فصلنامه بیماری های پستان ایران
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 32، بهار 1395)

Calcium phosphate nanoparticles such as nano hydroxyapatite have shown excellent physical, chemical and biological properties and have allocated special place in regenerative medicine applications. Recently, the inhibitory effect of hydroxyapatite, as a calcium phosphate, on many cancers has been reported.
In this article β-tricalcium phosphate was synthesized using co-precipitation method and its physicochemical properties were studied (SEM, FTIR and XRD). Inhibitory effect of beta-tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles on the growth and proliferation of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was investigated.
In vitro MTT assay studies showed that the inhibitory effect was dependent on the concentration of tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles. In addition, the results demonstrated that the inhibitory effect was 78% attributed to 50 mg. L-1 concentration of tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles.
In lowest concentrations, the inhibitory effect of tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles was higher than others.

Research evidences showed that increased levels of sex hormone binding globulin play an important role in reducing breast cancer risk. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic - strength exercise training on sex hormone binding globulin levels and some obesity indices in overweight and obese postmenopausal women.
Twenty four postmenopausal women (age, 54.6±3.9 years and Body mass index, 54.6±3.9 kg/m2) were randomly assigned into experimental (n=14) and control (n=10) groups. Subjects of experimental group were performed ten weeks of training including aerobic exercise (65-75% of MHR) and resistance exercise (55-65% of 1RM). Body weight, Body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percent and sex hormone binding globulin levels measured at baseline and after exercise training program.
The results showed that after 10 weeks, no significant difference was observed in the sex hormone binding globulin levels between the two groups. Moreover, no significant differences were found in body weight, waist circumference, body mass index and body fat percent between the two groups.
This study showed that ten weeks of aerobic- strength exercise training with moderate intensity has no significant effect on sex hormone binding globulin levels and body composition in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. It seems that sex hormone binding globulin dose not favorable change in response to exercise training that does not led to reduction in body fat mass.

Anything that increases a person's chance of developing breast cancer is risk factor. Awareness of these risk factors to identify women who have a high risk of developing breast cancer may be helpful. It also allows intervening in individual and social risk factors and adjustment the incidence of cancer in the individual and our community. The aim of this study is to provide a mathematical model to determine the risk of breast cancer in screening centers.
In this study we used the data from Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) in National Cancer Institute in USA from 2000-2009 on 6318638 people. For clustering we used EM algorithm and executed in Weka software to cluster this data.
All of the risk factors do not increase the risk of breast cancer in a same mode. Some of these factors are more dangerous and increases the risk raise more than from another risk. Therefore, to determine the impact factor of the population could be achieved in a model upon which to predict the likelihood of breast cancer will be there.
The results of this study shown that using EM algorithm and effective clustering may be effective, any of the risk factors studied in a dataset and for each factor as effective coefficient obtained, and finally the sum of these impact factors on the risk of breast cancer risk factors, the risk can be predicted.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Iranian women and the incidence is increasing. There is a variation in the incidence of breast cancer across the country. Little is known about secular trend of incidence of the cancer in different cities of the country. This study aims to investigate the incidence and secular trend of breast cancer in Kashan city during 2000-2010.
This was a descriptive study, in which data were extracted from the cancer registry system of Kashan University of Medical Science and the university affiliated pathology labs in Kashan during 2000-2010. Age standardized incidence rate was used for data from the cancer registry system.
In this study, over ten years 469 breast cancer cases were reported. The incidence increased with increasing age before 59 years, but it decreased in patients with greater than 60 years .Breast cancer incidence rate showed increasing trend in the period of study.
The findings of this study showed that the incidence rate of the cancer is increasing. The cancer was the most common cancer, especially in fourth and fifth decades of women’s life. Prevention programs and awareness of related risk factors should be given to all women and performing screening would be helpful in female population at risk.

Cancer is considered as the main cause of death in the developed countries and the second leading cause of death in the developing countries. Breast cancer has a high prevalence in Iran. Therefore, this study was done to investigate the awareness of female students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences about the risk factors of breast cancer.
This study was a cross-sectional study. Out of 1,000 questionnaires, 941 were fully responded. The first section of the questionnaire contained the demographic data and the second part consisted of 9 questions about risk factors of breast cancer. According to the information the students had about breast cancer, points of weak, average and good were assigned. Using SPSS 16 software, all the collected data were entered and then Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis.
Results showed that out of 941 questionnaires, 323 were married and 618 were single. The average point assigned to the students for their knowledge about risk factors was 5.77 out of 9 which showed moderate awareness. Nursing and midwifery students with the average scores of 7.62 had the highest awareness among other faculty students. The average awareness score of faculty of Medicine, Health and Paramedical was 5.98, 5.36 and 4.12 respectively.
The results of this study show that female students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences had a moderate awareness about risk factors of breast cancer. Therefore, training is necessary and should be provided to the students who will be responsible in future.

The correct prediction of breast cancer disease is of great importance. The presence of different signs and characteristics of the disease has made it difficult for physicians’ to diagnose. Data mining allows the analysis of the patients’ medical data for medical decisions. The goal of this paper is to present an accurate model designed for predicting breast cancer disease.
In this study, the medical case files of 574 patients with breast cancer diseases with 32 features were examined. Patient information was acquired from the Mortaz General Hospital Standard Database and selected. Genetic Algorithm and Data mining are used for the purpose of presenting a model for the prediction of Erythemato-Squamous disease.
The suggested model was compared with the Decision Tree, Nayo-Biz and Nearest Neighbor methods. Results show that the prediction accuracy of the suggested model was 0.973, also for other methods the accuracy of prediction was 0.913, 0.929 and 0.951 respectively.
In the prediction of breast cancer disease, the suggested model acquired the least error and the most accuracy and validation in comparison with other methods. The Nayo-Biz method has the most error and least accuracy.