the effects of congenital tuberculosis on the fetus and newborns.. In this review study, the articles related to TB infection in pregnant women and newborns were extracted from scientific databases such as EBSCO, Chemical abstract, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, MedLib, Iran Medex, ISI, ISC, with no time limitation. These articles were entered to the study according to the confirmed tuberculosis in the patients and the congenital tuberculosis based on Cantwell’s criteria. Also, data analysis was performed qualitatively. In this study, the most important congenital complications in the newborns of pregnant women with TB in 32 articles which had the inclusion criteria were examined. The evaluation showed that pregnant women are susceptible to tuberculosis and TB transmission in children born from TB-infected pregnant women was higher than non-infected pregnant women. It has been confirmed that tuberculosis has an adverse effect on fetal growth and causes the birth of low weight and premature neonates. Also, neonatal mortality due to TB was associated with an increase. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can reduce the complications of congenital TB, especially neonatal mortality and the birth of low weight and premature neonates. In this regard, increasing the awareness within health care system and patient, developing the preventive plans and performing rapid diagnostic tests and the implementation of a comprehensive treatment regimen for TB in pregnant women for prevention and treatment is of great importance.