مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 10 (بهار 1395)

Introduction and Aims: Malva (Malva sylvestris L.) is member of the Malvaceae family, native to Iran, which used as food and medicine to treat many disorders in traditional medicine. The present article has reviewed different aspects and new finding about this medicinal plant.
In this study using Iranmedex, Sid, Web of Science and Science Direct databases, articles on various aspects of mallow was reviewed, with using keywords: “malva” and “pharmacological effect”, and “medical plant”.
In traditional medicine, M.sylvestris has been used in pain relief, inflammation, wound healing and treatment of kidney disorders, skin problems and efficacy against microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria. Arial parts of this plant are highly valuable for animal feeding. Antioxidant properties of Malva are due to delfinidin, malvidin, beta-carotene, cyanine, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, mucilage and phenolic and flavonoid components.
Traditional applications of M.sylvestris in treatment of many diseases and its valuable medicinal and herbal components could provide a context for scientists to develop plant-derived medications such as antibiotics, sedatives and inflammation treating drugs.

Introduction and Aims: The students as key elements of university make the main bodies of the various society organizations. Students’ attitudes towards field of study and future career are one of the factors influencing on quality of educational services. Therefore this study was conducted with the aim of the survey of the students’ attitude of the Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences toward their field of study and future career.
This cross sectional study conducted in Feb 2012. The population of the study is comprised of all the students of the Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was a self-made questionnaire including 34 questions. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact by SPSS v.16.
The student’s average age was 20.54±1.24 and 61% of them were female. Average score of student’s attitude towards field of study and future career estimated 44.18±5.96 and 46.85±1.93 respectively. Also in this study age of students has significant relationship with field of study (P=0.024) and future career (P=0.032).
According to the results, major of students have positive attitude towards their field of study and future career. People’s complete familiarity with the academic fields and good counsel can play significant role for further strengthened attitudes.

Introduction and Aims: Data on the association of adherence to DASH-style and glioma are scarce. This hospital-based case-control study examined the association between adherence to DASH-style diet and glioma in a group of Iranian adults.
Cases of glioma (n=128) and their age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=256) were recruited from hospital. Participants’ dietary intakes were assessed using a validate food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to DASH diet was evaluated.
After controlling for potential confounders, individuals with the greatest adherence to the DASH diet were less likely to have glioma compared with those with the lowest adherence (Odds ratio for the highest vs. the lowest tertile: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.13-0.54). Additional controlling for BMI did not influence the association significantly (0.28; 0.13-0.57). A diverse association was also seen between consumption of fruits (0.31; 0.14-0.68), legumes and nuts (0.23; 0.10-0.53) and risk of glioma. We found a significant positive association between red and processed meat intake and risk of glioma (2.60; 1.16- 5.81). Individuals in the highest tertile of salt intake were 2.87 times more likely to have glioma than those in the bottom tertile after taking all potential confounders into account (2.87; 1.30-6.34).
We found that adherence to the DASH style dietary pattern was inversely associated with glioma. In addition, some components of DASH diet, including red meats and salt intake was positively associated with glioma. Consumption of nuts and legumes as well as fruits was inversely associated with glioma.

Introduction and Aims: Failure to thrive (FTT) is defined as delay or stop in a child’s growth and in case it is not considered, will lead to serious somatic complications in the child. In this study, associated environmental factors with failure to thrive in Sarbishe 3-72 month old children was examined.
The present study with an analytical cross-sectional design was conducted on 3-72 month old children in Sarbisheh city. This study was done on 422 children under supervision of Sarbisheh health center. Case (children with FTT) and control groups (children without FTT) were matched for age and sex. For data analyzing, the Chi -square, t- test and logistic regression were used by SPSS v.22.
From characteristics of the household; maternal education level, maternal occupation and mother’s pre-pregnancy BMI had a significant relation with FTT in children. From characteristics of the child; birth weight had a significant relation with FTT in children. From economic characteristics of households; housing and addiction of the mother had a significant relation with FTT in children.
According to the factors associated with FTT in children, parents education about child nutrition, attention to mother's weight before pregnancy, supporting unprivileged children or children with irresponsible parents is important in children's health promotion.

Introduction and Aims: Access to safe water in terms of physical, chemical and microbial parameters is one of the health care providers of community. Testing and analyzing are essential to understand the safety of potable water. The purpose of this study is investigating the chemical and physical quality of drinking water resources in cites of Bandar Torkaman, Bandar Gaz and Kordkoy.
Material and In this descriptive and crosses- sectional study, 43 samples of deep wells were collected from 3 cities during2006-2010 . 15 parameters analyzed according to standard methods, comparing to the WHO standards.
The results revealed the parameters of EC 625,992,650 μmho/cm, TDS 273, 535,523 mg/l, Nitrate 9/7,10.9,9.9 mg/l, Sulfate 19, 25.6, 39.2 mg/l and Chloride 22, 182, 185 for Bandar Gaz, Bandar Torkaman and Kordkoy, respectively. Also, the average value of hardness in drinking water 185, 255 and 317 mg/l calcium carbonate for Bandar Gaz, Bandar Torkaman and Kordkoy, respectively. According to hardness of water quality Bandar Gaz and Bandar Torkaman, Kordkoy ranged between hard and very hard water group. Fluoride concentration ranged from 0.3 to 0.4 ppm, where 100% samples showed fluoride less than permissible limit.
According to results, the mean concentration of most physico -chemical parameters except fluoride concentration in Bandar Gaz, Bandar Torkaman and Kordkoy drinking water resources is within the Iran and WHO standard limitations.

Introduction and Aims: Bone metastases have bad potential effects on the individual life period. One of these complications is hypercalcemia that cause dizziness, nausea, constipation and azotemia. Pamidronate reduces skeletal complications in patients with bone metastases. This study evaluated effect of Pamidronate on hypercalcemia BUN and Cr in cancer patients.
In this quasi-experimental study, 41 patients with malignancy referring to Ramsar Imam Sajjad hospital were selected by convenience sampling. In this study 90 mg of Pamidronate was injected intravenously monthly for 3 months. Data collection was done through demographic and clinical data questionnaire and blood samples. Data of before and after intervention were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t tests, chi-square, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests with SPSS v.11.5 and P The most common cancer was breast (43.9%) and bone metastasis point in most patients (65.9%) was diffuse. The results of this study indicated that there was significant difference between serum Ca (calcium) (P=0.015), BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) (P=0.031), ALKP (Alkalin Phosphatase) (P=0.002) before and after treatment, but there was no significant difference between Cr (Creatinine) concentration before and after treatment (P=0.41).
Pamidronate is effective in prevention of hypercalcemia and decrease BUN and Cr. So, it can be used as main and routine treatment.

Introduction and Aims: The evaluation of the quality of life helps us to fundamentally focus on the patients’ problems and drastically causes the treatment methodologies to be reconsidered. The present research studies the quality of life and related factors in the Hemodialysis patients in the educational hospitals of Zanjan, Iran.
This descriptive cross-sectional study has been carried out on 74 patients in two Hemodialysis centers in Zanjan. Convenience sampling was done in 3 months. To assess the different parameters, standard of living questionnaire of kidney patients (KDQOL) was used.
The findings showed that 8.1% of the patients had a good quality of life, 70.2% experienced medium quality of life and 21.7% had a poor quality of life. The mean and the standard deviation were 44.4 and 14.2. The highest average and standard deviation of the quality of life of samples in the 9 aspects were related to “pain” with the scores of 57.6 and 12. Also the lowest was related to “physical health problems” with the numbers of 18.5 and 11.
According to the results of this research, the poor quality of life is remarkable among the hemodialysis patients. Definitely accurate planning with a proper focus on the most important elements related to the quality of these patients’ lives can be helpful.

Introduction and Aims: Psychiatric disorders are common to reducing social functioning. Diabetic patients are vulnerable group against this kind of disorders. The aim of present study was investigation of the prevalence of psychological disorders in diabetic patients.
In this cross-sectional and discriptive study, 100 persons from the statistical population were selected by convenience sampling as experimental group and there were 100 non-diabetic patients in control group. Two groups were matched in age, education and socio-economic status and were assessed by means of SCL-90-R test, containing 90 items for psychiatric disorders evaluation. The cut off point of 0.4 has been reported for Iranian society. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and the results of SCL-90 were used, at the significant level p According to the results the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in diabetic patients were more than non-diabetics. The highest and lowest scores in people with diabetes were due to anxiety and psychosis respectively.
Diabetic patients are particularly vulnerable to developing mental health disorders. Regular assessment and timely referral to treatment would increase mental health interventions and appropriate investments to improve the policies. It seems that psychiatric disorders has a considerable role in quality of life of patients with diabetes.