نشریه پژوهش های ادبی و بلاغی
سال سوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 12، پاییز 1394)

Analyzing literary works from various perspectives can shed lights upon the different aspects of the structural, technical and semantic merits of every piece in a systematic method based on scientific methods. Hermeneutic studies have now become one of the illuminating methods for the discovery of hidden dimensions in the meaning of literary texts. Such studies seek to get the meaning through the recognition of the intention of the author regarding the temporal, local and historical context in which the text is formed. The present paper studies a specimen of secretive and symbolic texts in Persian literature i.e. the story of Joseph’s Guest in Mowlavi’s Masnavi. Within this framework, the study seeks to discover the author’s intention in choosing the elements in the story. Like other poems in Msnavi Ma’navi, this story contains hidden layers and symbolic usage of different concepts as well as overt and covert hints to Mowlavi’s ideas about the world and man. The paper tries to extract some of these concepts. To this end, it considers the elements of the story while comparing Mowlana’s ideas with those of Plato and presents a symbolic interpretation of the story based on the philosophical hermeneutics. The study indicates that the use of some words and concepts such as afagh (horizons) in Mowlavi’s poetry can be indicative of this Platonic attitude in Mowlavi and a hint to the journey of wayfarer. Also, the keyword ayenh (mirror) which reflects only a shadow of truth could have been used with the same intention.

Alasmar jewelry chain story collection is written with the technique, one of the most outstanding features of this complex story. This effect, sometimes a collection of interconnected stories is to separate all consecutive nights, the narrator recounts. The subtitle of the story, unlike the book, the story does not reach 40, but "parrot", 100 tells the story for 52 nights. Most of these stories are tales a speech during the main story and in terms of content close to it.JAVAHER ALASMAR tales are exactly like Aesop's Fables, legends of Lafontaine, divine letter Attar, and other writers have been seen or be reconciled with the words of the writers and poets.Most of the stories of JAVAHER ALASMAR are Adoption of Pnjatntra, Thousand and One Nights, Sindbad Bakhtiarnameh stories."Jvahralasmar" and multiple stories and foliage near it in terms of thematic similarity with the literature that the purpose of this paper is the importance of consistency and the difference accounts "The Jvahralasmar" and the Review be explained.The most important and most unique legends of JAVAHER ALASMAR is "repeating" a different story alone in quoting sources.

Arabic language has borrowed many words from the Persian language both in an intact and disrupted format. Many words from Persian have entered Arabic in various forms which are called "Arabicized words". As foreign words become completely disrupted when appled in Arabic, their roots are unknown and cannot be traced. Arabic poetry had reached the peaks of eloquence and fluency in the pre-Islamic period. Thes poets of the age of ignorance created poems that can solve the puzzle of Arab culture and Arabic language by further research. There are elements in the age of ignorance poetic order that have great value for advancement of science.
These elements have originated in Persian and have been compiled into the Arabic language and culture due to different reasons. There are many Persian words in the poetry of the age of ignorant poets that the Peninsula Arabic speakers have used by their original meaning in Persian.

The translation of long poems tends to be such a demanding job that some translators may content themselves with renderings of a selection of the poems’ lines. Such “selective” translations have to meet certain conditions without which they are expected either to be far removed from the true themes and purposes of the originals, despite the fact that they may be apparently faithful to the literal meanings of the words, or, at the very worst, to be distorted versions. Having examined an example of Persian translation of a few stanzas from In Memoriam A. H. H., a long poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson, The present paper is going to enumerate the necessary conditions for the sound selective translations of poems: the adherence to “linguistic” and “temporal” contexts of the original poem. The disregard for these conditions in the Persian translation has caused it to be a far cry from what the poem really is about, and none of the translator’s comments has compensated for the loss either. Finally, there comes another Persian translation of the same stanzas which has met, along with the aforesaid conditions, other requirements that constitute collectively “the sufficient condition” for a successful selective translation of a long poem; this versified translation seems to convey, to some extent, the formal aesthetic aspects of the original too.

In our stories¡ magician are female and we are familiar with this word than a male wizard. Carl Gustavo Young says that it¡s reason found in men¡s dreams as a female. This issue is common among different societies.
In Iran¡ we can see this character in Shahnameh and folks stories which are noticeable. Because of often face negative and represented deserves blame. The point in such stories is using iron for defending against witches. In this research we have tried to study witch features in Shahnameh to show that the female wizard is Anima symbol in Shahnameh which is the feminine element in male’s spirit. There also is a cultural background for men¡s negative view to women during history.
The contrast between magic and iron belong to its anti magic properties which were in ancient beliefs of people.

Adverb is one of the complicated and challenging issues of grammar. It is one of the most important discussions of language that hasn’t been known until now, and there is no accurate and comprehensive definition of it. Also definitions available aren’t complete and classified, and its dimensions weren’t studied by the most grammarians .
It wasn’t historically and evolutionally studied until now. Based on this, the purpose of present study is to investigate adverb differently, so that historically studied it and show its structural evolution inancient Persian, Middle Persian and Persian Dari using many examples.
The obtained results show that there is close relationship between Dari Persian and Middle Persian and this relationship result that most of Persian adverbs beevolutional forms of Pahlavi Persian (middle).