نشریه تحقیقات اطلاع رسانی و کتابخانه های عمومی
پیاپی 83 (زمستان 1394)

With increase in the sales of goods and services via the internet and the widespread deployment of electronic commerce, issue of trust in e-commerce has become a vital element. The purpose of this research is to study the impact of uncertainty avoidance on students trust considering the meditational role of the student's perceptions in book online shopping.
Validity was accepted by factor analysis and reliability was evaluated and accepted by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0/79 > 0/7). This research applied by Survey method and sampling was implemented by convenience sampling method with proportionate stratified technique. 384 questionnaires were collected from the students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 1391-92 years, as a sample size. For data analysis, we used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via PLS 2.
Findings: Findings showed that the “uncertainty avoidance” had not significant effect on student’s “trust”. However, “Student's perception” about “corporation size” and “privacy protection” had significant effect on student’s “trust”.
Originality/Value: We showed that for enhancement of trust among Iranian students, one most to diffuse significant signs of privacy protection and give their goods in large scale salesroom.

Organizational commitment can be explained by the quality of services provided by the staff. Thus, the study of the factors affecting the organizational commitment in Libraries can help us to have a managerial view about quality of services. Psychological contract is a new concept that hypothetically has a significant effect on organizational commitment. This study aimed to determine the effect of psychological contracts and organizational trust on organizational commitment of librarians in public libraries of Kerman Province.
This research was applied by means of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) as a statistical method. The study population consisted of all librarians who are working in public libraries in Kerman province. According to Cochran formula, sample of 120 participants selected and randomized based on cluster sampling. 3 questionnaires were used to collect information about organizational commitment, organizational trust and psychological contracts. The obtained data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling with PLS 2 software.
Findings: Findings firstly indicated that the research model had a good fit, and secondly, all direct and indirect routes except direct route between organizational commitment and psychological contracts were approved (Pvalue

This paper tried to identify and determine nine factors in EFQM Business Excellence Model for public libraries of Khuzestan province as pilot study of public libraries in Iran. Results could provide appropriate and applicable model for the evaluation of quality services in these libraries.
This research was performed with the mixed method structure (in two qualitative and quantitative phases) and Delphi study and survey method was used for implementation. Research population included: Delphi panel members (9 experts in public libraries) and Khuzestan province public libraries’ managers (93 persons). Delphi panel tool used in order to determine and extract measures and questionnaire which gained from Delphi panel was used in order to investigate managers’ viewpoints. Factor Score Regression with Bootstrap-p method used in AMOS v. 21 to analyze the data.
Findings: Results showed that overall structure of Business Excellence Model for Khuzestan public libraries was similar with 2013 version of EFQM but, noticeable changes were made in the scores of these nine measures. On the basis of results, scores of measures namely “processes”, “products and services”, “customer” and “society” increased. Also, “leadership”, “partnership & resources”, “strategy”, “stuff results” and “business results” decreased and “people” criteria did not changed.
Originality/Value: In this research, we tried to re-examine the EFQM measures to coordinate them with Iran public libraries in Khuzestan Province. By means of the extracted scores, managers potentially have a tool for the evaluation of the public libraries services.

The purpose of the present article is the Investigation on the relationship between organizational culture and quality of services in the libraries affiliated to Iran Public Libraries Foundation in the Mashhad city.
This research was based on survey research method. The populations under question include employees and users of Mashhad city public libraries. For the extraction of significant results, this research carried out in the libraries with more than 3 librarians. Thus, According to the information received from the Department of Public Libraries of Mashhad city, 16 libraries were selected. These libraries have 56 employees that all of them formed the sample with by considering census method sampling. Among the users, due to its large population, we used stratified – random sampling and based on Krejcie & Morgan, we selected 379 users as sample. The research data was collected with two standard questionnaires. To this end, we used organizational culture questionnaire based on Denison Model and quality of services questionnaire based on Libqual Model.
Findings: The results indicated that although organizational culture score was further than dead line, but the public libraries organizational culture was far from ideal. Based on the research findings, all traits of Denison Organizational Culture Model except “Empowerment” (Involvement, Adaptability, Consistency and Mission), had low average. Towards the quality of services in public libraries, scores of dimensions of “affect of service” and “library as place” were above average and score of dimension of “information control” had low average. However, findings indicated that from user perspective, there was a meaningful difference between services offered and services expected. Based on the averages, offered services were lower than services expected. Furthermore, results showed that there was not meaningful relationship between traits of organizational culture and dimensions of quality of services. The only correlation was a inverse relationship between trait of “consistency” and dimension of “information control and quality of services”.
Originality/Value: this research tried as a preliminary research to investigate the correlation between organizational culture and quality of services in public libraries of Iran. With regard to the results, this research originally indicated that the organizational culture was not penetrated in the services offered with public libraries.

This research aims at the investigation of the application of learning organization elements in public libraries of Khuzestan province.
Survey method was used for implementation of this research. The population included 200 employees of public libraries of Khuzestan province in Iran, who had Associate, bachelor and master academic degree. Questionnaire of the research extracted from the elements of Peter Senge model and used as a data collection tool. The descriptive and analytical statistics such as single t-test, independent t-test, and F test used to analyze collected data.
Findings: The results showed that the rate of the application of the learning organization elements in public libraries of Khuzestan province was under dead line. Among all learning organization elements, it was just “vision” element that been over the number 3 as the average number. Also, there is not a significant difference between the kind of the education degree, the kind of discipline, the kind of responsibility, and the sexuality of the sample population and the application of the learning organization elements.
Originality/Value: Today, with the ongoing application of information technologies, public libraries have faced with major changes. In such a situation, public libraries need to be a learning organization. In this paper, we addressed the assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of public libraries to become a learning organization.

This Study aims at the Investigation of the Relationship between Library Anxiety and Computer Attitude (CAS Model) Of Dezful Public Libraries’ Users.
This research has been done using analytical survey method. Research sample was 370 users that selected randomly from all 10757 users of public libraries of Dezful. Number of sample size calculated using Morgan table. We used two questionnaires (Bostick, 1992 for Library Anxiety and Loyd and Gressard, 1984 for Computer Attitude Scale) for gathering data.
Findings: Results showed that based on Library Anxiety Criteria “Felling of uncomforting with the library” (Mean=4.41) was the important anxious component. Based on Friedman variance analysis for computer attitude, results showed that “computer usefulness” (Mean=3.06) was the most important component and “computer anxiety” (mean=1.84) was the least important one, and both library anxiety and computer attitude scale did not have differential correlation with age, sex, and literacy (based on t-test and ANOVA test). Finally, results showed that “library anxiety” had correlation (Sig. = 0.001) with “computer attitude” scale and thus, “computer attitude” was a strong predictor of the library anxiety.
Originality/Value: on the basis of suggestions raised from this research, librarians should concentrate on the perceptions of users about computer use and making convenience in the use of computer to lessen library anxiety.

This study aimed at the investigation of the attitudes of public librarians in Fars Province towards the content-base and process-base factors affecting their motivations.
The survey method was used for the implementation of research. The statistical population included 227 public librarians in Fars province, Iran. According to Morganۥs table and through single-step cluster random sampling, 144 librarians were selected. Motivation factors questionnaire, constructed by Izadi (2011) was used as the research tool. Data was analyzed through t-test and ANOVA test.
Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between content-base and process-base factors affecting motivations of public librarians. Also, results indicated that the factors affecting the content of the librarian's motivation were “hygiene factors”, “z theory factors”, “hierarchy of needs”, “esteem needs” and so forth. Again, factors affecting the process of the librarian’s motivation included: “embrace attribution factors”, “theory of equality factors”, “goal setting and value - expected at a time”, “reinforcement and social learning at a time”, and the “cognitive evaluation”.
Originality/Value: Each group of librarians in the different contexts, situations, and locations has their own motivational elements that should be noticed. This research introduced Fars province public librarians motivational factors and one can concentrate to this elements to increase the motivation.

This research aimed at the investigation of the readability level of 100 prominent authored fiction books for B, C, and D age groups, selected by Children's Book Council of Iran as an official institute for labeling and assigning level of children’s books in Iran.
Evaluative research method was used for the implementation of this research. Research population consisted of 100 authored books, selected as “prominent” by the Council. Flesch/Dayani and Gunning/Dayani formulas were used as evaluative tools.
Findings: Results indicated that on the basis of scores extracted from Flesch/Dayani formula, 54/76 percent of the books correctly labeled by the Council as B, C and D. Again, Results showed that on the basis of Gunning/Dayani formula, 45/24 percent of the books correctly labeled by Council as B, C and D and 44/76 percent of the books have not been labeled correctly.
Originality/Value: We tried in this research to evaluate the act of labeling books, implemented by “Children’s Book Council” and the result of such an evaluation was some corrections in the formulas