فهرست مطالب

Medical Laboratory - Volume:3 Issue: 2, May 2016

International Journal of Medical Laboratory
Volume:3 Issue: 2, May 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/04/21
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Mohammad Aberumand *, Morad Rostami, Sareh Aberumand, Masih Namjoonia, Mozhgan Khalafian, Alireza Palangi, Masoomeh Jorfi Pages 80-85
    Backgrounds and Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of potassium, sodium and zinc metal ions on ammonium sulfate fraction of acid phosphatase activity of orange fruit.
    Materials And Methods
    Acid phosphatase was extracted and purified from orange fruit and then various samples as well as a control sample were prepared in vitro. In addition to substrates, ions of potassium, sodium and zinc were added to each sample and then, acid phosphatase activity of each sample was read by spectrophotometer in the determined wavelength.
    Results and
    Conclusions
    Zinc, sodium and potassium ions can increase activity of acid phosphatase up to 87.76%, 63.53% and 18.12%, respectively. The results of this study revealed that all three ions of zinc, sodium and potassium can increase acid phosphatase activity.
    Keywords: Acid phosphatase, Metal ions, Orange fruit
  • Shokouh Rajabi Firoozabadi, Seyed Mostafa Shiryazdi, Fateme Keshavarz, Tahere Nazari, Nasrin Ghasemi* Pages 86-91
    Backgrounds and Aims: P53 gene is regarded important in pathogenesis of different cancers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the frequency of p53 gene codon 72 Arg/Pro polymorphism in women suffering from breast cancer.
    Materials And Methods
    A total of 90 patients with breast cancer and 83 matched healthy control women participated in this case-control study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood circulation, and codon 72 polymorphism of the p53 gene was examined using the amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method with 4 different primers contemporaneously.
    Results
    A significant difference was observed between patients and controls (p˂0.05) in regard with allele frequency of the p53 gene codon 72 Arg/Pro. The distribution of genotypes frequencies was also proved to be significantly different between the cases and controls (p˂0.05).
    Conclusions
    The results of the present study revealed that Pro/Pro homozygous and its Pro/Arg heterozygous genotypes of p53 gene codon 72 constitute breast cancer in our community. However, the complex instinct of the breast cancer and polymorphisms needs to be further studied in regard with different polymorphisms along p53 and various genes in this population in order to clarify the role of codon 72 in susceptibility of the breast cancer.
    Keywords: ARMS, PCR, Breast cancer, Codon 72 Arg, Pro, P53, Polymorphism
  • Mohammad Hossein Dashtir.*, Mohammad Davud Qane, Farzane Shefaie, Mohammadreza Nazemian Yazdu, Seyyed Majid Bagheri Pages 92-103
    Backgrounds and Aims: Cinnamomum Zeylanicum is a medicinal herb used in Iranian traditional medicine as an analgesic spice, which its analgesic effect has been experimentally confirmed. Thus, this study was conducted to compare the antinociceptive effect of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) with those of Morphine and Diclofenac in mice.
    Materials And Methods
    80 male albino mice were selected and randomly divided into 10 groups: a normal control group received distilled water, 3 test groups received different doses of CEO, 3 positive control groups were under the effect of different doses of Morphine Sulfate and another 3 positive control groups underwent the effect of 3 different doses of Sodium Diclofenac. Hot plate test was used to assess acute pain and writhing test was applied to measure the chronic pain.
    Results
    Hot plate test showed that response latency to painful heat and thereby the maximum possible effect was increased in groups receiving Morphine, Diclofenac and CEO as compared with the control group (p
    Conclusions
    Our findings concluded that CEO possesses antinociceptive properties. Its potency in chronic pain inhibition was similar to Diclofenac, thoughits acute antinociceptive effect was reported to be less than Morphine.
    Keywords: Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamon essential oil, Diclofenac, Morphine, Pain
  • Hojatollah Moemeni, Durdi Qujeq, Alijan Ahmadi Ahangar*, Karimollah Hajian, Hadi Parsian Pages 104-110
    Backgrounds and Aims: Stroke incidence rate has increased during the past 2 decades. The question of whether calcium, chloride, potassium, sodium levels are associated with stroke has remained controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride within stroke patients.
    Materials And Methods
    The study participants consisted of 53 cconsecutive stroke patients as well as 53 healthy subjects.The stroke was defined by focal neurological signs. After collection of blood samples, serum levels of calcium, chloride, potassium and sodium concentration were measured by standard laboratory method.
    Results
    Serum calcium level in the patient group was significantly increased as compared to the control group [11.0±1.3) vs. 9.4±0.7, mg/dl], whereas serum potassium level in the patient group was decreased as compared to the control group [3.5±0.6 vs. 3.9±0.4, mmol/L]. Serum sodium level in the patient group was slightly low as compared to the control group [136.3 ±0.6 vs. 136.7 ±5.5, mmol/L]. Moreover, serum chloride level in the patient group was slightly high as compared to the control group [102.4±7.9 vs. 100.7±6.2, mmol/L].
    Conclusions
    The study results demonstrated that a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between serum electrolytes or ionic levels and stroke status. Changes in calcium, chloride, potassium and sodium levels during stroke may be a good biochemical marker of diagnosis for this disease. Therefore, these biochemical factors could play a useful role in the stroke. However, further studies are demanded to confirm the validity of study.
    Keywords: Calcium, Chloride, Potassium, Sodium, Stroke
  • Fahima Danesh Pouya, Javad Zavar, Reza*, Beman Ali Jalali, Naser Danesh Pouya Pages 111-119
    Backgrounds and Aims: Methylglyoxal (MGO) is an –α, β dicarbonyl aldehyde inevitably produced from triose-phosphate intermediates of glycolysis, and amino acid. Increased MGO in blood leads to alterations in coagulation, clot permeability and thus, atherosclerosis in children with diabetes; however, the precise mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to compare different concentrations of MGO and aspirin on coagulation and clot permeability in the plasma of healthy individuals in vitro.
    Materials And Methods
    Different concentrations of MGO (5, 50, 100, 500 µM) and aspirin (1, 10, 100 mg/l) were added to the plasma citrate. They were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Then, coagulation parameters were analyzed by the turbidimetric procedure and then clot permeability was investigated.
    Results
    MGO at 500 µM with aspirin 100 mgl/ made significant changes in the coagulation maximum velocity (0.253±0.006), total coagulation time (803±8.88s) and permeation coefficient (0.778×10-6±0.099) compared to MGO at 500 µM (0.271±0.007), and (500±10.00), (0.446×10-6±0.017), respectively (P0.05). MGO at 100 µM with aspirin 1 mg/l did not significantly change in either parameter (p> 0.05), compared to MGO at 100 µM. MGO at 5 µM with aspirin (1, 10, 100 mg/l) changed in all coagulation and clot permeability parameters (p
    Conclusions
    Our findings revealed that aspirin (≥1 mg/l) was held to have more effects on higher concentrations of MGO. Moreover, it decreased the velocity of coagulation and increased permeability of clot.
    Keywords: Aspirin, Coagulation, Methylglyoxal, Permeability
  • Vahid Nasiri*, Gholamreza Karimi, Habibollah Paykari, Gholamreza Motamedi, Shahla Rivaz, Mohammad Eslampanah Pages 120-125
    Backgrounds and Aims: The protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania can be stated as the causative agents of the various clinical diseases. Fetal Calf Serum (FCS) is the major part of the Leishmania culture media, which is the most expensive ingredient in these media. The coconut water is packed with nutrients that yield an array of health benefits.
    Materials And Methods
    In the present study, the efficacy of the coconut water was evaluated in the cultivation of promastigotes of Leishmania infantum.
    Results
    The results indicated that, the coconut water enriched with culture medium could not support the growth of the parasites and cannot be used for cultivation of Leishmania infantum.
    Conclusions
    Leishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases that can cause human infections varying from self-healing cutaneous lesions to mucosal diffuse cutaneous and visceral forms. It is concluded that although the coconut water is an easy available and cheap replacement for FCS, it could not be used in cultivation process of Leishmania infantum promastigotes.
    Keywords: Coconut water, Fetal Calf Serum, Leishmania infantum
  • Arina Monazah, Mehdi Zeinoddini*, Alireza Saeeidinia Pages 126-133
    Backgrounds and Aims: Coxsakievirus B3 (CVB3), one of the six Coxsakievirus B serotypes, is a member of the Enterovirus genus within the Picornaviridae family. CVB3 is an important pathogen of viral myocarditis, which accounts for more than 50% of viral myocarditis cases. The genome of CVB3, like that of other Entroviruses, is a single-stranded, sense, polyadenylated RNA molecule with 7400 nucleotides in length and a single open reading frame (ORF), flanked by 5΄ and 3΄ non-translated regions. The capsids of coxcakieviruses are composed of the four structural proteins: viral protein-1 (VP1), VP2, VP3, and VP4. In the present study, a new set of primers were designed based on the VP1 for RT-PCR detection of CVB3.
    Materials And Methods
    Total RNA was extracted from CVB3-infected HeLa cell line and cDNA was synthesized using random primers. Then, PCR was carried out by specific primers and the PCR product analysis was performed using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of this method were determined using serial dilution of CVB3 cDNA and three genuses of entroviruses, respectively.
    Results
    RT-PCR assay revealed a 234 bp specific amplified fragment. The sensitivity of this test was determined 5.72 fg/µl cDNA. On the other hand, the specificity was successful in comparison with coxsackievirus A16, Echovirus 36 and Rhinovirus.
    Conclusions
    The RT-PCR is a highly sensitive and rapid technique for detecting CVB3 infection. Moreover, this method can be used as an easy diagnostic test in regard with CVB3 detection in the clinical laboratories.
    Keywords: Myocarditis, RNA extraction, RT, PCR
  • Hassan Momtaz*, Amir Ghafari, Mostafa Sheikh-Samani, Ali Jhazayeri Pages 134-141
    Backgrounds and Aims: Mastitis is a mammalian disease which is considered important due to its potential economic damages. Trueperella pyogenesis is one of the important opportunistic pathogens of the mammary glands of cattle. This bacterium can produce acute mastitis infection in dairy cattle. In fact, this bacterium has several virulence genes which contribute to its pathogenicity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the frequency of this bacterium in the sick cattle in addition to identifying the effective virulence gene in this disease and finally investigating the antibiotic resistance of T. pyogenes.
    Materials And Methods
    In total, 126 milk samples from mastitic cows, were collected and immediately transferred to the laboratory. Isolation and identification of T. pyogenes strains were performed using bacteriological methods. Moreover, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion technique polymerase chain reaction was used to detect plo, fimA, fimC, cbpA, nanH, and nanP virulence genes.
    Results
    T. pyogenes was detected in 46 milk samples. The expression of plo and fimA virulence genes was observed in all samples while fimC expression was detected in 84.7% of cases. The most resistance was observed against tetracycline (97.8%) and gentamicin (86.9%), whereasthe least resistance was reported for chloramphenicol (4.3%) and nitrofurantoin (10.9%).
    Conclusions
    T. pyogenes has been regarded as one of the bacteria causing mastitis disease in the cattle. Plo, fimA, and fimC virulence genes seem to be the main virulence factors of this bacterium.
    Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Bovine mastitis, Trueperella Pyogenes, Virulence gene