Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research
Volume:4 Issue: 1, Winter 2016

Gangrenous dermatitis is less known than clostridial enteric’s wich is frequently stated. It is described in association with aspergillosis in a broiler flock. Diagnostic showed that Clostridium septicum is the causal agent and lesions are comprehensive manifested by blackish putrefaction gas at the wings and penetrating inflammation in the abdomen. This disease is characterized by rapid development and a significant number of subjects death in the space of a few hours. Treatments based on biocid-30 for aspergillosis and Ampicillin for gangrenous dermatitis reduced sharply the number of dead birds. Good scientific knowledge in clinical and lesion diagnosis and an effective treatment are essential in pathological cases with rapid development.

The Monterufoli pony is an endangered Tuscan breed-population, and the aim of this work is the domestic biodiversity conservation. This pony derives from the province of Pisa and in the past was an appreciated driving equine. It derives from wild extinct equines that lived in central Tuscany and has Maremmano, Tolfetano and Oriental ancestors. The selection and the improvement of this population began in the early 1900. Up to now Braccini published the most complete “standard breed” in 1947. Since the 60’s the reduction of Monterufoli pony population began and this equine risked extinction. In the 80’s local and state breeders re-introduced this pony in some areas of Tuscany. The standard breed was updated in this study, and a comparison between males and females was performed. The average sizes were: height at withers of 135.0±1.7 and 128.6±1.7, thorax circumference of 162.4±3.7 and 163.5±4.0, front shank circumference of 17.9±0.3 and 16.2±0.4, for males and females, respectively. The measures of adult females were estimated by ANOVA considering three different classes of age (3-4, 5-6 and over 6 years old). Thorax height, Croup length and bi-ischium height were higher in over 6 year old females. All ponies had dark coat. Monterufoli ponies showed the phenotypical features of the breeds that contributed to improve the local population: over 80% of population had convex nose typical of Maremmano and Tolfetano horses. The comparison between the 1947 standard breed and the actual standard breed showed that the “old” Monterufoli pony was more dolicomorphic than the modern pony.

The extrahepatic bile duct system of the camel was studied grossly, histology and histochemically. Specimens of the liver with pancreas attached, together with the cranial duodenal flexure of ten adult dromedary camels were used in this study. There was no common hepatic duct due to the absence of the gallbladder in the camel. The bile duct was partially embedded within the dorsal border of the pancreas and at its terminal course in the pancreatic tissue; it was joined by the main pancreatic duct to form the hepatopancreatic duct before it entered the cranial duodenal flexure, about 20-25 cm caudal to the pylorus. The hepatopancreatic duct penetrated the duodenal wall obliquely, and passed for 2 to 3 cm before it opened by an oval orifice into the lumen of the duodenum. No evidence of a major duodenal papilla. Microscopically, the extrahepatic bile ducts of the camel were characterized by a wide lumen and folded mucosa which contained mucous glands. The ducts were lined with simple columnar epithelium of tall cells and surrounded by dense connective tissue mainly collagenous fibers. The wall of the bile duct contained no muscle fibers and there were no circular muscle fibers in the terminal portion of the duct that could be construed to represent a sphincter. The epithelium lining both the ducts and glands showed PAS-positive material at their apical portion and luminal borders, respectively.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) stain on quality and developmental competence of mature and immature buffalo oocytes. Oocytes were exposed to BCB stain diluted in mDPBS (DPBS with 0.4% BSA) for 60 min at 38.5ºC in a humidified air atmosphere before, after maturation. The cleavage and blastocyst rates were determined. Results showed the percentage of BCB: BCBˉ in immature and mature buffalo oocytes was 54:45 and 70:30 respectively. In immature oocytes percentage of embryo cleavage rate was highly significantly (P

The distribution of immunoglobulin (Ig)-containing cells in the mammary gland of the goat was studied at different stages of the reproductive cycle using immunohistochemical techniques. Generally, Ig-containing plasma cells (IgA, IgG and IgM) in the mammary gland were abundant during pregnancy, increase in number after parturition and gradually decrease in number, especially in the post weaning period. IgA-containing cells were the predominant cell type among the plasma cells throughout the reproductive cycle. Their number increased at late pregnancy, being maximum at the colostrum period and decreased thereafter. IgG- and IgM-containing plasma cells were fewer at all stages of the reproductive cycle; the former were slightly more than the latter. Both types of cells followed a distribution pattern similar to that shown by IgA-containing cells. The rich existence of plasma cells at late pregnancy and colostrum period suggests that their main role is transfer of passive immunity to the neonates rather protection of the mammary gland.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate graded levels of Mormodica balsamina on the haematology of rabbits. The animals were fed diets containing 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5% inclusion levels of M. balsamina in a completely randomized experimental design replicated five times. Blood sample was collected and evaluated at the end of 90 day feeding trial. Results indicated significant difference between the treatment groups on haemoglobin, Packed cell Volume (PCV) Red blood cells (RBC), (MCV), (MCHC), Basophils and Platelets (P0.05). It was concluded that inclusion of M. balsamina in the diet of rabbits did not affect the physiological functions of the animals.

A study was conducted in some selected Local Government areas (LGAs) of Sokoto state to determine the farmer’s perception on the utilization of locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) pulp as feed for uda rams. Purposive sampling method was used to select three local government Areas with three villages each. Checklist was used to obtained data from ten respondents; from each village, making a total of 90 respondents. Data generated from the study were subjected to descriptive statistics (using frequency and percentile), and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Where significant difference exists, least significant different (LSD) was used to separate the means. Results obtained indicate that 100% of the respondents used locust bean pulp as feed for their animals. Fifty seven percent (57.8%) source their feed from the market while 42.2% sourced their feed from the farm and market. Ninety two percent of the respondents feed locust bean pulp in combination with other ingredients while only 7.8% feed it alone. About 64.4% of the respondents used the pulp for fattening, 1.1% used it for lactation while 34.4% used it for both fattening and lactation. All the respondents testify that the pulp is available year round. The study establish that the farmers are using locust bean pulp as part of their feed component in fattening their animals indicating its potential use as a feed supplement in the dry season when feed resources are not available.

A 26 - day feeding trial was conducted to assess the impact upon finisher performance of broilers, fed on diets enhanced with enzymes and supplemented with Hyacinth beans processed in two stages. In addition to basal control (A), another treatment diets of Hyacinth beans at 15% (B, C) and 20% (D, E) with or without enzyme additives were formulated. One hundred and fifty broilers (Ross 308) of 3 weeks age were randomly assigned to five experimental diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment group was replicated five times with 6 birds per replicate. At the end of 3 weeks feeding trial, 15 birds per treatment (3 birds /replicate) were randomly selected, slaughtered and eviscerated for dressing and internal organs study. Results showed that, feed intake (P ≤ 0.01), weight gain (P ≤ 0.01), FCR (P ≤ 0.01), PER (P ≤ 0.01) and dressing percentages (P ≤ 0.01) were declined affectedly in finisher period due inclusion of Hyacinth beans, extremely at 20% Hyacinth beans inclusion level. The obvious results of internal organs was for viscera, pancreas, gizzard proventriculus weights, which were increased (P ≤ 0.01) due Hyacinth beans inclusion level. The 20% and even the 15% Hyacinth beans low level couldn’t manage to attain similar performance as that of control diet for all of the parameters studied.