فصلنامه پژوهشهای زراعی در حاشیه کویر
سال یازدهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1393)

In order to investigate the effects of mycorhiza fertilizer and to reduce chemical fertilizer on yield components of corn, an experiment was conducted on Robat Karim region farm during 2014-2015. The experiment was carried out using factorial design in randomized complete block with three replications. The first factor was different levels of phosphor fertilizer consist of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and Second factor was consist of do not use of mycorhiza fertilizer (control), 60 kg.ha, 120 kg.ha. Results variance analysis showed that grain yield, 1000 grain weight , Number of grain per row cob, grain on in ear row was significant. The most of grain yield and number of grain per row was in treatment of 50% phosphor fertilizer and 60kg.ha mycorhiza and least of treatment was obtain in control and 25% phosphor fertilizer. The most of number of grain per row was obtain in treatment of 120kg.ha mycorhiza and 50% phosphor fertilizer. Therefore it is recommended that for better efficiency and reduced consumption of phosphate fertilizer soil mineral elements, 50 percent of phosphate fertilizer recommendations and the application of 60 kg. ha mycorrhiza was used in planting corn.

In order to study the effects of organic fertilizers and biological growth characteristics, and quantitative and qualitative performance lemon balm herbs factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and 3 replications has done in the 1393 crop year in Mahmud Abad city in the Mazandaran province .Thefirst factor in the 3 levels of use of sheep manure at 5 and 10 tonnes per hectare and the use, or control, of the second factor at four levels of bacteria Azotobacter and B. respectively from the strains (chrococcum and pobilis), combining bacteria and consumption respectively.The results showed that the use of biological fertilizers and manure to Root length, root Weight, root volume, root dry weight, essential oil, Oil yield and Total dry weight than the control treatment and the most effective combination of sheep manure and bacteria to increase yield were studied. Sheep manure and bacteria interactions revealed that the highest elevation in the treatment of bacteria with an average consumption of 10 tons and the combination of the average 43.66 cm and the lowest average 24 cm in the treatment of non-use of sheep manure and bacteria, respectively.Using a combination of bio-fertilizer and animal treatment, leads to an increase of 55 percent compared to other control, that is total dry weight of the plant.

In order to evaluate the effect of auxin and gibberellic acid priming on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in terms of soil salinity project in the laboratory and greenhouse Shnasy- Physiology, Islamic Azad University of Varamin rector in 1393 was performed. Plan factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications and 48 treatments were performed. The factors studied included hormone actions (lack of hormones, 50 ppm auxin, 50 ppm gibberellic acid, 25 ppm and 25 ppm gibberellic acid auxin) and salinity concentrations (0, 30, 60, 90 mM NaCl) was. In the house the best treatment of the interaction of auxin foliar application of 25 ppm with 25 ppm gibberellic acid in the absence of stress, so that in these conditions the maximum yield was 325 grams per square meter and the same minimum yield due to lack of hormone treatment with 90 mM NaCl salinity, which amounted to 113 grams per square meter, respectively. Most proline micromoles per gram fresh weight of leaf by leaf 7/60 in 90 mM NaCl, with no spraying and the lowest 5.25 micromoles per gram fresh weight of leaf leaf proline to the use of 25 ppm and 25ppm GA in terms of auxin lack of salinity (zero mM NaCl) was obtained. Most of the water content relative to the amountof 7/62 of the treatment of stress (zero mM NaCl) with 25 ppm and 25 ppm auxin and gibberellic least 9/37 of the water content of the nonapplication of maximum salt spray of the hormone in the 90 mM, respectively. The main effects and interaction of salinity and hormonal priming at 1 and 5 percent on grain yield, total chlorophyll content, relative water content, proline and electrical conductivity were significant. In this experiment, it was found that with increasing salinity levels remain functional attributes of pits chlorophyll and relative water content decreased also in part due to the actions of hormones sprayed incur bean plant was under stress.

In order to evaluation of effect of nitrogen levels, cultivator and simultaneous cropping on yield and yield components of corn. A factorial randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Urea manure levels [N0= without urea (Control), N1= 150 Kg ha-1 of urea, N2= 300 Kg ha-1 of urea) and simultaneous cropping treatment, (S1= cultivation of corn, S2= cultivation of corn cultivator application, S3= cultivation of corn cultivator application soybean, S4= cultivation of corn cultivator application cowpea, S5= cultivation of corn cultivator application alfalfa) were assigned in plots. Each sub plot consisted of 4 rows, 6 m long with 60 cm between rows space and 20 cm betweenplants on the rows and S.C 704 hybrid was used. The result have shown that the interaction effect of urea levels and simultaneous cropping cultivator application treatment was significant on weight of thousand grains, weight of cob and husk, number of grain per row, grain yield, number of green leaf and plant height. The maximum and minimum of grain yield (6342.33 and 2009 kg ha-1) were obtained with the cultivation of corn 150 Kg ha- 1 of urea and cultivation of corn 0 Kg ha-1 of urea manure, respectively. The highest and lowest of number of grain per row (42.79 and 27.16) were obtained with the (cultivation of corn cowpea cultivator application 150 Kg ha-1 of urea) and (cultivation of corn 0 Kg ha-1 of urea manure), too. It seems that supply of plant nutrients to produce of quantity and quality yield is importance. In this experiment, sustainable consumption of nitrogen and the absence of competition between species by using cultivator and remove legumes plants, were obtained the best results.

Chamomile is one of the most important medicinal plants known to Human And due to its increasing use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, hygiene, perfumery and flavoring preparation of food isvery important. Soil salinity is one of the main barriers and constraints in the production of agricultural, such as medicinal plants is optimal. Ascorbic acid is a powerful antioxidant compounds that can reduce the effects of salinity on plants. In order to, test in the form of split plot in a randomized complete block design, in the city ofValley City in 1390 with three replications. Test parameters include salinity of Irrigation water, with 3 levels (0, 50 and 100 mM) and ascorbic acid with 3 levels (0, 5 and 10 mM). The results showed that increasing salinity decreased height, biomass, dried flowers and seed yield, but the yield was significantly increased intake of ascorbic acid. Interaction of ascorbic acid and salt on the dried flowers was significant. The most of dried flowers Yield in salinity of 0 mM and 10 mM ascorbic acid, the amount of 1,123 kg per hectare. The results of this study indicate the beneficial effects of ascorbic acid to reduce the harmful effects of salinity on the quantitative Yield of German chamomile herb.

This study was carried out to assess effect of foliar application of putrescine on biochemical enzymes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L .var sw _82_9) under water deficit stress as split factorial experiment with complete randomized block design ,four treatment and three replication of putrescine on a farm at Islamic Azad University, Varamin branch at 2014. Main plots were including four irrigation treatments (Normal irrigation, irrigation withholding at stem elongation stage, irrigation with holding at flowering stage and irrigation withholding at seed filling period stage) and in sub plot units putrescine was used at three concentrations (0, 150 and 300 ppm).Results showed that the highest SOD and thelowest SOD and CAT activities belonged to irrigation withholding at seed filling period stage and normal irrigation ,respectively(P

To study the effects of micronutrient concentrations of iron and zinc on maize (Zea maysL.) KSC 260 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications Education - Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Varamin -Pyshva was conducted in July 1392. First of iron sulphate fertilizer at three levels (zero, two, four thousand liters) and the second zinc sulfate fertilizer at three levels (zero, four, eight per liter) is sprayed in two steps (first eight-leaf stage and secondly tassel emergence) was performed. The results showed that the interaction between the treatment of iron concentration on four thousand and four hundred on a test characteristics and biological function of the average 24856.3 (Kg.ha), with an average yield of 9496.5 (Kg.ha), with an average of 9.06 percent protein performance fibers with an average 860.4 (Kg.ha), with an average of 38.72% and harvest index (LAI), with a mean value of 6.27 compared to the control (non-use spray), giving the greatest impact on corn (Zea mays L. ) KSC 260 is in Varamin.

In order to determine the best irrigation and plant density on yield and yield components of hybrid maize Karun plot experiment in a randomized complete block design with three levels of irrigation (watering 1-70 mm evaporation from pan 2. 90 mm evaporation irrigation of 110 mm evaporation from evaporation pan 3) as the main treatment and four densities (9-8-7-6 per square meter) as sub-plots withthree replications with three replications was conducted in 2014. The results showed that the number of kernels per row irrigation, seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, plant height, harvest index, leaf area index, number of rows per ear and ear length had a significant effect. The effect of density on row number, grain weight, yield, biological yield, plant height, harvest index, leaf area index, number of rows per ear and ear length was significant. The highest average grain yield 9756 kg per hectare to eight plants per square meter density belonged to 70 mm evaporation statistically with a density of eight plants per square meter with 90 mm evaporation was analyzed in a group and the lowest with an average of 6393 kg per hectare the density per square meter, with 110 mm evaporation which were not. According to the results, it is suggested to avoid the loss of irrigation water saving of 90 mm evaporation is used.