مجله تحقیقات سلامت در جامعه
سال یکم شماره 4 (زمستان 1394)

Introduction and Purpose:

Nowadays, the air quality in many major cities is one of the most important environmental problems that seriously compromises the health of residents and causes a range of acute and chronic health effects. Therefore, this study was aimed to quantify and estimate the health effects related to the pollutants NO2 and O3 in metropolis of Tehran in 2014 was done by AirQ model.

Data acquired were collected from the environmental organization and the center of air quality control in Tehran. This data were analyzed by Microsoft Excel software, and the processed data was entered AirQ model. The relative risk, baseline incidence and the attributed proportion was estimated and the overall results in case of mortality and morbidity were presented in tables and graphs.

The results showed that the average annual concentration of NO2 and O3 in Tehran, was respectively 130 and 64 μg/m3. According to the results with baseline incidence of 543.5 per 100,000, the total cumulative number of mortalities attributed to nitrogen dioxide and ozone, were estimated respectively to be 1593 and 946, that included about 2.66% and 1.58% of total mortalities except traffic accidents in Tehran.

Our results showed that the level of air pollution has increased in Tehran, which requires more attention of authorities and policy makers to control the air pollution.

Introduction and Purpose:

Noise pollution is one of the important environmental problems that has been on a growing trend in the recent years. This study was conducted to evaluate the level of noise pollution in Omidiyeh city, Iran.

Testo 815 sound level meter was employed to quantify the sound pressure level (SPL). The measurements were conducted during 7-9 am, 12- 14 am, and 19-21 pm, at three locations (one station in each of commercial, residential, and commercial-residential areas), and the results were compared with the standard level of noise pollution.

The results indicated that the SPL at all the specified times and areas were higher than the standard level. The mean SPL in commercial, residential, and commercial-residential areas were 72.86, 67.36, and 61.71 dB, respectively, which were 7.86, 7.36, and 6.71 dB higher than the standards of noise in the open air.

This study showed that the SPL was higher than standard level, Therefor new approaches should be implemented to reduce the level of noise pollution.

Present research was performed to study the relationship between workaholism and organizational silence with job burnout among employees of Mazandaran medical science university.

Research method is descriptive correlative and statistical population were all 1394 employees of Mazandaran medical science university in year 2014. According to Kerjecie-Morgan table by stratified random sampling method ( in terms of faculties), 302 employees were selected. Data collection tools were questionnaires of Spence and Robbins Workaholism (1992), Hashooshian Organizational silence(2013),and Maslach and Jackson Burnout (1981). Regarding alpha Cronbach calculation ,questionnaire´s reliability was acquired 0.77 (workaholism) ,0.86( organizational silence), 0.87( job burnout) which shows the questionnare´s suitable reliability. Data were analyzed by descriptive(frequency and percentages,histograms,mean and standard deviation) and inferential (pearsons correlation coefficient test and regression analysis) statistics methods according to SPSS 20 software.

29.6% of employees job burnout is predictable through variables of organizational silence and workaholism.

there is negative significant relation between employees ´workaholism and job burnout. Also, there is positive significant relation between employees organizational silence and job burnout

Introduction and Purpose:

Discharge of the wastewater containing reactive dyes into water resources can have detrimental effects on the environment and to the human health due to their carcinogenic, mutagenic, and toxic nature. The present study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of rosewater waste in removal of reactive blue 19 dye from aqueous solutions.

In this experimental study, the effects of various application parameters including pH (4-10), initial concentration of dye (25 and 50 mg/L), contact time (15-180 minutes), and adsorbent dosage (0.2-0.6 g/L) were examined.

Maximum capacity of rosewater waste was 5.16 mg/g (pH: 4, contact time: 180 minutes, and adsorbent dosage: 0.4 g/L). Additionally, the model demonstrated that the absorption was more congruent with Freundlich absorption model (R2=0.985) than Langmuir (R2=0.903).

It is concluded that rosewater waste could effectively remove reactive blue 19 dye from aqueous solutions and textile industry effluent.

Introduction and Purpose:

Accidents are the first cause of death in children under 5 years, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to determination the effect of Educational intervention on promotion of prevention behaviors of home accidents in mothers with children less than 5 year in Joibar city based on protection motivation theory (PMT) in 2015.

In this controlled interventional study 190 mothers with children less than 5 year were participated (95 in case group and 95 incontrol group).The data collection toolwas researcher made questionnaire based on the structures of protection motivation theory.After done pre-test and the results obtained from it, appropriate educational intervention designed and was conducted only in case group. Then two months after the educational intervention,evaluation was done and data into SPSS 20software and by using statistical testsT-test¡ Paired T test ¡ chi _square¡ Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis was analyzed.

Statistically significant difference was found between mean scores of all structures of PMTin the case and control groups after the educational intervention, so that in all cases in the case group was better than control group (p0.05).

The results of this study showed that PMT can be used as a framework in designing educational programs in order to promotion of prevention behaviors of home accidents in mothers with children less than 5 year.

Introduction and Purpose:

Evaluation of performance quality plays an important role in client satisfaction, especially in hospitals as healthcare providers. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the quality of performance of Rajaee Hospital in Tonekabon, Iran.

This descriptive survey was performed in 225 of the staff of Shahid Rajaee Hospital during 2015. The samples were randomly chosen according to Krejcie and Morgan’s table. Performance quality was evaluated using the standard checklist of Malcolm Baldrige model. To analyze the data, one-sample t-test and Friedman test were run, using SPSS 18.

The total score of Shahid Rajaee Hospital in terms of performance quality was above par (616.482 out of 1010). The "standard of results" was in the first rank of Malcolm Baldrige model and "focus on human resources" ranked last in that model.

Although the performance quality was above average, shortcoming in terms of factors associated with market and clients accentuates the importance of planning and focusing on improving the factors affecting the quality of performance.

Introduction and Purpose:

Production of large quantities of sludge is a major problem in wastewater treatment plants, which necessitates adopting proper economical and environmental approaches for its management and treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polyacrylamide polymer, modified with aluminum oxide nanoparticles, on dewatering of sludge produced from municipal wastewater treatment.

In-vitro preparation and dewatering of sludge by combination of polyacrylamide activated with aluminum oxide nanoparticles were carried out in two main steps of determination of pH and optimal dose of activated coagulant aid. For measuring sludge dewatering capability, tests of time of filtration (TTF), sludge cake moisture content, turbidity, and total suspended solids of effluent from sludge cake filtration were evaluated.

Modified coagulant aid with aluminum oxide nanoparticles in optimum pH and concentrations of 5 and 4 mg/l, respectively, had the best efficiency and was more suitable than a primary coagulant without any modification. The levels of TTF, sludge cake moisture, turbidity, and total suspended solids of effluent reduced 24.4%, 11.2%, 57.2%, and 58%, respectively, in comparison with the control group.

The results showed that polyacrylamide coagulant aid modified with aluminum oxide nanoparticles could be appropriate for sludge dewatering. Therefore, it can be employed as an alternative coagulant aid for sludge dewatering.

Introduction and Purpose:

Foods frying in oil is one of the common methods of heating methods used in cooking. During the Frying process, oil oxidation occurs more than safe extent and it might cause production of hydro peroxides and volatile compounds, such as aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids and other undesirable chemicals. The aim of this study was to determine the peroxide value of oils used in
confectioneries in the Damghan during spring 2015.

In this cross-sectional study, sampling was obtained from all of Damghan confectioneries (32 samples). Sampling was done in the moment that oil reached to the highest temperature. Method of sampling was according to protocol No. 493 by the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran.

Among 32 cases, 24 (40%) and 15 (25%) liquid oil samples were pre- and post-heating safe to be used while 9 other samples (15%) were unusable after the first use, so there was significant difference between the frequency of usable and unusable oils in the studied samples.

Our results showed that the levels of peroxide production in oil used in the confectioneries of Damghan were higher than safe threshold. So training the staff of confectionaries about the appropriate procedures for cooking and frying of sweets
are essential.