نشریه مطالعات بین المللی
سال یازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 42، پاییز 1393)

The purpose of this study is to discuss The Genocide of Armenians occurred in 1915 till 1923,and how should be submitted their claims in int. courts. During the genocide of Armenians a chain of social, economic, religious and political factors were impressive to the unprecedented and led in to the first Genocide of 20th century .which is still denied by Turkey State from 1923. This research has been submitted by using descriptive -documentary and analysis methods. Turkey &Armenia have jointed to Con. of Genocide (1948) and are the members of Council of Europe ,European.Con.of H.R.& European Court of H.R. ,so the State of Armenia as representative & claimant and all the survivor's ,inherits &children of victims of Armenian Genocide,according to art.n.33 & 34 of European Con. (protocol n. 9 &11) &UN.Con.dd.26.nov.1968,can submit their claims for restitution of their properties,&their all materially &spiritually lost rights against Turkey State ,to the European Court of Human Rights.

The process of globalization is a result of human development in the economic, political and cultural relations. In this process the interdependency of human life makes the necessity of mutual cooperation among international community. To this end, the implementations of justice in international community are one of the main conditions for peace and security around the world. Without an international justice the protection of peace and security is impossible. We should remember that justice is always the first subject of philosophy. The different philosophical schools look to justice. The distributive justice of John Ralwes could be a good conception for the implementation of global justice. Also the process of human rights globalization could help the justice in international level. In this article the author try to emphasis the challenges toward justice and its consequences to the process of human rights globalization. At the end the article tries to find the best ways of promotion and protection of global justice.

Legitimacy, in political philosophy, is related to the question of “why the rules of government should be abided by citizens?”, and in political sociology, it answers to “why the rules of government are abided by citizens?” In this paper, while reviewing the problem of legitimacy from the political sociology, the authors argue that satisfaction of citizens is in the core of the problem of legitimacy for political regime. It is important that the satisfaction is a mental and psychological factor that reflects the citizens’ needs. Though, some scholars dispute that the human needs are only their first needs, but human beings have other needs and Ideals which have direct impacts on legitimacy to be recognized. In spite of this, the government needs to divides the existent facilities between these two kind of needs and ideals, so the citizens’ satisfaction be realized. It is clear that division of the facilities between these two kind of needs and ideals, differ from one society to another. Non-conformity of the government policies with the needs and ideals of citizens may cause dissatisfaction of the citizens and consequently, the government would not be legitimated.

Although the Shea clergy due to his idealistic approach,it historically named rulers and kings as a cruel and didn’t give any legitimacy for governments, but by acknowledging the history, the poverty Shia clergy in Iran Daubed since , the Safavids took a power and the relationship between the rulers and Shia clergy in Iran was much more serious than previous. During this period, because the Shia Wise Ulema were close to governance issues, Shia Jurisprudence had exit from Field of view and foreign and Shiite policy jurisprudence theta is concerning to governance practice ,is gradually formed, and this means the involvement of Wises with issues of governance. In the other words Shia clergy recognize that we have to Chose to be a along with the King between bad and worse in order to kepp Shia thought, and establish our links with the areas of governance by avoiding isolation conditions. This paper, in a Form of political sociology and by taking advantage of the Elitism theory that Emphasis on elitism disputes among themself over the division of , trying to study competence of both traditional elites - new and seminary - the office, namely clergy and New executive Bureaucrats. And demonstrate that both competitiveness and challenges within Governance the in President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad years has led to weakening of the clergy.

The Responsibility to Protect was confirmed in World Summit OutcomeDocument in 2005 in paragraphs 138 and 139. According Paragraph 139 of this document, the responsibility to protect civilians against four crimes of war crimes, genocide, ethnic cleaning and crime against humanity when a state fails to exercise this responsibility according to paragraph 138 of this document, the international community may assume a corresponding duty. International community also assigns this responsibility to the Security Council. The Security Council uses collective and coercive actions like sanction and military forces under chapter seven of UN charter and also non coercive actions under chapter six in order to protect people against massacre. The Security Council by proving one of four crimes mentioned in responsibility to protect don’t need to permission from other bodies of UN for collective action. Also, the Security Council can declare serious threat against international peace and security a massacre according to article 24 of charter and do some actions. Security Council in performing its commission is confronted with problems like principle of non-intervention in internal affairs, principle of none use of force in international relations and principle of the sovereign equality. This article aims to study the role of Security Council in responsibility to protect doctrine and its problems present solutions in order to obviate impediments of Security Council in performing its responsibility in the case of broad violation of human right.

Iran and Turkmenistan are important to each other , due to geographical proximity, historical ,cultural international and export and transit of energy.Same reasons, the two countries have mutual relationship with the political and economic cooperations. But with starting the new century, the international situation change, the formation of the Great Game in Central Asia and the Caucasus, and competition over energy developments future in this area is unclear.with attention Trans-regional actors such as the United States and Europe union to Turkmenistan seems to begin a new chapter in foreign policy and foreign relations . This research follow to recognition effective factors over Iran and Turkmenistan relations and while it drow prospects of future Study of Relations between Iran and Turkmenistan show that several political and economic components effectiveover relations between two coutries. Some of these factors are among environment and system factors and some of them also are due to the parties will. Assumption of Pragmatic policy between them and also strengthen voluntary factors can keep relationships well.

The main question of this paper is that if the course of International Relations can study about the role of religion in events of the world? The answer is yes. The course of International Relations can found the sub course of International Political Theology (IPT) that the main aim of this sub theory is the examination of religions ontology by studying of rules. Thus the International Relations can contribute to studying of religion. This paper starting with the relation of religion and International Relations, then explain the place of religion in International Relations theory and finally examine the main subject of International Political Theology. This paper ends with conclusion.