مجله تحقیقات آزمایشگاهی دامپزشکی
سال ششم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1393)

Iran has always been enjoying a diverse culture and language throughout its rich history of existence. Contrary to one' expectation, this diversity of culture has helped the country to one of the most united and integrated countries around the world despite its critical location in an unstable region of the world. The present research that was carried out for the first time in Iran, attempts were to collect record and write the local names of hydatidosis, one of the ruminant's infection diseases. Rural, is composed of different ethical and group of population with different accents and sometimes different Language unfamiliar to other locals regions, but villagers to conserve to each other use local names on the issue of animal husbandry, as well as hydatidosis, which is accompanied with important economical damage in animals damage as well as hygiene in human being. The agent of this infection is the larva of intestinal cestode of carnivores, Echinococcus granulosus. The present note, that it was carrying out a questioner for the fist time in Iran, containing accents, studied geographical area and date. Then it distribute, through Veterinary Organization to 31 veterinary departments. In the questioners 78 local name were noted for hydatidosis with a range of 1-10 per provinces. Although no dialect was not noted in Alborz, Qom and Bushehr provinces. The results of the study can be used in familiarizing the public and those who are in the linguistic field with the ethnical aspect or the veterinary medicine applications.

From March 2010 to May 2011, 61 stray dogs were captured from Qom province and euthanized then aupospied for digestive tracts helminth infections. Cestodes and acanthcethala were relaxed in tap water, stained by alum acetocarmine and cleared in xylol and nematodes cleared in lactophenol for identification. In the present study, 86.88% of dogs were infected with cestodes, 57.37% with nematodes and 3.27% with acanthocephalanes. Helminthes fauna and their prevalence were as follows: Taenia hydagena (32.79%), Echinococcus granulosus (26.22%), Dipylidium caninum (49%), Taenia mulpiceps (14. 75%), and Mecestides lineatus (1.36%), Toxocara canis (37.70%), Toxascaris leonina (21.31%), Rictularia cahirencis (3.27%) and Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (4.91%). The spectrum of intensity of all worms was 2-24, except E. granulosus that was being between 700-3000. All helminths are transmissible to carnivores, and those T. hydagena, E. granulosus, T. multiceps to ruminants and those of E. granulosus, D. canicum, T. multiceps and T. canis to human beings.

Vermicomposting could be a suitable technology for the transformation of different waste into available products. Vermicompost industry is the based on earthworm. Although, there are more than 7000 species of earthworm in the word, but Eisenia foetida is one of the most important for soil fertility. Of course, several studies showed which earthworms the variety of activities such as healthy food as well as in medicine. The aim of this study was to assess, the influence of different waste such as vegetable, paper, banana, carrot, bread wastes on the growth and development of E. foetida. The effect of various wastes on growth, reproduction and adult's weight of an earthworm E. foetida was studied under identical laboratory conditions. In the use of banana peel, flour and paper filings baby number from 500 has risen in 2000, 1800 and 1500 respectively. The maximum amount of vermicomposted soil compared with controls, were related to the paper filings and lettuce (145 and 106 g respectively). Generally the earthworm population, weight of adults and the amount of soil vermicompost, showed that paper filings and banana peel were the best medium for earthworm E. foetida.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of orally administered β-glucan (Macrogard) extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Macrogard) 1 and 2 gr per kg of feed on growth factors and hematological parameters including hematocrit, hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, total red and white blood cells of rainbow trout (28.20± 2.50 gr). The fish were divided into 3 groups including control and Macrogards treatments. At the end of the experimental period (45 days) Bloods were taken and bloods parameters were evaluated. The results showed that the fish growth and FCR in Macrogard treatments were significantly positive compared to control treatment (p0/05). A significant increase in the number of white blood cells in the treatments compared to the control was observed (p

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of milk thistle seeds (MTS) to ameliorate gene expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the livers of broiler chicks fed with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). 96 one-day-old (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used. They were randomly assigned to four treatments, 4 replicates and 6 birds in each unit. Group (1) was kept as a control and other groups received feed containing MTS and AFB1 for 3 weeks, i.e. 2) basal diet supplemented with 500 ppb of AFB1 per kg of feed, 3) basal diet supplemented with MTS (0.5%) and 4) basal diet supplemented with MTS (0.5%) and 500 ppb of AFB1 per kg of feed. On day 35 livers were collected (3 per treatment) to evaluate changes in the expression of IL-6 gene after reverse transcription of RNA extracted from liver tissue were taken. In addition, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was performed for IL-6. The result revealed expression of IL-6 decreased in treatments which is received AF while MTS alone increased IL-6 expression. The variables that were evaluated in this study showed that MTS had significant efficacy in diminishing the aflatoxin negative effects on the chickens.

Neospora caninum is one of the causes in aborted cattle in the world, accompanied with millions dollars economic loses. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bovine Neospora caninum in aborted fetuses in shahrekord, by Nested-PCR method. Among the 100 aborted fetuses brains, 11 cases ( 11%) were infected. According to our results, Neospora caninum is one of important factors of abortion in dairy cows in Shahrekord.

Blastocystis is a zoonotic and anaerobic protozoan that transmitted directly by the cyst via contaminated water and food. It is cosmopolitan in distribution and its prevalence is higher in the community with poor hygiene. Stool samples (n=196) were collected from cattle of slaughterhouse (98 samples) and dairy farms (98 samples). DNA extracted for each sample and analyzed by PCR for Blastocystis contamination. Out of 196 samples , 19 ( 9.6% ) samples were positive for Blastocystis that 12 ( 12.2% ) samples were form cattle of slaughterhouse and 7 ( 7.1% ) samples from cattle of dairy farms. Since cattle are as an important source of food for the supply of meat and other products in Iran, hence investigation of the contamination and possibility of transmission to humans is of particular importance.

This study was conducted to investigate the simultaneous effects of season and subclinical mastitis (SCM) on some hematological and biochemical parameters in ewes. Therefore 150 milk and blood samples were collected from SCM ewes and 992 milk and blood samples were collected from healthy ewes in spring and summer. 16.94% and 10.97% samples were positive for bacterial culture in spring and summer, respectively. There is not any significant difference in results of RBC and PCV parameters in ewes with SCM and healthy ewes in spring and summer but total protein concentrations and plasma fibrinogen in both groups of ewes were significantly higher in spring than summer (P˂0.05). The results of the present study indicated that season and SCM has prominent effect on hematological and serum biochemical parameters in ewes.

The prevention and alleviation of pain associated with surgery is the main responsibility of veterinarians. At present, no information regarding veterinary attitudes towards the management of pain in surgical patients in Iranian Veterinary Schools is available. In this study, the attitudes and the current practice of anesthesia and the availability and prescription of analgesic drugs for perioperative pain management in small and large animals have been investigated in 9 Iranian Veterinary Schools. In general, the results of this pilot study indicate that the management of pain in animals is suboptimal and inadequate. Although all clinics had access to several NSAIDs, actual prescription rate was low. Opioids were routinely available only in one clinic. In an attempt to improve the attitudes of veterinarians towards the management of pain, organizing continuing education programs on the topic of pain management and revision in the veterinary medical teaching curriculum are required. Availability of opioids may also play a significant role in the improvement of postoperative pain management in animals.