نشریه اختلالات ارتباطی گفتار و زبان
سال سوم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1393)

The most common speech disorder in cerebral palsy is dysarthria. Spastic cerebral palsy is most commonly associated with spastic dysarthria. Physiological investigations of the speech breathing abilities of subjects with spastic dysarthria have found deficits in the speech process that could conceivably contribute to the perceived respiratory deficits of these patients. The speech process depends on respiration. Without proper breath and proper control of breath, speech is less intelligible.

Aim: Spelling is a main part of writing and it’s required some skills like visual and linguistic information such as graphophonem correspondence that these skills are depend on optimal auditory system. So the aim of this study is investigation of spelling errors of second & third grade students with hearing impairment in Ahvaz city.
This study is cross-sectional. All children in second (n=22) and third grade (n=11) who don’t have any mental, visual and learning problems was recruited from two schools for deaf children in Ahvaz. Spelling sub tests of Diagnostic Test of Reading (Shirazi, Nilipur) was performed individually. Finally spelling errors of these were analysis with SPSS software with independent T test.
the results show that the maximum errors for the second and third grade students were omission (7.36, 6.81) and graphophonem correspondence (11.04,9.36). The average difference of these errors between two groups was not significant(p≥0.05).
the result of this study and similar studies suggested that error spelling in these students related with auditory problem and visual errors is much less than others like graphophonem correspondence.so the use of visual skills in these students and education of letter to phoneme contrast cause of developing in spelling ability.

Aim: Regarding the importance of the sense of hearing in speech and language, a basic level of normal understanding is essential for the impact of treatment on different disorders. Thus, in this area, the impact of response time is one of the requirements of this information. However, due to insufficient data on the response time of the Persian language, we decided to examine syllables which are the base of all linguistic levels.
40 male students from 26-20 years of Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences whose native language was Persian were selected. Using soft ware Galileo ERP system, required information (data) was collected & statistically analyzed.
The results of this study showed that the syllables / ga / has the highest average delay in response in comparison to other syllables. In other words, this syllable is processed more slowly than other syllables. The syllable / da / was processed faster than others. The syllable / ga / has highest average of the correct answer. Namely, it was analyzed more rigorous. The lowest mean of the correct answer belonged to the syllable /ba/.
It seems because the syllable / ga / is near to the center of the body, the correct answer needs more time.

Aim: Regarding the importance of language in communication and the key role of hearing in it, speech quality assessment in determining the ability of an individual is an suitable index. The purpose of this study was to analyze the speech quality of MLU, lexical richness, the number of content words and function words in 6-4 years low birth bringing Deaf cochlear implant in comparison with peers with normal hearing and hearing that is low.
This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional analysis was performed on 45 cochlear implants; hearing-impaired and normal low children .sample selection was evenly. Questionnaire was prepared for this purpose and the demographics of each child were measured. 6 serial A3 Images and colored ones were prepared and a free sample & descriptive sample were recorded. MLU, lexical richness, number of words and content words were obtained.
The mean length of utterance in 3 groups of cochlear implants, hearing-impaired and normal low children are respectively: 2.825, 2.14, and 5.63, respectively, as well as the number of grammatical words are: 5.7, 3.56, 4.25 and number of content words in the three groups mentioned are: 135.175, 103.42, 203.63 and richness in the three groups mentioned are respectively: 0.555, 0.495, 0.665.
Significant differences between the speech quality of children with cochlear implants and children with low quality show that deaf cochlear implant has had a huge impact on speech and language development of children.

Aim: Dysarthria is a speech problem that results from non-progressive brain damage like stroke and traumatic brain damage, swallowing disorder is common after that. This study was focused on identifying role of oral motor exercise in improve swallowing problems in dysarthric adults (20-60 aged).
In this cross sectional and interventional study, 3 Dysarthric subjects with age range of 20 to 60 years were selected. The patients give treatment protocol for 12 weeks and each week 3 days by examiner. Data were analyzed by independent t test, McNemar test using SPSS 21.
Comparing between before treatment stage and after treatment stage of patients exhibit significant difference between their swallowing function scores (p According to results command form scores (p

Aim: One of the conventional ways of treating people with stuttering is fluency shaping. Experience has shown despite the effectiveness of the traditional structure of individual therapy¡ outside of clinic is not enough. For this reason¡ in recent years the group therapy increased.
The nineteen children with stutter after an initial assessment randomly enter to individual and group therapy program. Both groups during fourteen sessions treated by fluency shaping techniques. At the end the survey of parent´s openions was used to determine the effectiveness of the treatment.
comparing the effect of treatment outside the clinic¡ showed significant differences between control and experimental groups. (p=0.000)
It seems¡ group therapy for fluency shaping approach is effective in primary school children who stuttered and facilitate transfer of fluency speech to person´s living environment.