مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال نوزدهم شماره 196 (هفته سوم خرداد 1395)

Preterm delivery is the main cause of mortality and neonatal diseases. Since the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on preterm delivery in pregnant women has not been paid enough attention, therefore, this study was performed with aim to evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on preterm delivery of primigravida women referred to health care centers in Hamadan.
This clinical trial study was performed on 120 primigravida women at 21-22 gestational week in Hamadan in 2015. At first, the subjects completed demographic questionnaire and Spielberger questionnaire and were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (60 women in each group). The control group only received routine prenatal care, but experimental group in addition to routine prenatal care, learned muscle relaxation techniques and performed these exercises at home for 10 weeks, and completed daily performance sheet and were followed up to 32 weeks of gestation in terms of preterm delivery. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20), and t-test, Chi-square, and covariance analysis.
Two groups were homogenous in terms of state and trait anxiety levels before the intervention, but after the intervention, state and trait anxiety in the control group was significantly increased (P Teaching progressive muscle relaxation techniques to pregnant women can have a significant impact on reducing anxiety and preterm delivery.

Unwanted pregnancy is a general and universal problem which causes physical, mental and economic problems for mother. The increased risk of miscarriage, premature delivery and low birth weight infants is higher in these women. These mothers neglect about prenatal care that in addition to low birth weight and short gestational age at birth, these neonates are more susceptible to illness, mortality, and misconduct.Therefore, this study was performed with aim to compare infant's growth indicators in two groups of wanted and unwanted pregnancy.
This descriptive-analytic study (prospective cohort) was performed on 1000 pregnant women referred to health centers of Sanandaj from 2014 to 2015. Data collection tool was a questionnaire which was completed by interviews with mothers and infant's growth indicators were measured with standard scales, meter, and stadiometer. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 20), and T- test and Chi-square test.
Mean growth indicators of infants (weight, height and head circumference) at birth, 2, 4 and 6 months was significantly lower in case group than control group (P= 0.000).Based on t-test, there was statistically significant differences between wanted and unwanted pregnancy groups in terms of infant's growth indicators (weight, height and head circumference) at birth, 2, 4 and 6 months (P Unwanted pregnancy affects infant's growth indicators and reduces growth in newborns. Also, women with unwanted pregnancy have more normal vaginal delivery and preterm birth.

Premenstrual syndrome is one of the most common disorder of reproductive age. Women turns to natural remedies or complementary medicine to get rid of it. Health providers need to appropriate information in order to help women to choose the best alternative based on evidences. This study was performed with aim to evaluate the clinical trials which are performed about herbal and alternative remedies for treatment of premenstrual syndrome in Iran and the analysis of their effectiveness on reducing the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
In this study, 42 clinical trials were found through searching in electronic databases of SID, PubMed, Google scholar, Science direct and also searching in books and student thesis from February 2014 and using the key words including; Alternative medicine, Herbal medicine, Premenstrual syndrome, PMS, and Complementary medicine. The English articles from 2005 to 2016 and the Persian ones from 2010 were studied.
In this study, 11 different types of medicinal plants in 42 clinical trials which met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Most herbs have been studied in articles antioxidant compounds, flavonoids with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and had a favorable impact in relieving PMS. Most of the plants had antioxidant compounds, flavonoids with anti-inflammation and anti-pain characteristics and were effective in relieving the symptoms of PMS. Most of these plants had any side-effects or had minimal complications. Since the methodology of the studies were heterogeneous in terms of quality, so there was no possibility of conducting meta-analysis.
The results of studies indicate the reduction in the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms using herbal medicines such as Vitagnus, Evening Primrose oil, chamomile, wheat germ, lavender, Echinophora-platyloba, valerian, orange peel and ginger.