مجله مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 32 (آذر و دی 1394)

Tourism industry has recently been the world's first industry based on income generation and economic growth. The aim of the present study was to examine the attitude of sports and tourism experts about the economic impact of sports tourism on the host community. Research samples are comprised of the specialists in sport and tourism areas. Research tools have been gathered from some parts of the standard questionnaire by Hritz and Ross (2010) that was used only after being confirmed of its validity and reliability (α:0.83). Data from 203 questionnaires returned were analyzed by SPSS V.21 and Amos V.21 software and Bartlett test, KMO index, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used. KMO index and Bartlett test are confirmed using the data distribution for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Exploratory factor analysis also extracted two factor titled “positive effects” and “negative effects”. In order to investigate the most important factors, using the confirmatory factor analysis, the “income and employment enhancement index” and “Pseudo employment during the tourism event after it due to the seasonality of the sports tourism index’’ with a factor loading of 0.86 in the positive effects and negative effects, respectively, are the most important economic effects of sports tourism in host community.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Iran performance in the summer Olympics compared to Asian competitors. Research method is descriptive- analytic and retrospective that researchers tried explain situation of Iran performance without prejudice and use of the available documents, Iranian athletes won medals in 15 period participating at the summer Olympics games (from 1948 until 2012) reviewed and it compared with performance of nine other Asian countries as Iran competitors in the summer Olympic Games. From The most important findings of research the can be noted performance variations in the summer Olympics games, so that the graph of Iran performance is sinusoidal shape and has no stability. Also, wrestling is the best sport of Iran in the summer Olympics games and Weightlifting, taekwondo and track and field have been other disciplines of Iran in summer Olympic Games. Weighted average rating of Iran in summer Olympic Games is 31.07 that showed Iran is as the fifth most powerful country of Asia in summer Olympics after China, Japan, South Korea and Kazakhstan. Generally, it is recommended that the authorities has done measures to development elite sport facilities, identification and development talented athletes and sport management stable, so sent elite athletes to the Olympics and with good results and eventually balance of the Iran performance at the Olympics.

The purpose of this research is to define and develop the criteria for the selection of the head coach of Iran’s national football team and to determine the extent to which such criteria are important. The study consisted of 627 participants who included 379 coaches, 210 players and 38 managers. The research method of this study was of descriptive-survey type and the research tool was a researcher made questionnaire. The content and face validity of the questionnaire was examined and reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficients at (0.87) were estimated.
The Results showed that the selection criteria of the head coach of Iran’s football team from the participants’ point of view include: 1. Technical skills, 2. Personality characteristics, 3. Communication and Social skills, 4. Managerial skills, 5. Personal characteristics, 6. Psychological skills, 7. Coaching vision, 8. Background as coach, 9. Background as football player.

The purpose of this research was investigation effective factors of sport tourism in Isfahan province from sport and tourism experts’ perspective. Methodology of this research was analytical descriptive, which was done by field study. Statistical population included 130 managers and experts of Physical Education offices and 75 managers and experts of Tourism offices. 92 managers and experts of Physical Education offices and 59 Tourism offices subjects were selected. Results showed most important push factor were donor meetings with friend man relatives, most important active factor were quality accommodation facilities, and the most important deterrent factor were Lack of adequate information. Results showed significant difference between expert’s perspectives of sport and tourism regarding push factors and deterrent factors. While, there was no significant difference between two groups about attractive factors. According results of this study, it is recommended authorities as develop push factors and remove deterrent factors, pay more attention to strengthen attractive factors of sport tourism in Isfahan province.

The purpose of this study was the content analysis of the sport part of best seller newspapers in the country. There is a perspective method that performed with content analysis and the data was collected in an attributive and a bookwork methods. The statistic population research, were the 2012 archives of 10 best sellers newspapers in the country. The research method was descriptive-analytic strategy that data was collected through documentary and library. To gather information sheet coding reliability and validity were confirmed. The results show that among 720 newspapers for analyzing, 8778 news have been observed that the most news about football with 60/5% of the news and the news of handball with minimum 2/0% of the news. the news is most of the adult age groups 74/8%, respectively. The least reference to the category of age Middletown was with 0/01%. 3785 news with the image, the majority of the that 65/78 images for football and wrestling as a second sport,7/21% pictures of your dedicated.Therefore, it seems that the literature should respect the sport sector in total audience and their needs, to paying attention to the audiance and their necessity,there must be a general viewpoint to the sports fields and different age categories and gradually from existing templates and stereotypes of potential and from all exercises.

The purpose of this study was developing a strategic planning for scientific sport management association of Iran. This research was an applied research, based on data collection was a field research and Descriptive - Analytic. The statistical population of this research was all sport management specialist of Tehran that was included all masters and PhD Student of State universities and all members of the sport management association. The size of statistical population was 64 Specialists. According to the findings, the vision, mission Statement and Long- term goals were indicated. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats were ranked and used in - Internal & External (IE) Matrix that according to the results, the position of the association was in the Conservative position. According to the results of the - Internal & External (IE) Matrix, SWOT matrix was designed. 10 strategies were obtained from the 4 sections of the - Internal & External (IE) Matrix and finally designed the corporation planning for each strategy.

There has been a significant development in sponsoring role in marketing activities of the various organizations and companies. One of the most important goals of sponsorship is its impact on the loyalty of related people to what has been sponsored. Sport sponsorship is one of the most popular areas of sponsorship due to the growth of the media coverage in this field, and a very large number of people who are involved in these tournaments. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Bank sponsorship and its customer loyalty. In this study, the branches of City Bank in Tehran (2012) were studied. The desired sample included 167 people. Findings of the study confirmed all hypotheses (relationship between dignity structures of event, congruence between sponsor and sponsored property, personal interest in the events, the attitude towards sponsor, honesty of sponsor, and the permanent presence of sponsor with customer loyalty toward Bank).

The aim of this research was to study the competencies of CEOs of sport clubs in Isfahan province. The population and sample were different managerial levels of clubs such as Sepahan, Zob Ahan, Foladmahan and Gitypasand in Isfahan province that were 83 manager. The validity of the researcher made questionnaire was confirmed by 15 experts and professors and the reliability coefficient by using Cronbach alpha which was α = 0.972. The survey questionnaires were distributed to 83 managers in different level of clubs and 91.5 percent of questionnaires were returned back. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to construct validity of questionnaire and repeated measurement and Friedman test was used to determine the priority of dimensions of job competencies: tasks, roles and skills (P=0/05). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the results of confirmatory factor analysis and study of construct validity and the results fit the indexes indicating that the final models were suited and accurate. The results showed that there was significant difference between priority of job competencies including skills (4/21±0/52), roles (4/11±0/55) and tasks (4/06±0/52). At the same time, in this study political skill for the first time was introduced as one of the managerial skills and had the highest mean ranking ,but there was no significant difference between the priority of political skills and conceptual, human and technical skills (sig: 0.075) . Also, there was significant difference between priority of roles such as decisional (4/03±0/67), informational (4/16±0/61), interpersonal roles (4/09±0/56), and also between priority of tasks such as planning (4/20±0/60), Leadership (4/17 ± 0/62), Monitoring (4/02 ± 0/60) and Organizing (3/86 ± 0/58). Thus, high priority of skills between the dimensions of Job competencies indicates the importance of this dimension that with high priority decisional role and planning task can be an basis for selection, appointment and evaluation of CEOs in clubs.

In this article, has been tried to recognize scopes of volunteers’ employment in Sport for All in the first step. In the second step, recognized scopes were prioritized. Research method was descriptive and type of survey. The statistical populations were all the managers and deputies of Tehran municipality sport organization, sport complex managers, physical education managers of 22 districts and members of sport for all strategic council. The statistical sample was equal to the statistical population. Results showed sport volunteers in Tehran city can employed in 4 areas such as sport recreation, organized sport, cooperation in sport complex management and infrastructure identifying sport talents.Also, attending to shortage of Human resources in sport for all, managers prefer to use more volunteers in sport recreation and cooperation in sport complex management. According to results of this article and other researches, recognizing areas of volunteer employment in sport for all in viewpoint of volunteers was suggested.

Intangible assets such as the organizational commitment and self-efficacy have great impact in organizational success or lack of their success in the present century. Hence the purpose of this research was to design relationship model of self-efficacy and organizational commitment at the employees’ ministry of youth and sports. Statistical population of this study included 1000 employees that working at the ministry of youth and sports 1d10001111000äÝÑ ˜ÇÑÔäÇÓæÑÒÔ æ ãÏیÑ. 278 persons were randomly selected of research samples. To achieve the research goals, MLQAllen& Meyer's Organizational Commitment questionnaire, [3] and Scherer public self-efficiency were used. ÑæÇیی åÑ Ïæ ÑÓÔäÇãå Èå ÊÇییÏValidity of two questionnaires15 was confirmed by 15äÝÑ ÇÒ experts and their reliability were studied 30in ãÊÎÕÕیä ÑÓیÏ æ ÇیÇیی ÂäåÇ ÏÑ ی˜ ãØÇáÚå ãÞÏãÇÊی Èina pilot study with 30 äÝÑ ÂÒãæÏäی ãæÑÏ ÈÑÑÓی ÞÑÇÑ ÑÝÊ æ ÇیÇیی ÂäåÇ Èå ÊÑÊیÈ subjects and calculated as 0. 89, and 0. 9æ ãÍÇÓÈå Ô respectively. For data analysis the descriptive statistics andåÇی ÂãÇÑ ÇÓÊäÈÇØی ÇÒ Ìãáå inferential statistics methods, including˜áãæÑæÝ Kolmogorov– ÇÓãیÑäæÝSmirnov¡ t, Single sample T –ÇÓÊæÏäÊ Ê˜ äãstudentÇی¡ ÊÌÒیå æ ÊÍáیá æÇÑیÇäÓ ی˜ØÑÝå¡ LSD, factor analysis, Prison coefficient and path analysis were used and for determination of the causal relationship between variables the method of structural equations model by application of Amos graphics software and SPSS ÇÓÊÝÇÏå ÔÏwas used. Research findings. یÇÝÊåRes showed that self-efficacy has an impact on organizational commitment at the ministry of youth and sports. Also continuance commitment, normative commitment, and affective commitment have the most roles in relationship between self-efficacy and organizational commitment.