مجله طب سنتی اسلام و ایران
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 26، تابستان 1395)

Background and In Quran explain about effects of some colors like yellow to create happiness in people.Color perception is a psychophysiological reality and chromotherapy (color therapy) is a method that uses the visible spectrum of electromagnetic radiation in the treatment of diseases. In order to long history of chromo therapy and the tendency of people to use different methods of complementary medicine, this study designed with the aim of assessment of chromotherapy on viewpoint of Iranian traditional medicine and modern medicine.
Methods and Materials: In this descriptive study, the result of Quran versesand Iran's authentic literatureon traditional medicine was reviewed and it has been tried that in addition to analyzing the concept of color therapy, the scientific evolution of the past to the present evaluation and research to discover the scientific principles and new articles that must be examined.
The sages of Iran's traditional medicine had emphasized on thevital importance of colors in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this humors school using the color of a person's face to help identify in recognition of his temperament, and the following functional food recommendations for the prevention of disease, and ultimately the use of special paints around the patient is recommended to help improve the early disease treatment. Avoid seeing the red color in patients with nosebleeds due to blood flowing, use the red color objects on the opposite side from the strabismus eye for curing this patient, are the evidence of this treatment, which the scientific evidence for some of them are presented in the new articles.
Using the old theory ofchromotherapy, along with new treatments can help to detect and cure diseases more quickly, and improve knowledge in the field of light electromagnetic energy can contribute to the discovery of new dimensions of the ancient theory.

Background and The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is growing in both developed and developing countries. This study determined Iranian pregnant women’ awareness and practices on CAM and the reasons behind it.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive study was conducted among 320 women admitted to postnatal ward of Mazandaran hospitals from March to June 2015. Data were collected via a self-report questionnaire during 2-3 days after birth. The rate of awareness and using complementary and alternative medicine and related factors were asked. By naming 14 type of CAM, women were helped to remember their use. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and chi-square test.
In this study, 45.1% (143) of women were familiar on CAM. Also, 26.8% of women used CAM during pregnancy. Most frequently CAM used were herbal preparations (9.5%), prayer (6.5%), hydrotherapy (5%) and bloodletting (4.1%). In most cases, CAM was used throughout pregnancy (39.2%). The most common reason for use of CAM was the safety of it and the majority of users reported the effectiveness of CAM (84.9%). Results show that women who were been familiar with CAM, more used it during pregnancy at significant level. There was a non-significant higher frequency of CAM used in women with specific socio-demographic characteristics.
Although the use of CAM among pregnant Iranian women was not high, due to limited information on safety of CAM and probable adverse consequences on mother and her fetus, examine the safety and efficacy of it during pregnancy is needed.

Background and Health or disease in Iranian Traditional Medicine is due to balance or imbalance of four Humors in body. Fasd (phlebotomy) is an important treatment that restores this equilibrium. In this technique excretes inappropriate Humours through the gap in the vessel by a sword. On the other hand if this technique disused can lead many complications, thus it is necessary to fully understand its principles and applications in the treatment of various illnesses. The uterus is one of the major organs and place of birth that different disorders may affect it and also its disorder can effects on the other organs, so it is important to treat diseases of this organ. Thus in this study we try to identify Traditional Persian Medicine’s view about fasd in uterine disorders.
Methods and Materials: In this study, the traditional references for example canon, Zakhire Kharazmshahi, kholasat-alhekmah, Exir-eAzam and other books were reviewed. Important points about uterine diseases and treatments and some phlebotomy applications in the treatment of uterine diseases were collected and then classified. On the other hand, the contents of modern medicine were searched.
In traditional medicine, Fasd (Phlebotomy/ Venesection) is used in uterine disorders including menorrhagia, amenorrhea, infertility, cervical secretions and pelvic pain. But in modern medicine was not found any study about it.
Although a few phlebotomy is used in classic medicine, but according to using of this method for treating diseases especially in uterine diseases over the centuries, it seems necessary more studies and clinical trials to do to clarify real position of phlebotomy.

Background and Patients of shin splints complain of pain by palpation of the posteromedial border ofthe tibia is present over a length of five or more consecutive centimeters. As the shin splints is the one of bone injury And any body,s tissue has its own temperament¡The aim of the present study compares temperament on people patients with shin splints and healthy male and female students at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.
Methods and Materials: This study was cross-sectional. The study population were 238students of Ferdowsi University in Mashhad.89 men were healthy and 55 suffered from shin splints and 50 women were healthy and 44 complained of shin splints. To set the temperament, temperament standard questionnaire was used. 2-square test was used for statistical analysis (p≤0/05).
The results showed that there are no prominent differences in cold and warm temperament between two groups of healthy and patient people (P>0/05). Although Significant differences were observed between two groups of dry and humid temperament (p=0/001).The prevalence of shin splints was more in dry temperament people. It showed that there is a significant difference between shin splints and loss weight (P=0/001).
Because People with dry temperament are more prone to complicate shin splints, As a result, it is recommended for prevention of overuse injuries such as shin splints prolific attention to be given to people temperament.

The Dentistry is a subset of public health that is important for the people health. The Iranian Scientists were one of the first dental workers about several thousand years ago.
Iranian and Islamic physicians were used the gold teeth instead of extracted teeth to preventing the asymmetry of the teeth. Also, recommended that the decayed cavities could be filled with cement made of “Mastic” and alum. Ibn Sina has pointed to prevent tooth decay, too.
On the other hand, the same works that Iranian scientists were used to treat dental diseases are used in nanotechnology and nano-zeolite sciences. In some researches the fluoride in drinking water is separated by adsorption technology. Also, other technologies that can be used for separation of fluoride from water are the using of membranes, nano-filtration, dialysis, electrodialysis and reverse osmosis. Additionally, nano-zeolites are used as a teeth cover to prevent teeth decay. On the other hand, nano-zeolites are used in dental filling materials to make more strength of these filling materials. As mentioned, the new sciences methods were used in the last days of Iran and Islam which are the developed traditional methods.

Background and Pica is disorder of eating.The affected person tends to eat inedible and non nutritive substances like clay,chalk,ice,stone,paint,etc that lasts for a period of atleast one month and is not acceptable culturally.This disorder may have different causes as Iron or Zinc difficiency,Mental disorders,etc.It is more prevalent in pregnant women,children and societies with low socioeconomical states.It results in different complications of poisoning with the eaten substances,intestinal obstruction,dental injuries,parasitic infections,… In the reference books of Iranian Traditional Medicine it has been named as corrupt appetite which is due to bad humour in the stomach which has to be discharged by different options of nutritional management,emetics,purgatives and medicines
Methods and Materials: In this process we studied different Iranian Traditional Medicine reference books as Canon of Medicine,Alhavi-Fi-Al-Tib, Complete Al-sanaha-Al-Tebiyah, Sharh-Al-Asbab va Al-Alamat, Akbari Medicine, Hidayat al-Mutaallimin Fi al-Tibb and Azam’s Elixir.Then we extracted the attitude and approach of the writers of the books towards the pica disorder.
Approximately all of the authors of these books have the same idea of it’s cause to be the bad humour accumulated in the stomach and variable treatments have been presented to cure the disease.The rich therapeutic potential of Iranian Traditional Medicine with the very least side effects can be best used in favour of the patients who suffer Pica disease.

Background and Skin is the largest organ and as a mechanical and immunological barrier protects body against internal and external stressors. Although most of the dermatological problems are not life threatening but expensive treatments and consequences on people’s quality of life necessitate their prevention. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) has preventive approach toward all diseases as well as noting their treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of life style intervention on healthy skin.
Methods and Materials: This review article was performed to discuss the effect of six essentials of life style intervention on the skin.Therefor Persian medicine manuscripts like Canon, Kamel-o-sanaewere investigated and analyzed and compared to the extracted data from PUBMED database.
The priority of TPM is to prevent illnesses rather than the treatment which is based on the management of people’s life style including: Air and Water, Food and Drinks, Bodily movement, Sleep and wakefulness, Evacuation and retention and emotion, although when it comes to the treatment of disease these six essentials are considered as the first step before starting herbal therapy and manipulation. Among those the effects of air pollution and insomnia on the skin aging in allopathic researches have been considered as well. Also in modern medicine sweating noted as a way of the prevention of acne likewise TPM considered sweating as a way of evacuation and thereupon supporting the healthy skin.
According to the researches in TPM documents the six essentials of life style can play a fundamental role in keeping the healthy skin which has been discussed in allopathy as well.

Background and Medical massage therapy is a common treatment method in medicine and can be applied to many ancient and modern medical schools. The dierent methodologies for evaluation of massage characteristics will also be discussed briefly during three different historical eras of medicine, namely, Chinese, Iranian, and modern medicine .This paper will explore the history of the massage therapy from Persian and Chinese Traditional Medicine.
This article is a review study in which the information was collected through searching PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Civilica, and SID. Clinical articles and related text books without any time limits were studied using specific keywords. Data was then compared, analyzed and adapted and finally a conclusion was drawn.
In Persian traditional medicine the massage that is mentioned as “Dalk and Ghamz” based on its dierent characteristics and described dierent duration of each movement , duration of the pause, temperature , the equality or inequality of force, the regularity of the rhythm . Chinese scientists have been able to update the old massage style, and offered them as an accepted method at the global level.
Chinese and Iranian medicine, massage therapy has been used in a large number of illnesses. The scientific capability of Chinese and Iranian medicine and their common cultural and scientific aspects could help in designing a new pattern for treatment of disease. A consolidated approach and joint researches are suggested for clarifying some hidden aspects of this complication and its treatment.

Background and Treatment of patients is one of the most important parts of the health system of any country that has an enormous cost. In modern medicine, there is not enough attention to nutrition while in traditional medicine, treatment's topic is hygiene and nutrition
Methods and Materials: This lecture is a Library's study for finding of the principles of treatment that based on nutrition, particularly Iranian Traditional Medicine Books like Al-Qanun fi tibb, Manafe Alaghzyeh va Dafe Mazarreha, Mofarrah Algholub, Almorshed, Tohfeh Hakim moemen. After Search in this texts, we selected subjects are connected with Food, treatment, Quantity of Food and a Brief about Quality of Food and Reconciled with parts of modern medicine.
In traditional medicine, one of the three major treatment's strategy is Hygiene and Nutrition and About Nutrition, There Are Important Rules that Play basic Role in Treatment Including the Effect of food quantity, the quality of the food and the effect of the two together in foods and Speed digestion of food and the strength and speed of penetration and Products of Metabolism of Food.
the rules for selecting of food and its effects in the treatment Are listed in traditional medicine Texts That About the quantity of food law, principles regimen (prohibition-Fasting), dietary restriction (reduction), modification of food and add the Food is worth investigating. In the hope that this article, which measures the relationship between traditional Medicine and new researches, can Provide better and less expensive ways to treat patients and open wider horizons.

Background and Cupping therapy is one of the traditional folk medicine in many countries that is used in patents to restore balance to their bodies. Today the use of this treatment significantly increased but considerable effort to explain the mechanism of the effect of this treatment and presented in relation to it, has not been. To investigate the theories about the mechanism of the therapeutic effects of cupping that discussed above in the world this review was designed
Methods and Materials: In this review article, two systems, "Google scholar" and "PubMed" was used for the search. Keywords "Al-hijamah / Cupping", "mechanism of action", "theory" and "hypothesis " individually and in combination, in Persian and English from 1998 to 2015 were searched.
Among the mechanisms and theories have been proposed, five theories, namely the theory of Greek medicine, Chinese medicine theory of energy, Pain theory, Auto hemolytic and Homeostasis theory and Taibah theory that had more scientific evidence to confirm Were chosen and provide more complete description reasons for rejection or approval there.
The scientific evidence presented by providers theories, showed that Taibah theory has stronger scientific evidence and perhaps in the future after further investigation it can be used as the primary mechanism of the effect of cupping therapy.

Background and Some of the injuries depends on the nature of the sport and the environment and some of them are rooted in athletes. But the nature or temperament of athlete as a possible cause of the damage has not been considered yet. Temperament in Iranian traditional medicine has a key concept in definition of health and disease of human. Hence, the aim of this study is investigating the relationship between the prevalence of sports injuries and temperament of athletes from the perspective of traditional medicine in heavy and light exercises.
Methods and Materials: 240 male athletes with age range 27/4 ± 9/6 and experience age 6/8 ± 3/7 in light exercise (130) and heavy exercise (110) were selected randomly. To detect temperament we used from the questionnaire determination of hot and cold temperament and to assess the level of prevalence and severity of injury was used from the reporting form of the injury athletes. To investigate the association between qualitative variables was used from chi-square and fisher test and Kruskal-Wallis test was used for quantitative variables. The significant level p Research results showed that 63/8% of athletes have sanguine temperament and 1.7% of athletes have phlegmatic Temperament. Muscle, joint, skeletal, skin Injuries was more in heavy exercise than the light exercise. Athletes with sanguine temperament had most injuries and athletes with phlegmatic Temperament had minimum injuries. The results showed no significant correlation between the prevalence of sports injuries and temperament of athletes (p≥0/05).
Due to the characteristics of temperamental, hot-tempered people are more willing to participate in sports, and therefore they are more exposure damaging than other groups. Cold-tempered people with regard to their temperamental features, such as loose and easygoing and will be less likely to participate in sports activities and therefore less injury happen for them.

Background and Pre-operative anxiety is associated with a high incidence of postoperative pain, increased consumption of narcotics and anesthetics, delayed recovery and discharge of patients from hospital. Due to the effect of some medicinal plants have anxiolytic and sedative, this study aimed to compare the effect of cinnamon oil plant with oral diazepam on anxiety in patients before the surgery was performed.
Methods and Materials: In this clinical trial study, 60 patients 60-15 years old referred Imam Ali hospital Bojnoord, were divided randomly into two groups. At 21 the night before surgery, group 1, 10 drops of cinnamon juice oral and group 2, diazepam (5 mg) were mixed in 50 ml of tap water, were administrated. The Spielberger anxiety questionnaire were recorded before intervention and one hour before surgery. Data were analyzed using statistical tests.
In this study, the cinnamon group were 83.3% male and 16.7% female and diazepam group were , 76.6% male and 23.3% female. The Manifest and hidden anxiety reduced from 49.6±5.5 and 50.4±6.1 to 38.2±5.9 and 38.1±5.9 in the first group and 50.2±5.0 and 49.8±5.8 to 40.9±6.1 and 39.1±5.5 in the second group. compared two groups showed no significant difference.
According to the results, cinnamon can reduce anxiety in patients undergoing surgery and can be used as a pre-medication drug.

Background and Some knowledge about medicinal plants is available in old references or books. But important point is, the information of traditional usage of medicinal plants from different parts of Iran be worthwhile and people is encouraged to use of them, another way it is a good background for future examination about medicinal plants. One of the most important sources of traditional medicine data collection is indigenous people. So the aims of the study are asking the knowledge from eldest and native people to accumulation the wealth and to guide interested people to use of medicinal plants.
Methods and Materials: Definition of the area was done based on 1:65000 topographic maps, then medicinal plant specimens were collected during years 2012-2013. Local knowledgeable people were questioned about usages of medicinal plants and data were recorded. Collected plants were deposited and identified in Herbarium of Agriculture and Natural resources research center of Kurdistan.
Overally 40 medicinal plant species belonging to 38 genera and 13 families were determined. Lamiaceae with 7 species and Asteraceae with 8 species had the highest species richness respectively. The most folk medicine was used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.
Results showed that numerous and valuable medicinal plants were found region. Traditional usage of medicinal plants is more accepted among people of the area. So, further studies may be more effective from pharmacological view of point.

Background and The city of Fasa with an area of 4205 square kilometers in the south of Shiraz (Fars Province). This city because of its diverse climate, biodiversity and species of the region is important. The aim of this study was the identification of medicinal plants of city by using the knowledge and experience of indigenous people and also introduction of unknown properties and characteristics of these plants.
Methods and Materials: In order to introduce medicinal and aromatic species, the collected plants after transfering to herbarium were identified by using various floras, then by using local information of direct interviews, we take action to record the pharmacological properties.
by studing the collected samples, about108 medicinal species suspended to 38 families and 97 genera were identified in region. The greatest number of species arerespectively related to the chicory family (Asteraceae) with 13 species in the next row of Lamiaceae family(Lamiaceae) with 12 species, legume family (Fabaceae) with 8 species, Rosaceae family (Rosaceae) and umbrella (Apiaceae) with 7 species.
According to the number of drug types in this area, this pasture ecosystem can be used as a natural habitat area for basic education for the exploitation of natural resources, especially harvest of medicinal plants.

"Onsol" known as “Squill” and “Basal-al-far” in Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) is a plant in the family Asparagaceae. Two kinds of “Onsol” have been mentioned inITM manuscripts, red and white. In this paper, we tried to determine the scientific name of“Onsol” which hasthe characteristics mentioned in ITM literatures are corresponding to the characteristics ofDrimiamaritima(L.)Stearn. The white bulbs of “Onsol” have been used medicinally. White bulbs from different parts of Iran are available in Iran herbal market and all of them are Drimiamaritima(L.) Stearn.