فهرست مطالب

Educational Research in Medical Sciences - Volume:4 Issue: 1, Jun 2015

Educational Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:4 Issue: 1, Jun 2015

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/01/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 9
|
  • Yadollah Zarezadeh, Saleh Salimi, Senor Bayazidi *, Jaleh Rahimi Pages 1-7
    Introduction
    Maintaining the patient safety is a fundamental concept in healthcare systems. Working errors are the factors that threaten the patient safety, and are highly important to be controlled. The managers’ approach to error reporters is effective in preventing these errors and increasing error reporting in the case of occurrence. The current study aimed to analyze the managers’ approach to errors made at Imam Khomeini hospital, Urmia in 2011.
    Methods
    This qualitative research was carried out to investigate the perspective of nurse managers about dealing with working errors. 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with working managers at Urmia Teaching Hospitals. The obtained data were studied through content analysis.
    Results
    Based on the findings, three main categories were obtained, including the managers’ approach to reporting working errors, managers’ reaction to working errors, and strategies to reduce the incidence of errors.
    Conclusion
    The regulations or guidelines of error reporting are useful for organizations, reduce personal measures and preferences, and encourage nurses to embark on error reporting. Thus, these regulations are required to be formulated and implemented by the managers of the healthcare system in Iran.
    Keywords: Working errors, Managers Nurses, Qualitative research
  • Durdi Qujeq* Pages 8-13
    Introduction
    Misunderstanding enzyme structure and function is a major problem of biochemical education. The purpose of this work was to consider the general features of structure and function of proteins and enzymes relevant to an understanding of structure and function of proteins and enzymes by modeling experiments.
    Methods
    A total of 109 medical students of Babol University of Medical Sciences during a few years were recruited to participate in the study. The data were obtained by a researcher-made questionnaire. Totally 89% of the students participated in the study, and finally 109 questionnaires were completed.
    Results
    After intervention, the mean scores of proteins and enzymology were significantly higher than before it. There is a significant difference in Mean examination scores of the medical students before (14.2±1.4, 14.9±1.2) and after (17.2±1.6, 18.3±1.3) the intervention for male and female students, respectively, in terms of using proteins and enzymes structure modeling. Also, a brief outline is given of those aspects of proteins and enzymology which are most relevant to clinical practice,(I) to illustrate some aspects of proteins and enzymes structure, and (II) allow students to become skilled in processing, presenting and discussing data obtained directly by them, or furnished by the instructor.
    Conclusion
    This simple method can be successfully used to illustrate, explain and characterize many of the physical, chemical and clinical properties of proteins and enzymes. It can also be looked upon as a method for assessment of the education quality, preferably through experiences in medical education
    Keywords: Enzyme, Proteins, Structure, Education, Medical students
  • Parastoo Majidipour, Alisha Akya*, Nader Naderi Naderi Pages 14-19
    Introduction
    Lack of coordination between academic education and their application in the workplace is a common gap between theory and practice. This issue of concern has been discussed among planners of medical education. In this study, the attitude of medical students, externs and interns, was evaluated about the clinical applications of bacteriology.
    Methods
    One hundred and fifty four medical students, externs and interns, in the first semester of 2013-14 at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences were included in this study. The research tool was a researcher made questionnaire containing the demographic information and questions to evaluate the clinical application of bacteriology. There were 16 questions for evaluation of students’ attitude and the collected data was analysed using statistical methods and t test.
    Results
    The population included 97(63%) externs and 57(37%) interns. There was no significant difference between the attitude of externs and interns toward the clinical application of general bacteriology. However, the interns had a stronger positive view on clinical application of systematic bacteriology comparing to the externs. Moreover, the students had a positive view on dividing the bacteriological curriculum into two parts and its teaching in general and clinical parts of medical education.
    Conclusion
    The results indicated the intermediate satisfaction of students, externs and intern for clinical application of bacteriology. Furthermore, there was a strong positive attitude among students for division of bacteriological curriculum into two parts and teaching them duringgeneral and clinical courses. From clinical students’ point of view, in particular for interns, the systematic bacteriology has a better clinical application than general bacteriology.
    Keywords: Bacteriology, Clinical application, Medical students
  • Gholam Reza Kiany, Bahman Mehraban*, Reza Ghafar Samar Pages 20-26
    Introduction
    Working memory is thought to serve as a part of memory structure where functions like temporary storage and manipulation of information take place. This study investigates the effectiveness of working memory training regimens with Iranian university students, while considering the implications for medical students.
    Methods
    Thirty university students studying at different universities in Kermanshah took part in the study. They were divided into two groups as the experimental and control groups. Both groups took pre- tests on their working memory capacity. The experimental group then underwent working memory training exercises for ten sessions. Both groups then took post- tests on their working memory capacity. The data collected through the pre- test and post- test were analyzed using SPSS software, version 16. The statistical procedure employed during data analysis included paired t-test and independent samples t-test.
    Results
    Analysis of the data revealed significant improvements in different measures of working memory in the experimental group in comparison to the control.
    Conclusion
    It is possible to improve working memory measures through training regimens. Given the similarities of the kinds of tasks medical students deal with in their academic lives to those of the working memory training exercises, further studies are required to investigate the effects of improved working memory capacity on medical students’ academic achievements.
    Keywords: Working memory, Training, Medical students
  • Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari, Mahin Tafazzoli* Pages 27-30
    Introduction
    The students’ academic achievement is of paramount significance for their future accomplishments. Academic achievement is associated with various effective factors, one of which is self-esteem. The current study was conducted to assess the correlation between self-esteem and academic achievement of the midwifery students at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2013.
    Methods
    This analytical study was carried out on the midwifery students of Mashhad School of Nursing and Midwifery in the first semester of the academic year 2013-2014. The participants were selected through census sampling. The instruments for data collection included a personal and academic information questionnaire and Rosenberg self-esteem scale. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient.
    Results
    The mean of grade point average of the students was 16.31±1.05 (Mean±SD). Total mean score of self-esteem was reported to be 16.54±2.34. The majority of students were reported to have a moderate self-esteem(84.9%). The results of Pearson correlation test showed no significant correlation between self-esteem and academic achievement (p>0.05).
    Conclusion
    The findings indicated no significant correlation between the students’ self-esteem and their academic achievement. Other factors such as cultural, emotional and psychological conditions in the society, however, seem to be associated with academic achievement and self-esteem. Hence, more comprehensive studies are recommended to be carried out in this regard.
    Keywords: Self, esteem, Students midwifery, Academic achievement
  • Maryam Ghaemi Amiri, Shima Sum*, Bahareh Esbakian Pages 31-35
    Introduction
    Since the reformation of clinical education problems can improve the quality of medical services, one of the evaluation methods for learning environment at the medical universities is to use the DREEM (Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure) standard questionnaire. This study aimed to compare the viewpoints of residents at Babol University of Medical Sciences towards the learning environment based on the DREEM pattern.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study was performed in 2013 on 106 residents studying in educational institutions of Babol University of Medical Sciences. The research tools included 7 demographic questions and 50 questions related to the DREEM standard questionnaire.
    Results
    Totally, residents had favorable views for perceptions of learning and clinical professors (73%), social conditions (63%), their academic abilities (83%) and educational atmosphere (71%); there was a significant relationship between each of the five fields (P
    Conclusion
    According to the findings, pediatrics and internal residents had a more favorable viewpoint toward their educational environment. So, paying more attention to problems in the clinical training environments in other courses needs to adopt a more comprehensive strategy.
    Keywords: Clinical training environment, DREEM pattern, Residents
  • Why Are Orthopedic Residents Reluctant to Participate in Spinal Surgeries Teaching Programs?
    Farzad Omidi, Kashani*, Aslan Baradaran, Payam Hasanabadi Pages 36-39
    Nowadays there are a few postgraduate orthopedic surgeons who wish to enter a spinal fellowship program. The purpose of this study is to determine the current trainees’ perceptions of competency in the spine fellowship education in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and evaluating their suggestion to overcome the problem. In this cross sectional study, a self-made questionnaire was developed by the Department of Spine Surgery, Orthopedics Group and completed by 21 orthopedics residents. The questionnaire contained background and analytic questions about spine surgery educational programs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS ver. 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Mean age of the subjects was 31.4±3.5 years old. Absence of spinal trauma emergency department, complexity and difficulty of these procedures were the strongest reasons for orthopedics residents’ decreased interest in spinal teaching programs. Their most important proposals included more surgeries carried out by them independently and considering a rotational course especial for spine surgeries.
    Keywords: Orthopedic Surgery, Residency, Spine, Education
  • Seyyed Nasrollah Hosseini, Mehdi Mirzaei Alavijeh, Farzad Jalilian, Anoshiravan Mohseni Band Pey, Seyyed Ali Hosseini, Behzad Karami Matin* Pages 40-43
    Shahid Motahari Educational Festival has annually been held to improve medical education quality in Iran. The present study aims to determine the product of holding six courses of the festival from the viewpoints of Medical Sciences university faculty’s members. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 473 academic members of medical universities in Iran. Participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Our findings indicated participant’s evaluated items “attracting and directing investments, commercialization products, increasing student satisfaction with teaching quality improvement, increased production of educational rules and regulations as well as reform processes, providing training equipment and devices” to be weaker.
    Keywords: Shahid Motahari Educational Festival, Faculty Members, Medical Sciences Universities
  • Reza Pourmirza Kalhori, Nahid Jalilian, Nasrin Jalilian, Ali Akbar Deh Haghi Pages 44-45
    Curriculum is a map that provides learning opportunities to accomplish specific and general objectives (1). Course content is the concept that is taught. In fact, course content is determined based on the differences derived from the final objectives of teaching and the current state (2). The perspectives of medical education authorities can contribute to promotion of current processes and can be used to assess the efficacy of educational programs (3). Teachers are one of the most important elements of the education process that teach the courses according to the curriculum and introduced references. Since the medical sciences majors involve both basic sciences and evidence-based diagnosis and treatment, it is necessary to make use of the views of teachers, as the primary users of the teaching process, on the compatibility of the curriculum presented by Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution with the content of courses.
    This descriptive-analytical study was aimed to analyze the opinion of faculty members about the compatibility of curriculum with content of courses presented at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2013. The viewpoints of 134 basic and clinical faculty members of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences were evaluated through a researcher-made questionnaire. Face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by ten faculty members of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. The reliability index of 0.81, confirmed through the test-retest method. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using ANOVA and chi-square tests.
    The studied samples comprised of 46% clinical and 54% basic faculty members. The participants reported the compatibility of curriculum with course content as 55.3% fully compatible, 38.4% comparatively compatible and 6.3% partially compatible. The highest rate of compatibility (84.3%) was reported for the departments of basic medical sciences, indicating a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.04). The highest rates of compatibility were reported for compatibility of curriculum with course topics (82.8%) and coordination of prerequisite courses (69.6%), and the lowest rates of compatibility were reported for incompatibility of hours (59.6%), syllabi (53.6%) and introduced references (41.5%). Incompatibility of presented course units with course content was specifically reported for dental majors (4). Other sources have also shown incompatibility of educational objectives with course content and lack of coverage of all educational needs of the students, reported by the teachers of medical sciences (5).
    The results of this study revealed that curriculum and course content should be prepared and updated according to the national requirements, global development and international comparative look (2), in order to achieve the objectives of Vision and Fifth Development Plan of Islamic Republic of Iran. In reviewing the curriculum and content, four parameters of updating, enrichment, mission orientation or needs fulfillment and value orientation should be taken into account (5). Medical teachers are the most significant element in the dynamic teaching process that, in addition to receiving direct feedback from their own teaching, can make the best evaluation of the compatibility between curriculum and course content.