فهرست مطالب

Iranian Journal of Oil & Gas Science and Technology
Volume:5 Issue: 1, Winter 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/04/04
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Abdossamad Rastegar, Bagher Anvaripour, Nematollah Jaafarzadeh Pages 1-12
    In the present study, lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) coated with iron oxide was investigated as a low cost sorbent to remove from wastewater. Iron oxide coated LECA (IOCL) as a new sorbent was tested for its efficiency as sorbent using operational parameters such as contact time, the initial pH of the solutions, and sorbent dosage concentration in batch systems. The adsorption characteristics of the natural LECA and IOCL were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The maximum sorption efficiency was found to be 96% for IOCL at an initial pH of 6.0 and a sorbent dosage of 5 . The results revealed that the sorption kinetic data were well fitted to a pseudo second–order kinetic model. The experimental data showed that sorption was considerably high on IOCL and the new sorbent is an economical method for Ni (II) removal from effluents and aqueous media.
    Keywords: Nickel Adsorption, Water Treatment, LECA
  • Mohammad Hasan Badizad, Ahmad Reza Zanganeh, Amir Hossein Saeedi Dehaghani Pages 13-26

    Fracture reservoirs contain most of the oil reserves of the Middle East. Such reservoirs are poorly understood and recovery from fractured reservoirs is typically lower than those from conventional reservoirs. Many efforts have been made to enhance the recovery and production potential of these reservoirs. Fractured reservoirs with high matrix porosity and low matrix permeability need a secondary or EOR technique to achieve the maximum production. One of the effective EOR approaches is surfactant flooding, which reduces interfacial tension and alters wettability. Due to the complexity and uncertainty associated with such reservoirs, implementing a simulation and numerical analysis is primarily necessary to evaluate the effect of key engineering parameters on ultimate reservoir performance. This study assesses and provides a good insight into surfactant injection into fractured reservoirs using ECLIPSE software as a numerical simulator. The influences of fracture-matrix permeability ratio, initial water saturation, and the number of grids on reservoir performance were assessed and a sensitivity analysis was carried out. This study takes surfactant-related phenomena such as adsorption, surface tension reduction, and wettability alteration into account. The simulation results demonstrate that fracture-matrix permeability ratio is an important screening quantity for the selection of surfactant flooding as an EOR agent and that uncertainty in the initial water saturation of matrix has a great influence on the simulation outputs.

    Keywords: Surfactant, Fracture Reservoir, Simulation, Dual, porosity
  • Turaj Behrouz, Mohammad Reza Rasaei, Rahim Masoudi Pages 27-41
    Intelligent well technology has provided facility for real time production control through use of subsurface instrumentation. Early detection of water production allows for a prompt remedial action. Effective water control requires the appropriate performance of individual devices in wells on maintaining the equilibrium between water and oil production over the entire field life. However, there is still an incomplete understanding of using intelligent well concept to control unwanted fluids and the way this leads to improving hydrocarbon recovery.
    The present study proposes using intelligent well technology to develop a new integrated methodology for selecting/ranking the candidate wells/fields, interval control valve (ICV) size determination, and ICV setting optimization. Various technical and economical parameters weighted by expert opinions are used for candidate well/field ranking to implement the intelligent technology. A workflow is proposed for ICV size determination based on its effect on a predefined objective function. Inappropriate ICV size selection leads to suboptimum production scenarios. Furthermore, this study proposes an efficient ICV setting optimization in an intelligent well. The objective function can maximize cumulative oil, minimize water production, or conduct both. It was shown that for selecting the optimized cases, the balance between water and oil production under predefined criteria should be practiced. Real case studies were considered to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methodology. A considerable improvement in the objective function was achieved using the developed methodology.
    Keywords: Intelligent Well, Screening, Optimization, ICV Sizing, ICV Setting
  • Maryam Pahlavan, Mohammad Ali Fanaei Pages 42-52
    Reaction furnace is the most important part of the Claus sulfur recovery unit and its performance has a significant impact on the process efficiency. Too many reactions happen in the furnace and their kinetics and mechanisms are not completely understood; therefore, modeling reaction furnace is difficult and several works have been carried out on in this regard so far. Equilibrium models are commonly used to simulate the furnace, but the related literature states that the outlet of furnace is not in equilibrium and the furnace reactions are controlled by kinetic laws; therefore, in this study, the reaction furnace is simulated by a kinetic model. The predicted outlet temperature and concentrations by this model are compared with experimental data published in the literature and the data obtained by PROMAX V2.0 simulator. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed kinetic model and PROMAX simulator is almost similar, but the kinetic model used in this paper has two importance abilities. Firstly, it is a distributed model and can be used to obtain the temperature and concentration profiles along the furnace. Secondly, it is a dynamic model and can be used for analyzing the transient behavior and designing the control system.
    Keywords: Claus Process, Reaction Furnace, Kinetic Modeling, Simulation
  • Karim Salahshoor, Babak Roshanipour, Iman Karimi Pages 53-64
    The current paper investigates the influence of packet losses in network control systems (NCS’s) using the model predictive control (MPC) strategy. The study focuses on two main network packet losses due to sensor to controller and controller to actuator along the communication paths. A new Markov-based method is employed to recursively estimate the probability of time delay in controller to actuator path and a generalized predictive control (GPC) method is proposed to compensate the effect of big network time-delay, which leads to packet loss. The proposed methods and algorithms have been evaluated using a practical Smar fieldbus pilot plant to judge the efficiency of the foregoing algorithms. The obtained results clearly demonstrate the superiorities of the proposed control scheme with respect to standard MPC algorithm.
    Keywords: Network Control System (NCS), Model Predictive Control (MPC), Markov Model, Packet Loss
  • Saeid Ghanavati, Mohammad Reza Shishesaz, Mansoor Farzam, Iman Danaee Pages 65-72
    The enormous demands for metal implant have given rise to a search for cheap material with good bio-tolerability and resistance to corrosion. Although stainless steel has these properties and is widely used for this purpose, its long term application is still a concern. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel depends on the passive layer. Herein, chemical surface treatment, including passivation, electropolishing, and acid cleaning is used for improving the corrosion-resistance property of AISI 316L and 304L. Cyclic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and EDX analysis were used to investigate the properties obtained thereby. Finally, the corrosion resistance of the untreated and modified specimens was compared. The results show that the corrosion behavior of the passivated and electropolished specimens is improved.
    Keywords: Chemical Passivation, Impedance, Corrosion, Electropolishing