فصلنامه پاتوبیولوژی مقایسه ای
سال هفتم شماره 30 (زمستان 1389)

Brucellosis Continues to be of great health Significance and economic importance in many contries including Iran. The current diagnosis of brucellosis is based on the Serological and the microbiological tests. In this study , 100 sera specimen were taken from Animals (Goat and Sheep) in tonekabon to wnship, then was screening with serological tests and seroposetive and seronegative specimens (total peripheral blood) confirm by PCR method. More over, wright's seroaglutination test had titers within the diagnostic range 20 cases, that 5 samples were positive by PCR. In this study, prevalence rate disease was 20% Incidence rate disease was by PCR 5%. Different Serological tests and PCR method due to Serological Methods are not always Sensitive and Specific the PCR techniques have proved tobe Useful to Specificity, Sensitivity and rapidness.

Vitamin D is a derivative of cholesterol. Lack of this vitamin causes some disorders in bone metabolism. In this study, 32 adult female New Zealandian white rabbits were selected and divided into four equal groups randomly. After the induction of general anesthesia, a full thickness defect with 1 mm width was created in the mid shaft of ulnar bone of both right and left fore limbs in all groups. The animals in first, second and third groups received the amount of 2500 IU, 5000 IU and 10000 IU vitamin D3/kgBW via intramuscular injection, respectively. Then, the same dose was repeated for them once in a week during 50 days. The animals in the fourth group received equal volume of normal saline as same as above regimes. 50 days after surgery, the rabbits become Euthanasia. Then bone defect was evaluated by means of histopathological, and biomechanical factors. Biomechanical evaluation showed that the mean force required to break bones in group 2 was higher and it wasequivalent to 124.75±2.13 N. Histopathological evaluation showed that bone repair in group 2 was performed better than other groups. Considering the results of this study, the 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 has an effective role on repairing bone defect; but in high dose, it can prevent mineralization of bone.

This study was carried out from March 2007 to March2008 in order to determine the role of litter in diagnosis of parasitic infection of poultry in Golestan province, Iran. In this study 50 litter samples of native poultry and 50 from those of industrial broiler were examined. Flotation method was applied to determine OPG and EPG, eggs of 3 species of nematode were identified in 48% of litter samples of native fowl including: Ascaridia galli (44%), Heterakis gallinarum (18%) and Capillaria spp (32%) and 2 species of nematode in those of 8% of industrial poultry: Ascaridia galli (8%) and Heterakis gallinarum (4%). No oocyst was found in native fowl litter, whereas 36% of industrial poultry litters harbored three species of Eimeria as follow: E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. maxima. Free living oribatid mites were collected from 100% 0f industrial poultry litters and non from native one. It seems likely that the origin of helminth infections of poultry is native fowl and examination of the litter is an easy, cheap and rapid method for diagnosis of poultry parasitic infections.

Peppermint (menthe piperita) is a usable medicinal herb that has therapeutic effects. Therewith can use as flavoring agent in the manufacture of foods. In this study, pick up and drying of the leafs done at the first and then essential oil of the herb was collected by hydrodistillation method and Clevenger apparatus. Chemical composition of essential oil were identified with a GC-MS system. Antimicrobial effects of essence were studied with agar dilution method and specified with minimal inhibitory concentration. The most important components of peppermint essential oil were: menthol (39.81%), mentone (19.55%), neo menthol (8.83%), menthylacetate (8.64%), and 1, 8-cineole (5.81%). Minimmum imhibitory concentration (MIC) of peppermint oil on the staphylococcus aureus, E.coli and salmonella tiphy was 150, 300, and 250 ppm respectively.

The soft palate of 122 camel embryos were collected from 2 till 13 month age for developmental study. camel uteruses were gathered from slaughter house in yazd provience . After dissecting the uteruses, the age of fetuses were measured by CRL formula. Then head of embryos were separated and after dissection maxilla and mandible, length, thikness and width of dulla were measured by ruller and caliper. Then the data were analysed by Student T. Test. also existence the orifice in dulla were evaluated. The result of macroscopic evaluation shown that formation of dulla is occurred in 3rd embryonic month. also, development of soft palate and dulla in male and female embryo was similar.

This study was done with the aim of surveing of frequency rate of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis caused by Moraxell bovis.For this purpose, history of animals including time and frequency of previous ocular diseases, types of ocular disorders, and measurement of vision were recorded. From 11500 cattle, 100 cattle affected to eyes disorders were examined physically. For paraclinical examinations samples were collected from affected eyes to Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis. The samples were tested for: bacteriology and molecular. Molecular test (PCR test) were used for detecting Moraxella bovis. Results showed that from 100 cattle which suffered from eyes disorders, 27 cattle were affected to bovin infectious Keratoconjunctivis. (Moraxella bovis was isolated from 27 cattle).

The assessment of the normal heart parameters in healthy animals for evaluation of heart structure, function and cardiovascular disease are necessary. In this study 10 male lori- bakhtiari sheep with one year age and weights 42kg ±3kg were selected. All sheep were normal in clinical examination. The left ventricle was evaluated by B-mode and M-mode systems.Echocardiography was done in 4 and 5 intercostal spaces.Mean of the (LVIDd), left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole (LVIDs), left ventricular free wall thickness at end-diastole (LVFWd), left ventricular free wall thickness at end-systole (LVFWs), left atrial dimension (IVSd), interventricular septal thickness at end-systole (IVSs), left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole.