نشریه اسلام و پژوهش های مدیریتی
سال پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 11، پاییز و زمستان 1394)

In any organization or institution, the achievement of continuous improvement in the system is a matter of concern to top managers, and this can be very costly. The reason for this concern anxiety is ascribed to environmental changes and the new needs of addressees. Two paradigms; mechanical and organic are proposed for coping with this anxiety. Most designers and engineers of administrative systems consider the way of reforming and modernizing the organizations as an organic paradigm, and in its high level, as the theory of ‘’learning organizations’’. Using an analytical-logical method, this paper provides a critique of two paradigms based on library sources and direct observation. The finding of the research shows that the emphasis of some managers on the necessity of making changes in organizations through having good order in learning organization is not justified, and basically the necessity of selecting a mechanical or organic management model is grounded on the sophistry of ‘’non-compiled’’.

Nowadays, ‘’spiritual asset’’, which is considered one of the most important types of organizational assets is viewed from different aspects and different views are have been presented on it. Some deal with the personal aspect of this kind of asset in the form of ‘’spiritual intelligence’’, others consider its organizational aspects; still others notice its role in the improvement of economic, social and cultural variables. Whenever the deeper meaning of life is achieved and the way of living is improved by establishing the solidarity and consistency of the different aspects of life then, the asset is considered intellectual. Using a logical method, the paper seeks, through an analytical study and combination of the literature of ‘’intellectual asset’’ with Qur’anic teachings, to investigate the concept of ‘’intellectual capital’’ in organizations on basis of Qur’anic teachings, and explore the grounds of its formation in organizations and its final aim establish and develope this kind of asset. The findings of this research show that there is a double relationship between economic assets and spiritual assets, and that “understanding the meaning of life and aim of creation” and ‘’the spiritual correlation between the staff members” are among the main elements of spiritual asset, and one of its practical forms is represented in helping people.

Salvation grounded on faith, good deeds and servanthood of God are the aim of the creation of man. Prayer is the most important righteous act and the pillar of acts of worship. Performing prayer, in the sense that’’ prayer is performed by observing its conditions’’ has various effects on those who perform prayers, including the cognitive, ideological, devotional, spiritual, emotional, mental, moral, behavioral, biological, sanitary, social, cultural, economic and political aspects of their life. Therefore, performing prayer, whether individually or Jama’at(in a group), inside or outside of the organization has great effect on the ‘’ organizational life’’ and also the ‘’organizational behavior’’ of personals, an issue which researchers investigate under the headings of the social, cultural, economic, political and official effects of prayer. Also, performing prayer has special effect on ‘’organizational change’’ and it contributes to its occurance, an issue which has not been given due attention. Doing research on the effect of erecting prayer on organizational behavior and defining its role in the organizational change can encourage the agents of organizational change to disseminate the idea performing prayers and deepen the culture of praying. Thus, it will be possible to make use of the positive effects of prayer on organizational behavior and pave the way for an organizational change. The present paper focuses on the role of erecting prayer in organizational change. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this paper makes a theoretical study an Islamic teaching, to investigate the role of Erecting prayer in organizational change.

‘’Policy-making’’ refers to the science of actions adopted by governments. After a period of enormous changes in universities and research centers, this new field of study was recognized as a scientific-research field. The true religion of Islam has considered its different dimensions long ago. The present paper aims to investigate the dimensions of public policy-making from the Islamic viewpoint. Resting on the literature of the subject matter, the paper first offers definitions of ‘’public policy-making’’ and ‘’decision making’’, and then reviews the individual and organizational approaches to policy-making. The findings of the present paper present a pattern which can foster a relationship between two main principles; ‘’decision-making’’, which corresponds to counseling and, ‘’trust in God ’’ according to Islam on the basis of two approaches: individual and organizational.

The aim of this research is to explain the dimensions and components of supervision of activities public organizations’ personnel based on the criteria proposed by Muslim scientists. Using a descriptive method, this paper performs this survey. Concerning its purpose, it is regards as a ‘’developmental-applied’’ research. The data is collected through a combination of library-based study and field study, by means of documentary investigation, interviewing and circulating a questionnaire. The population sample of this research consists of people who are experts in this field in an attempt to test the model. ‘’Snowball’’ was used for the sampling. A ‘’descriptive and inferential’’ statistics (test of Friedman’s multi comparisons) was used for analyzing the data. The survey results obtained from the questionnaire show that this model is approved by the experts. Summing up the main points and necessary modification, the paper shows a conceptual model for supervising the performance of public organizations’ personnel based on the criteria proposed by Muslim scientists including 24 components having the form of 4 dimensions.

Given the differences between the information sources of the Value system of the West and those of Islam and showing a decision-making pattern according to Islamic value system, this research aims to investigate the role of intellect, intuition and revelation in decision-making system. Therefore after defining ‘’decision-making’’, the axiological systems of the West and Islam and their information sources are reviewed. Referring to the principles of Islamic value system and information, sources of intellect, revelation, sense and intuition, the paper shows an Islamic decision-making pattern. After consulting experts and correcting the mistakes, the mentioned model has been approved by 20 experts. The results show that in the Value system of Islam, ‘’revelation’’ as the main information source comes first, then comes ‘’intuition’’, ‘’intellect’’ and finally experiment. In the Value system of Islam these information sources are recognised, and experts and Muslim scholars rely on observation of perceptible things, experiment, reasoning and finally intellection, verve and mystical intuition, and they also manifest the correlation of the degrees of existence by using every possible means.