مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 6، تابستان 1374)

Rectus sheath hematoma can be an unusual cause of abdominal mass that may present as an acute intra - abdominal problem. There are multiple causes and 1 with a tnrouqt: history, usually some precipitating factor can be identified. Hematoma is frequently due to rupture of Epigastric vesseles and only rarely to rupture of Rectus Abdominis muscle fibers. Misdiagnosis may result in the performance of unnecessary surgical procedures. Ultrasound examination, CT scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful in making an accurate diagnosis. Treatment is usually conservstive.ln this paper, a case of spontaneous Rectus sheath hematoma during pregnancy is reported.

Carcinoma of the breast is considered to be the number one cause of death for women in many countries. Diversity of opinion and contraversies still exist among specialists in taking a unified treatment protocol in this disease. Although in the present century, many researchers and specialists have been doing extensive work on this problem which has resulted in a large volume of written material on carcinoma of the breast, very little research has been done on perioperative complications of mastectomy.
In this article we will show that the incidence of wound infection after mastectomy is very high and is many times greater than clean surgical cases, and even higher than clean - contaminated cases llkesuppuretive append icitis,
In this study we performed a retrospective 12 year, review on wound complications of modified radical mastectomies (MRM) on 105 cases. Although these complication rates were high, they were comparable with those of international literature. This study also compares the rate of wound infection in MRM which is a clean surgical wound with the same number of suppurative appendicitis which were also retrospectively studied in a two - year - period and proved statistically that the rate of infection in MRM is higher than that of suppurative appendectomies, which is a clean-contaminated wound.
In conclusion, factors which were thought to contribute to high rate of infection in a clean operation like that of MRM are discussed and preventive measure suggested.

The field of prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies has had great advances in recent years. Today we are able to diagnose different fetal anomalies in early developmental stages, and correct some of them, through prenatal fetal surgery.
In this paper, we begin by describing the advances in surgical treatment of some fetal diseases such as, diaphragmatic hernia, lung sequestration, pleural effusion, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) urinary tract obstructions , sacrococcygeal teratoma and twin-twin transfusion syndrome, then discuss new fields of research generated by the study of fetal surgery.

During a 14-month period (Dec. 1990-Jan. 1992) , renal biopsies were performed on 105 patients with suspected glomerular disease. All specimens were processed for light microscopy (L.M) and immunoflourescence. Work-up revealed 21 patients to suffer a systemic glomerular disease and glomerular disease was found to be primery in 85 cases.
Predominant IgG deposition was noted in 71 cases with primary glomerular disease and IgA deposition was predominant in 13 cases (15.5%) . Among patients with IgA nephropathy there were 11 males and 2 females, with a mean age of 31 ± 8.3 years (range 18-48). All except one were normotensive .
There was neptuotic range proteinuria in 5 and elevated serum IgA in 9 cases. 24-hour proteinuria was significantly lower among those with IgA nephropathy(3 ± 2.03 g/day vs. 5.87 ± 0.45 g/day, p

The application of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for treatment of chronic paranasal sinus diseases had become widely accepted. The diagnostic and therapeutic potential provided by transnasal endoscopic approach has allowed us to manage a variety of disorders other than inffammatory diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In this prospective study indications, complications and results of FESS in 200 patients is reported.
The pathologic conditions that necessitated surgical intervention were: chronic sinusitis with or without polyposis (88.5 %), antrochoanal polyp(2.97%), inverting papifoma(1.78 %), hemangioma(1.19 %) and meucocele of maxillary sinus (0.59 %). The operative metod was mainly based upon the Messer klinger technique. Major complications occurred only in %59 namely postoperative hemorrhage which was easily controlled. Minor complications occured in 8% of cases that include, periorbital hematoma (1.19 %) r obstruction of the maxillary sinus ostium (1.78%), and synechia between middle turbinate and lateral nasal wall (5.16 %) s which were almost entirely repaired during the post operative follow up.
6-24 month follow ups of our patients revealed a total recovery of rate of 95.88 %, which is comparable to the results of FESS in well know centers through the world .

A thirteen years old girl was referred for back pain and right thoracic scoliosis, complete spastic paraplegia, bladder and bowel incontinence.
The patient had history of back pain for a 4 year period eventually leading to scoliosis and neurological deficiency. Symptoms gradually worsened up to 4 months before admission converting to complete spastic paraplegia and bladder and bowel incontinence.
Imaging study revealed destruction of T7, T8J T9 vertebral bodies with severe cord compression. Resection of tumor and cord decompression plus anterior spinal fusion were performed by two rib strut graft. uneventful neurologic recovery followed surgery and then the patient underwent posterior spinal fusion and compression and distraction Harrington rod instrumentation for structural scoliosis.
A 4 year period toltow-up revealed full recovery and solid spinal fusion and she is now walking without aid of any devices. The histologic study of pathologic bone tissue revealed osteoblastoma. Review of literatures confirmed no previous report on affection of three adjacent vertebral bodies by osteoblastoma.

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the variance in academic achievement in two personality types, namely A and B. 100 medical students at internship level from Zahedan University of Medical Sciences were dissociated on the basis of type A and B by type A behavior questioner . In addition, intensity of anxiety and the experience of a recent stressful life events were assessed in each subject. Furthermore, relationship between personality type of subjects (considering intensity of anxiety and the experience of stressful life events) with the means of recent four years averages(as an academic achievement indicator) was investigated. Data analysis by ANOVA in a computerized program • SPSS u indicated:1) There are no significant differences in academic achievement in two personality types A and B .
2) Type A personality subjects, report significantly greater anxiety than type B personality subjects.
3) The experience of a stressful life events has a significant relationship to lower academic achievement .
On the whole, results of this research, to some extent, are in accordance with other similar research.