فصلنامه نوید نو
پیاپی 60 (تابستان 1394)

Self-care is a multidimensional structure that greatly affects their efficacy and necessity of doing it is to adopt behaviors that are influenced by the knowledge, perceptions and beliefs in relation to self-care. The aim of this study was to determine the status of knowledge and practice about Self-care in women referred to health centers in 2014.
A descriptive - analytic study was carried out. The population was 550 women with random sampling- quota being selected. The research data were collected using demographic characteristics and Attitude about Self-care Questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was provided by content validity and internal consistency, and Cronbach's alpha level of 0.93 was reported.
The mean of knowledge and practice about its Self-care in women was 15/78± 2/33 and 7/76± 2/66. The majority of women (61/4% and 71/1%) had knowledge and practice mean more than total mean. Correlation Test showed that there is a significant relationship between the knowledge mean about Self-care with marriage duration (P=0/01, r=0/12) and living child (r=0/11), Also, there was a significant correlation between the mean scores of the self with age (r = 0/14), marriage (r =0/12) and number of children (r =0/11) showed. But Correlation Test don’t showed that there is a significant relationship between the knowledge mean about and demographic factor.
The result show that most people despite their interested to Self-care, but stated that they do not have knowledge of Self-care but don’t enough knowledge for situation practice.

Leishmaniasis is an important parasitic disease in the world. We performed a seroepidemiological study of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Dehloran district, Ilam province to determine the seroprevalence of infection among humans and dogs using Direct Agglutination Test (DAT).
In this descriptive analytic study, Sera were collected by a multi-stage randomized cluster sampling from 872 children ≤12 years and 52 dogs in 10 villages from four geographical areas in 2014. Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) was done for all samples after serum separation of blood in the leishmaniasis laboratory from the School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
In all, of 872 human, 9 samples were shown anti-Leishmania antibody with titers ≥ 1/1600 and 11 samples with titers ≥ 1/800. Of 52 dog samples, 11 dog samples with titers ≥ 1/320 as cut-off values of DAT and 13 with titers 1/80 and 1/160.
None of collected human blood samples showed anti Leishmania infantum
antibodies at titers 1:320 as well as None of the dogs had clinical signs. This indicates that asymptomatic dogs also like symptomatic dogs, able to transmit infection and play an active role in the circulation of Leishmania infantum. This study confirms the circulation of L. infantum at least among dogs. We reommended that investigate vectors and wild canines as reservoir hosts of VL in the studied areas.

Self-medication is now one of the greatest health, economic and social problems, as far as the rate of prescriptions is inconsistent with the population and epidemiological situation of the diseases in the country, that the efforts to correct this model was not successful and the medical system of the country is still faced with the problem of excessive consumption and self-medication. Therefore, in the present circumstances, Recognition of the causes and solutions to reduce and control self-medication, are important.
The present study examined 100 articles and 20 books by review method of searching electronic resources and library such as pubmed, Scopus, googlescholar, wos, DOA, OSD, ext.
Researches show that most Iranian families get medications on a daily basis. According to published reports, analgesics, antibiotics, eye drops and are the highest rates of self-medication. Self-medication has variety causes such as medicine maintenance at home, self belief in the safety of self-medication, lack of time for a doctor to cure the problem, the delivery of drugs without a doctor's prescription by pharmacies, Distrust in the quality of medicines and prefer the foreign drugs to Iranian are important causes for self-medication.

Hyperactivity and attention deficit is one of the most common behavioral and developmental disorder in childhood. This disorder have several consequences. In the present study to evaluate the effectiveness of neurofeedback in reducing symptoms of hyperactivity and attention deficit in primary school has been designed.
Material and This quasi-experimental study was conducted as a case control pre/posttest. The study population consisted of all female elementary school students with ADHD ware included in 2013. The 19 of these students were selected as the treatment group whereas 20 of them were selected as the control group. The control group did not received any training at all. Treatment group underwent 40 neurofeedback sessions and each session took 40 minutes to complete. Data were collected through CONSER scale questionnaire in three phases of pre-test, posttest and follow up from the parents. Finally, collected Data were analyzed by SPSS13.
Data analysis show that treatment with neurofeedback lead to reduction in symptoms of hyperactivity, attention defect, and ADHD in patients group than control group (p According to the results on this research, neurofeedback is a suitable treatment method for reduction symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity in children. For more trustworthy results, more sample size recommended.

Introduction and The presence of live bacteria in the blood reflects blood infection, which if not appropriately treated, associated with high mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate frequency rate of bacterial agents that caused blood infections and also antibiotic resistance pattern of them in patients admitted to Toohid Hospital in Sanandaj city during 2013-2014 years.
Present study was performed on 3242 patients. Positive blood culture samples of patients were evaluated and after bacteria isolated, antibiotic sensitivity test with disk diffusion method according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) were on performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software and frequency rate determination.
180 positive blood culture samples were isolated during one year. The highest frequency rate was related to Staphylococcus epidermidis (51.11%) and lowest was related to Serratia (1.11%). The highest resistance was to vancomycin, amikacin, ampicillin, sulfametoxazol, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, penicillin and tetracycline. The highest and lowest bacteria isolates were isolated in children (50 isolates) and emergency (5 isolates) and outpatient parts (5 isolates), respectively. The highest resistance in different parts of hospital was to ampicillin.
with appropriate antibiotics prescription, according to exact results of antibiogram and with sanitation in various parts of hospital, especially the children's part, can be proceed accurate treatment and reduce health costs.

Since access to databases is expensive and there is no access to most of the users, so search tools plays significant role.
The current study is an applied research and was carried out using descriptive method. six meta search engines introduced as the most frequently used ones. Then seven key words of cleft lip and palate diseases were chosen from medical subject heading (Mesh). After data collection, obtained data entered computer and SPSS V.22 and then were analyzed by descriptive method.
results showed that The webcrawler Meta search engine with 185 results from all of the key words had the highest retrieval. Meta search engines Mama, Dogpile and Ixquick respectively with %95/23, %94/19 and %87/63 had the highest precision and they recognized as superior meta search engines.
All of the meta search engine except Yippy had high precision so we can trust to the result.
ž All of the meta search engine except Yippy had precision higher than %70, and in adittion to above recall and above Percision

Anxiety of exam is a kind of self-abuse mentality. It often caused to negative evaluation, lack of concentration and undesirable physical reactant. Undoubtedly, anxiety of exam is common among the students and the most important reason of that, is the final result which is gotten from the exam. The goal of this study, was to determine the relation between fasting and anxiety of exam and other related.

recent research was descriptive and analytic kind of researching which was spread 272 answer sheets among the students of medical sciences un-iversity branch of Dezfool on the last day of each field or entrance. Compiling information was done by informational demographic answer sheet and answer sheet of anxiety of exam TAI which is examining concerning, anxiety and negative thoughts related to the exam. The data were analyzed by spss21 software.

on the basis of the finds of the study, Anxiety of exam was 18% in few cases, 41.9% in regular, 31.5% in hard and 8.5% were in very hard anxiety. Female students are more concerned about the exam (t= 4.16 , p= 0.001 ). And more, The intensity of anxiety of exam was harder in lack of dormitory students (p= 0.002 , t= 3.13 ) and those who weren’t satisfy of the place of the exam. (t= 3.39 ,p= 0.01). And there isn’t a meaningful statistical relation between fasting and anxiety of exam. (t= 2.814 , p= 0.01).

The results were showed fasting is related to the amount of anxiety of exam in students. Therefore, popularization of this duty can make a calmness mind in the students. Exploring other elements in improving the activity of the students will commented in next studies.