Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Jun 2015

Relatively little is known about the relationship between religion and abstinence. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between religious beliefs and behaviors and the intention of premarital sexual abstinence among Iranian youths.
The current study was a cross-sectional one carried out among youths of five universities in Shiraz, Iran. 577 participants were selected through stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered using a researcher-developed questionnaire including three sections: demographic characteristics, religious behaviors, and religious beliefs. The reliability of questionnaire was calculated with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α=0.82) and, test-retest method through Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC=0.88). Validity was verified with Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) by means of expert reviews.
A significantly positive correlation was found between religious behaviors and intention of premarital sexual abstinence (P The current study concluded that with the increase in religious beliefs and behaviors, the intention of premarital sexual abstinence was enhanced. Therefore, health educators and policy-makers should integrate religion and religious beliefs in their educational programs as one of the main components of health-related programs especially sexual affairs, according to the important role of religion in preventing and controlling premarital sexual intercourse

Patients experience moderate to high level of anxiety before cardiac catheterization. This study aimed to investigate the effect of voice of Quran on anxiety before cardiac catheterization.
In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were conveniently sampled and randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, patients received 18 minutes of voice of Quran, whereas in the control group, patients had 18 minutes of rest in bed. The level of anxiety was measured immediately before, and immediately after the study using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
Before the study, there was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of the mean score of state and trait anxiety as well as the mean scores of total STAI. However, after the study, the mean scores of state and trait anxiety as well as the mean scores of total STAI in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group.
The findings of the study demonstrated that the voice of Quran can significantly improve patients’ anxiety before cardiac catheterization.

Although mild stress can bring vitality and dynamics into life, excessive stress can result in physical and psychological illnesses. Scientific achievements have failed to take an effective step in controlling stress. One of the most effective factors on stress is religion and religious beliefs. The purpose of the present study was to determine mental health and stress-coping strategies in memorizers of Quran in Kashmar in 2013.
In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, memorizers of Quran in Kashmar were selected by convenience sampling method. Upon giving informed consent for participation in the study, they completed a set of questionnaires including the demographic form, GHQ28 and CISS. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software (V:16) at the significance level of p The memorizers of Quran had high mental health and the stress -copying strategies, which they employed included emotional, problem solving, and avoidance, respectively.
According to the results, one of the best and most reliable ways for maintaining and improving mental health includes the spiritual medium of Holy Quran.

Medical errors are unintentional acts that take place due to the negligence or lead to undesirable consequences in medical practice. The purpose of this study was to design a conceptual model for medical error reporting system.
This applied descriptive cross-sectional research employed Delphi method carried out from 2012 to 2013. The study population was medical and paramedical personnel of health workers and paramedical personnel of hospitals, deputy of treatment, faculty members of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in addition to the internet and library resources. Sample size included 30 expert individuals in the field of medical errors. The one-stage stratified sampling procedure was used. The items with opposition ranging 0 to 25 were confirmed and those exceeding 50 were rejected whereas the items with the opposition 25 to 50 were reevaluated in the second session. This process continued for three times and the items that failed to be approved were eliminated in the model.
Based on the results of this research, repeated informing about and reporting operation at on-line bases that have access to the incidence of error detected on time, identifying cause and damage due to the incidence reported confidential and anonymously immediately after the occurrence is necessary. Analysis of data quantitatively and qualitatively by using computer software is needed. Classifying the errors reports based on feedback provision according to the cause of error is needed. In addition, confidential report and possible manual retrieval were suggested
It is essential to determine the means of reporting and items in the reporting form including time, cause and damage of medical error, media of reporting and method of recording and analysis.

Toriyeh means concealing real intention of speech using its parallel and common words so that the listener constructs from speaker's speech a meaning what he/she meant. The purpose of this research is studying jurisprudential dimensions of toriyeh in order to clarify its distinction from lying and related jurisprudential commandments by explanation of the most important discussions about toriyeh.
This research was conducted via library method using verses, narratives, jurisprudence sources and decrees by religious authorities.
two types of Second type: the speaker`s intention is the outward meaning but the listener misunderstands due to his mental moods. Some of the contemporaries regard the first type as forbidden and they regard the second type to allowable
Toriyeh is not equivalent in the meaning with lying and jurists have mentioned narrative-based reasons to prove it. Therefore, in cases of emergency in which man is allowable to tell lie for removing inevitable loss he should use toriyeh as much as possible, and not tell a lie. Of course, toriyeh in the first sense is permissible and if a forbidden thing is conformed to it as a subordinate, it will lose its legality.