نشریه مطالعات قرآنی نامه جامعه
پیاپی 114 (تابستان 1394)

Ali ibn-e-Isa Arbali (620) is a 7th century leading historian and scholar, who spent his blessed life on invesgaon and research, and therefore developed and deepened the Holy Household’s culture. Thus, he can rightly be considered as a well-known researcher of the world of Shia, especially in the area of Imamate and Wilayat. Through invesgang the part “biography of the Holy Prophet (pbuh)” in the book “Kashf al-Qame”, this paper seeks to clarify his style of historiography. It firstly discussesArbali’s literary and scienfic posion, and theninvesgates his methodology in this book within the limits of biography of prophet. Arbali’s main goal in this book is invesgang into the lives of prophets and discussing prophet’s biography with an excursive and digressive view.In this excursive view, however, there are interesng points about his method of Prophet’s biography wring. Documenng his ideas with verses and tradions, using Sunni’s statements and sayings, quong different views on the controversial issues,using rich literary and lexical discussions are among the strengths of Arbali’s work on this secon of the book. Moderaon and unbiasedness in presenng the subjects has won his acceptance among people. Of course,Arbali’s social posion and his connecon with Sunni scholarshave contributed in this appeal. Since the eighth century, historians have made considerable use of his book(prophets’ biography secon). However, as he has only briefly dealt with the Prophet’s biography, this secon of his book has not received much aenon and other scholars havepreferred to refer to books which have more completely and thoroughly dealt with the holy Prophet’s biography.

This paper seeks to specify the interpreve tradions on the Prophet’s (pbuh) private and family life (since his birth unl Hijra) and to invesgate their content and documentaon. Aer specifying the kind of hadith, narrators of hadith have been discussed using historical and Elm-alRejal resources (Elm-al-Rejal deals with surveying of the authencity of a hadith). The content of these tradions has been scrunized based on the tradion itself, the Quranic verses, other tradions, intellect, religious principles and history. The main aim of this study is to explain and summarize Shia and Sunni views and posion on accepng or rejecng these tradions about interpretaon of verses. Generally, most Shia scholars have cricized these tradions, but many Sunni scholars accept and trust them. These tradions can be divided into four categories including: the faith of prophet’s ancestors, the faith of Abu Taleb, Sheqal-sadr (spling of the prophet’s chest), and occasion of Revelaon of Abas chapter (Surah).

Al-Manaqeb is the most famous work of Ibn-e-ShahrAshoob wrien on the virtues of the holy Prophet (pbuh) and his holy household. Aer Ibn-e-ShahrAshoob, historians and scholars of hadith, including Qotb al-Din Ravandi (573 Hijri-Qamari) in “al-Khara’ejva al-Jara’eh”,Arbali( 692 Hijri-Qamari) in “Kashf al-Qema” ,and Majlesi (1111 Hijri-Qamari ) in his two books “Behar al-Anvar” and “Hayat al-Qolub” have used this valuable book. This paper seeks to shed light on his method of historiography andwring the Prophet’s biography.Ibn-e- ShahrAshoobclaims that in wring this book, he has refrained from biased or unfounded maers, and has explicitly revealed some hidden facts. This claim,however, cannot be accepted in all cases. In his valuableintroducon, he has elaborately explained his tradionalmethod and resources.His method of wring the Prophet’s biography is based on the following principles: documentaon of historical reports by the Quranic verses, tradions and poems, using Sunni statements,analysis of events and reports in some cases,aracng readers ‘aenon towards extraordinary aspects of Prophet’s life, highlighng Prophet’s merits and virtues in his biography.

AllamehSayyedMortazaAsgari has carried out valuable research on the area of the Quran and hadith.The queson in this research was” among these valuable books, what role has the book” 150 fake companions” played in idenfying hadith fabricators? All the pages of this book were scrunized. The results showed that introducing some of the fake companions to the Shia and Muslim community,Allameh has presented some important subjects in three areas of signs of fabricaon, incenves of fabricators, and tricks for making fabricaons seem real. This paper tries to extract the methodical approach of Allameh, along with his documentaons. In all these cases, Seif ibn-e-Omar is a pivotal personage in Allameh’sstudies.Invesgang Allameh’s atude towards Seif ibn-e-Omar and his hadiths will pave the way for the other hadith researchers.

The book al-Khara’ejva al-Jara’eh, wrien by Qotb al-din Ravandi (573 Hijri Qamari),a great Shia scholar, has briefly and concisely dealt with prophets’ and infallible Imams’ miracles,and has not focused on the polical and social aspects of their lives. It seems that since the 3rd century, scholars began to pay aenon to the merits and virtues in the holy Household’s lives in books such as Basa’er al-darajat.In later centuries, some scholars like Qotb al-din Ravandi proved the infallibility and righteousness of the Holy Household by elaborately explaining this aspect of the 14 infallible Imams. The queson in this research is: what secons of prophet’s life have been invesgated by Qotb al-din Ravandi in the book “al-Khara’ejva al-Jara’eh “,and what have been his method and approach in this regard? The main aim of the present research is to compare the disnct aspects of Qotb al-din Ravandi‘s biography wring withscholars aer and before him.

With the migraon (Hijra) of Muslims to Medina, the history of Islam entered a new stage. From a combinaon of different Arab tribes, the holy prophet (pbuh) created a united Ummah, in which his pivotal presence played a significant role. He guided theArabs from division and disunity towards unity and honor. As he is a perfect exemplar in life, holding him up as an example is the most efficient way for realizaon of Islamic unity in the modern society. With his words and acons, he presented different strategies for creang unity and brotherhood among Muslims, such as the pledge of brotherhood between Muhajerin and Ansar, public treaes and mobilizaon of forces in war, which created unity among Muslims from different tribes. Muslims’ unity and solidarity will bring about bliss and posive results in realizaon of divine goals and prevenon of nondivine purposes. In light of brotherhood and unity, Muslims can prevail over their enemies and preserve their dignity and honor.