دوفصلنامه پژوهش های آموزش و یادگیری
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1394)

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between academic identity and Academic procrastination. The research method is descriptive – correlational. The Statistical population of this study were third grade students of secondary school in Kahrizak in the 2013 - 2014 school years (1078) that the sampling were selected with using of cluster sampling of 311 people and responded to questionnaires of academic identity (Was & Isaacson, 2008) and Academic procrastination questionnaires (Solomon & Rothblum, 1984). For determining of Questionnaire validity according to experts and for estimating reliability, Cronbach’s alpha formula is used. The findings obtained using the Canonical correlation analysis showed that the dimensions of academic identity have a significant relationship with student’ academic procrastination. Canonical analysis showed two significant set of academic identity and academic procrastination. In the first set, dimensions of Achievement identity and Moratorium identity has negative relationship and dimensions of Foreclosure Identity and Diffusion identity has positive and significant relationship with preparing task, readiness for exam and paper preparation. In the second set, academic Foreclosure Identity and Diffusion identity has significant relationship with academic procrastination. In general, it can be concluded, students have a high Achievement and Moratorium identity, academic procrastination rate of students would be low. Matter how students have low Foreclosure and Diffusion Identity students will have a high academic procrastination.

The main purpose of this present study is to predict the quality of teaching of the faculty members based on their philosophic mindedness and job motivation. The study of Population consisted of all the faculty members of different colleges of Shahid Bahonar University (538 people) among whom 287 faculty members were chosen as sample by Using Random sampling with proportional allocation. Instruments used for conducting this research were a researcher-made questionnaire for evaluating the quality of teaching with 24 items and Chronbach’s Alpha (0.881), philosophic mindedness questionnaire with 42 items and Chronbach’s Alpha (0.850), Lodahl and Kitchener’s job motivation questionnaire with 20 items and Chronbach’s Alpha (0.855). The method of this research is descriptive and kind of correlation. The results showed that philosophic mindedness and job motivation of the faculty members can positive and meaningful predict their quality of teaching. Philosophic mindedness with coefficient (0.405) has stronger effect in predicting the quality of teaching than job motivation with coefficient (0.275). Also Philosophic mindedness of the faculty members can positive and meaningful predict their job motivation. The results showed that there is a positive and meaningful relation with dimensions of Philosophic mindedness (comprehensiveness, penetration, and flexibility) with quality of teaching of faculty members, and these dimensions of Philosophic mindedness can predict their quality of teaching. Among the dimensions of job motivation, there is a positive and meaningful relation between variables of self- efficacy and job satisfaction with quality of teaching, and the effect of another dimensions of job motivation with quality of teaching isn’t meaningful. The results showed that the difference between the quality of teaching of women and men is meaningful and the amount of quality of teaching among women is stronger than men, and there is no difference between the quality of teaching of them according to their age and teaching experience. Also the results showed that there is no significant difference between various colleges of the university considering teaching quality.

The aim of this study was present structural equation model study skills, self-efficacy and student' evaluation from quality curriculum at Shiraz University. Population of the study was all students of university. By applying classified random Sampling, 261 students were selected and completed surveys for this study. The instrument to collect data consisted of three questionnaire of study skills, self-efficacy and student' evaluation from quality curriculum which after computing validity and reliability distributed between the sample and gathered. Data was analyzed using methods of inferential statistics and the results indicated: 1) There was a positive and significant relationship between student' study skills and student' evaluation from quality curriculum. 2) There was a positive and significant relationship between student' study skills and their self-efficacy. 3) There was a positive and significant relationship between student' study skills and student' evaluation from quality curriculum with mediators their self-efficacy.

This research was done with the purpose of the study of relationship of perfectionism & goal orientation to predict of Test anxiety in high school Girl Students. The method of research is correlation. Participants were 180 girl students that selected by Cluster sampling from the first grade of high schools. For data collection, Goal Orientation Scale of Elliot & Murayama (2008) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale of Hewitt & Flett (1991) & Test Anxiety Questionnaire By Sarason (1985) were used. Data were analyzed by using correlation & multivariate regression analysis. Results showed positive significant correlation between perfectionism & test anxiety, as if this dimension explains 38% of variance of test anxiety. Also, there was positive significant correlation between Performance-Avoidance goal orientation & Mastery-Avoidance with test anxiety. Mastery-Avoidance & Approach-Mastery explains 27/0¡ and 17/0- of variances of test anxiety respectively.

Abstract The school culture is a linking agent that teachers, parents and managers need it to coordinate their local traditions and styles. The aim of this research Was to investigate the relationship between school culture and academic achievement of students by the moderating role of school size. The present study was conducted by correlation method. All the teachers in the Primary schools in Esfarayen constituted the population of this study (N = 605). The participants were 220 teachers (88 male, 132 female) who were chosen by the stratified random sampling. All of them completed the school culture questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multiple Regression and Johnson-Neyman technique. The results showed that among school culture components, merely the component of the colleagues’ relations was a significant predictor for educational achievement. Furthermore, the findings indicated that there was a significant and positive relationship between school achievement and colleagues’ relations in small schools, but it wasn’t the case for large schools. One of the components of educational achievement increase is paying attention to the school culture. Especially, in small schools this component plays an effective role in educational achievement in the elementary school children.

This study aims to Measurement and evaluation of the current and the desired situations of virtual university curriculum From the views of Students university. A total of 9 research questions were raised and investigated. The research method was descriptive, during which the documentary analysis (the library) and surveying methods (questionnaire survey) were used. The statistical community consisted of all virtual postgraduate students of Amirkabir and Mehr Alborz University curriculum in the academic year 91-92 that a sample of 322 students were estimated based on Krejcie & Morgan tables and selected using a stratified proportional. The face and content validity were used to determine the questionnaire validity and the questionnaire reliability was estimated through Cronbach alpha coefficient, in current status of 0.944, in desired status 0.965and total Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.950. The main research findings indicated that from the perspective of students the value of investigating components in virtual curriculum in the current situation was lower than desired value. Also, Friedman test results indicated that ranking related components to virtual university curriculum on the current situation included respectively course content characteristics, technical characteristic, evaluation characteristic, teaching strategies characteristic and student characteristics and ranking related components to virtual university curriculum on the desired situation must include respectively evaluation characteristic, technical characteristic, course content characteristics, teaching strategies characteristic and student characteristics.

The main Purpose of this Study is to Describing Teachers and experts’ perception and experiences of status Multi-grade Classroom and education in, Multi-grade Classroom Students Problems and Multi-grade Classroom Teachers problems in primary schools Multi-grade Classroom in Caliber Villages. The quality and phenomenology Method has Implicated In this Study. The statistic population with contains all Teachers and experts of primary Schools Multi-grade Classroom in Caliber Villages. The statistic Sample Selected based on purposive Sampling Method (based on years of services and Teaching in Multi-grade classroom and availability) among educational experts and Teachers of Multi-grade Classroom in Caliber. Semi-Structured interviews have done with 20 Teachers of Multi-grade Classroom and 4 educational experts about their experiences and perception of education in Multi-grade Classroom in rural areas. For achieving the Validity Of interviews question, the experts, Masters and Teachers served in Caliber Villages has used and retired Teachers and Transferred to educational Complexes and urban areas. For achieving to ensure the Confident about the reliability of researches data, Continues Study Method, Compare the data, Make brief and Classified the information without any Changed data has used. Data Was analyzed by using Smith`s Suggested Method. 10 Main Themes of Finding gained Such as the malt: Reasons For Formation of Multi-grade Classroom Multi-grade Classroom Problems Effective Factors for increasing output increase in Multi-grade Classroom Ways of Controlling in Multi-grade Classroom Multi-grade Classroom Students Problems Multi-grade Classroom Teachers problems Family problems Non Confirmation of Multi-grade Classroom With Current Educational System Multi-grade Classroom advantages Suggestions for elimination of problems in Multi-grade Classroom. The Finding Showed that based on Multi-grade Teachers and Educational experts is faced with many problems in the Education in Multi-grade Classroom that the important of them are as lack of exclusive Multi-grade Courses, The Weakness in Constitution in Students Knowledge and deficiency of Time. At the end applied and research Suggestions in this regard was presented.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the casual relationship between mastery goal structure and performance goal structure with social adjustment with mediating role of Social achievement goals of female students in Ahvaz. The participants of the study were 300 female students of Ahvaz who were selected randomly by multi-stage random sampling method. The instruments used in this study were the Perceptions of Classrooms Goals Structures, Social Achievement Goals Scale and California Test of Personality. The fitness of the proposed model was examined through using path analysis. The results showed that mastery goal structure had direct relationship with social adjustment and was indirectly related, through social mastery goal orientation to social adjustment. In addition Performance goal structure was indirectly related with social adjustment through social performance-avoidance goal orientation. Better fit was obtained by omitting non-significant paths mastery goal structure with social performance-approach goal orientation, mastery goal structure with social performance-avoidance goal orientation, performance goal structure with social mastery goal orientation, performance goal structure with social adjustment, and social performance-approach goal orientation with social adjustment.

The aim of study was to develop a qualitative model of teaching-learning processes management(QMTLPM)for the elementary school classrooms .According to the study, criteria and indicators for QMTLPM through in-depth study of available sources and interviews with focus groups were identify.in term of design is qualitative and in term of strategy is qualitative case study research. Potential study participants, were academic experts, and 20 faculty members as participants in the study were selected by purposeful sampling method and techniques of theoretical saturation. In the study, two instruments "semi-structured interviews with focus groups" and "mining documents" were used for data collection. In the interview section with focus groups, 20 experts in educational Science and Psychology were selected and received their opinion by open and close ended questions. In the mining documents section, various sources such as books, dissertations, journal articles were used. Using data triangulation, validation of the data was approved. To analyze the collected data, Grounded theory analysis was carried out .The results showed that in the QMTLPM model,6 factors that should be considered are: 1 - Physical environment 2- Psycho-social environment 3 - Preparation 4 – Instruction 5 -Integration 6 – Evaluation. In the model, the physical environment and psycho-social environment acts as a context to meet the basic needs of learners, that in the physical environment must meet the physiological needs of students to "survival" as well as other physical factors that influenced students learning Should be considered. In the psycho-social environment the meet of psychological needs related to survival should be noted. In addition, in the psycho-social environment the meet of student's needs for "love and belonging", "power", "freedom" and "fun" should be considered. Also, in the model, the instruction cycle divided into four stage , include "preparation", "Instruction", "Integration" and "Evaluation" that formed on physical environment and psycho-social environment and in each stage the meet of learner's needs should be considered and satisfied.

The target population comprised all primary teachers in Tehran during the educational year 1390-91. The sample included 398 primary teachers randomly selected based on a multistage cluster sampling procedure. The data collection instrument was a researcher-developed five-part questionnaire. The instrument validity was established based on experts’ judgments, and its reliability was assured using Cronbach’s alpha reliability index. The data gathered in the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including nonparametric Friedman and Cochran tests. The results showed that more than half of teachers have learned how to use instructional media through self-study and/or attending training courses. In this regard, the teachers’ greatest familiarity with instructional media was gained during their university education. The extent to which they made use of various instructional media, except for modern media, was reported to be average or above. In order, the teachers employed instructional media with the aim of using students’ audio-visual senses, attracting attention and increasing interest, simplifying the lesson content, and achieving higher ratings on course evaluation forms.The results also revealed which instructional media were mostly used at different teaching stages. Accordingly, at the starting stage of the class, the most preferred instructional media in each media group were, in order, related to: teachers’ explanations in the auditory media group, blackboard and whiteboard in the board media group, posters and maps in the visual media group, textbooks in the written media group, and laboratory apparatus in the situational media group. Additionally, major barriers to the teachers’ use of instructional media included a shortage of media, limited class hours, a shortage of educational technologists, limited access to media, and unfamiliarity with the use of media.

Aim: This Study Was Considered The Effectiveness Of Social Skill Training On Individual Adjustment Among The College Girl Student Who Settled In Dormitories Of Medical Sciences Of Mazandaran University .Social Skills Are As The Observation, Training And Experiencing.
Sixty College Girl Student Were Selected By Random Sampling. Thirty Of Them Were Placed In Control Group , And The Rest Were Placed In Experimental Group. The Experimental Group Was Taken Twenty One Hours Intervention (Social Skill). It Was Used Of California Personality Test(CPT) As Pre Test Post Test. Two Month Later, The Experience Group Filled Up The CPT To Find Out Exact The Effect, And Endurable Of Mental Intervention.
Findings Showed, The Intervention (Social Skill Training) Was The Caused To Enhance The Individual Adjustment Scale, And Its Sub-Scales. The Fallow Up Showed The Individual Adjustment Scale And Sub-Scale Had Not Been Endured After Two Months.

Now day high education is fundamental matter toward obtaining national power. Therefore, science development and enhancement of training and research institutions’ can grader ways to development in science background those obtain by effective and efficiency high education. The main purpose of this paper is to investigation and identification of factors effecting on student’s researches development in a SATTAREE Air University. Present research is quantities form and descriptive type. Variable relationships are correlation and based on structural modeling equations. Many researches were developed for identification of factors effecting on student’s researches domain and every one introduce in different forms of factors effecting on student’s researches. This research was tried to use later researches and also investigation of organization studied for development of comprehensive model. After identifications of factors effecting on student’s researches, indexes factors defined. Confirmatory factor analysis was used for investigations of relationships between latent and observer variables. LISREL software is use for data analyzing and acceptance of theoretical model. Reliability and justifiability confirmed by LISREL and SPSS V: 19. Research finding shows that strategic, culture and human factors are more important than the other factors on student’s researches development in the SATTAREE Air University.

The purpose of present research is to investigate the relation between perception of classroom learning environment and academic resilience in middle school students in the district 2 of Torbate heydariye city. For this purpose a total of 250 boys in the middle school level was selected, using convenience sampling method, in order to participate in the research. For the purpose of data collection, Gentry, Gabel and Rizal standard questionnaire of classroom perception, and revised questionnaire of academic resilience were used. The collected data were analyzed using, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. The results show that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between perception of class environment and academic resilience, also the results of stepwise regression show that classroom perception, challenge, enjoyment and selection dimensions, explaining and predicting about (%56) of the middle school students academic resilience. Thus in order to maximize the the students resilience in facing educational problems, it is recommended that, teachers who are expected to improve student’s perception of the classroom, act as a related agent.