پژوهش نامه نظم و امنیت انتظامی
سال هشتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 32، زمستان 1394)

Security and providing peace is an important element to promote and develop the society. Regarding complex security situation and increasing changes the society require new models and innovative ideas. Therefore, the good of this study is to identify and analyze the factors affecting security feeling using fuzzy cognitive maps (a case study in Gonabad). In this study at first factors affecting security, are admitted in the form of a questionnaire so the validity and reliability was approved. A questionnaire and cluster sampling method based on Morgan were distributed among 384 residents of Gonabad. Then an expert team was formed and asked them about the most important factors. Then the team drew effective factors on security feeling by the help of fuzzy cognitive maps(fcms). Among effective factors on security feeling, some of them as fallows are more important: social order, social damages, fairly enforcement of laws, legal and decisive encounter to criminals. Output degree of concepts means affecting on other factors with higher output degree are more effective.
Discussions and Show that although experts highlight macro factors but people on personal factors such as having a healthy and stable family, good neighbors and religious believes affect. So to create a healthy and stable family as the most common cause from the people's point of view, it's better to support family, security , job stability, and reduction of social harm.

Feeling secure is one of the basic aspects of security concept as a whole sense. Existence of security in several social environments such as hiking routes is one of the critical conditions of people’s presence in such places. Police services are obliged to assure the reduction of security threats and trying to maintain civilian’s satisfactions. The paper is trying to assess the police’s efforts to provide safety of Northern Tehran hikers. This study is based on surveying approach. As, the number of 384 people were the subject of hiking in 5 different hiking routes, north of Tehran, and 77 people from each route have been chosen by using simple random methods and have been surveyed. Results indicate 60% of people was men, and the remaining 40%, women. Also, the majority of them were youngs and below the 33 years old, and the presence of police force, had a meaningful impact on the growing number of hikers, and decline of crime rates.
Discussions and The results show that there’s a positive correlation between police presence and hiker’s safe feeling and the reduction of crime rates throughout the hiking routes. Therefore we can conclude that the role of police forces, by effective practices and dealing with criminals and wrong doers, can increase the sense of being safe among the hikers.

Nowadays, Social networks have a strong role in the world that would not be ignored. The social networks on different aspects of individual and social life and its influence in the country and even an international level is analyze also why these factors are expanding far greater role in the future and would play a critical role in today's human lif is studied.. In the present study used Survey method among MA Student of Allameh Tabataba'i University, 150 (60 male and 90 female) were selected using the random sampling procedure and completed the self-made questionnaire on the impact of social networks on security morality. The result indicated that A total of 55/9 percent of the sample in very low, too low at 91/21 percent, 61/30 percent moderate, high or 48/28 percent, 52/10 percent very much believe that according to statements the effect of social network on security morality is sogreat. Among the items listed on the influence of social networks on security morality, ethnic division's items with higher ratings are more important and then statements, anti-religious propaganda, instill doubts,cultural invasion and cultural Normal.are in next steaps.   Based on these findings, we can conclude that social networks could potentially be destructive to security morality

Security feeling and people's perception of security is directly related to the mentality influenced by many different factors. By the media as sources of information people are able to show their attitude towards the environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mass media on citizens feeling safe with emphasis on police activity. The study was conducted through a survey. For this purpose, the study who are aged over 18 years with stage cluster sampling 380 students from five selected districts in Tehran and were request to complete questionnaire. The results show a significant difference between the amounts according to police news TV programs and there is a sense of security and the use of these programs in greater sense of security is lower. The results showed that the amount of attention to television police programs there is more insecurity relation to criminal incidents reading the newspaper with a sense of insecurity. The media, especially television programs containing security news enforcement and criminal incidents are important in reducing the security feeling of audiences. Regarding the relationship between the media, and security feeling and the effect of the specific content of media on the audience security feeling, it is still not considered seriously. Lower the opportunity to further his own goals.

Based on religious teachings and Islamic values, corruption is condemned and all employers in the Islamic state are obliged to fight and eradicate it from all aspects of Islamic society. This study aimed at measuring people's perception towards police propriety in Tehran (with emphasis on Criminal Investigation Department). This study is based upon research surveying. The population of the study is about 650 people who were selected randomly and based upon Kocran formulation. The questionnaire used in the study was individually constructed by the author. The results indicated that the mean of the people's perception of the staffs' propriety in FATEB was 3.28, and the mean score of the people's perception of the existence of propriety in Tehran Criminal Investigation Department is 3.38 on a scale of to 5. Therefore the people's perceptions were in better condition in Tehran.
Discussions and In this paper, police propriety was assessed on the basis of perceptions construct (perceptions about propriety of Criminal Investigation Department’s staff) which is based on the perceptions and interpretations of the citizens about this subject. Considering the results, the perceptions of the citizens about propriety in FATEB and Police Criminal Investigation Department was in a relatively good condition.

Security and tourism are parameters of an equation with a direct relationship to each other. Since, no travelling will take place and talking about tourism is useless if security of tourism has not been provided; regarding this matter, security has been given an especial notice. Meanwhile different factors affect the security of tourism. Therefore, this study tries to identify the most influential that factors affect feeling of security in domestic and foreign tourists of Sanandaj City. This research has been carried out based on survey method. The research statistical population consists of tourists who selected Sanandaj City as their destination in summer of 2014 and stayed there at least for 24 hours. Using simple random sampling, finally 374 questionnaires were distributed. Findings indicate that among factors affecting security, police performance, cultural factors, economic factors and media have a significant effect on tourists while social and political factors didn’t significantly affect on the sense of security. Tourism planning and management by identification the affecting factors of tourist's feelling about the security and good response to supply their needs, provides tourists satisfaction in Sanandaj city.

Increase of social interactions, growth of immigration statistics and globalization phenomenon, in addition to putting different cultures together, is a factor for separation of people to majority and minority groups. The situation of minorities in criminal justice system, in general, and in police processes as the first queue of criminal justice system, in particular is considerably important. The results of applied studies in this context demonstrate that the behavior of police forces to the cultural minorities is discriminatory and this group is the target of police violence and interventions, whilst the cultural pluralism recommends attentions to cultural norms in police procedures. The main problem of the present paper is analyzing the effect of theoretical fundamentals of cultural pluralism on the police system, and the way for realization of strategic model of police tasks and services in multicultural societies. For this purpose, upon identification of theoretical fundamentals of cultural pluralism, the police tasks and services in multicultural societies was analyzed in the light of cultural diversity discourse approaches. The present study in consideration of its objectives is an applied research and provided based on descriptive-analytical and qualitative research in the light of data collection procedure. Based on the findings of this study, realization of knowledge-based pattern and policing human rights in multicultural societies, from one side, is subject to the attention of cultural norms of all cultural groups at the crime detection and recording stage, and on the other side, compliance with the principle of equal treatment, prohibition of abuse of power and extremist policing to the cultural minorities. Nonetheless, a few security-oriented approaches about minority groups and assume them as outsider in different systems of criminal institutions result in breach of multicultural policing approaches in these processes.