مجله پژوهش های کاربردی در مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 17 (تابستان 1395)

This paper aims to investigate standardization of professional ethics questionnaire of Sporting coaches. Population of the study consists of all national and international coaches of football, wrestling, track and field, martial arts, judo, hockey, volleyball, golf and sports of the disabled in lorestan province. Target based sampling was used that finally 200 individuals responded designed researcher-made questionnaire. the questionnaire according to survey of literature, semi-structured interview with 15 sport management scholars and according to exploratory method. Confirimatory factor analysis (CFA) also used for construct validity. Result based on exploratory factor analysis showed 38 questions in six factors of philosophy of coaching ( 5 items) , interest in job (8 items) useing the collective wisdom (6 items) the rule of law (7 items) respecting the values and social norms (7 items) and human relationships (4 items). Internal consistency of the questionnaire with Concluded that Cronbach's alpha was 763. this questionnaire has good scale to measure professional ethic of sporting coaches. It is Suggested that future research use this questionnaire in different sampel and fields.

The Purpose of this research is determination of the organizational entrepreneurship based on social capital components in Youth and Sports general office of Ilam province. This research is a descriptive study based on correlation method using a sample. statistical population of this study according to information of the human resources department in (2013) is consisted of all official, contractual and contract employees of Youth and Sports Department in Ilam, included 75 people. sampling method was also based on the total number counting and non-probability. Research tools used in this study, were an organizational entrepreneurship questionnaire of Marguerite Hill (2003), with reliability of 0/85 and the second questionnaire, were Social capital with reliability of 0/85 by Mr. Mohammad Hussein, Ansari (2010). Data were analyzed by one sample T. Test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there are positive and significant relationship between Social capital and organizational entrepreneurship among employees. Social capital with entrepreneurship have Interconnected relationship, So that increasing each factor will enhance the other one and vice versa. This reflects that there is significant relationship between the two components.

The current study aims to investigate viewpoint of professionals and sport executives about the role of athletics on social development indicators. The methodology was analytic-descriptive and conducted in survey research. The statistical population in the research involves physical education professors and ph.D. candidates in sport managment of Tehran province and people working in the sport federations (about 700 persons). For example, the 203 sample people (39 professors, 113 Ph.D., 51 people employed in the Federation) were randomly from each Stratified selected. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the 38-question questionnaire developed by the researcher was used “investigate viewpoint of professionals and sport executives about the role of athletics on social development indicators". Its content validity was confirmed by 15 academic professors and experts. and its reliability was studied in a pilot study with 30 subjects and its Construct factor with confirmatory factor analysis was confirmed. Reliability was 0.92 using Cronbach's alpha. The statistical descriptive-inferential methods, for data analysis, such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and independent t-test of single group, analysis of variance and Duncan test using the software SPSS, Version 20 were used. The results showed that the average attitude of professionals and sport managers, , about role of athletics sport on social development indicators, in social welfare, personal health, social health, social unity, indicators was high, but on social justice index was low. Thus, according to positive attitude of experts about the role of athletics on social development, an appropriate plan to use it for this purpose should be done.

This study aims to eveluate publication delays in scholarly journals of physical education branches published in Iran. The population of present study included all scholarly journals of physical education published in Iran in which 16 journals were one- branch journal in 5 branches of physical education selected as statistic sample by judgment sampling and in total 1276 articles evaluated. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistical (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal Wallis and Spearman Tests) by SPSS software in significantly level P≤0.05 have been used. Research results showed that journals of sport management branch have highest delay in 3 stages of Submitted- Accepted, Accepted- Published and Submitted- Published among physical education branches. There is also significantly difference in 3 stages of Submitted- Accepted, Accepted- Published and Submitted- Published among journals of physical education branches. Moreover, there is significantly relationship between publication number with stages of Submitted- Accepted, Accepted- Published and Submitted- Published. In total, it seems that the publication delays in scholarly journals of physical education especially of the sport management branch is at the upper level and should be reduced as much as possible in different ways so that other researchers benefit updating scientific production.

The current study was aimed to standardize (reliability and validity evaluation) Persian version of customers’ satisfaction questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of all customers of aerobic and bodybuilding clubs in Tehran who had a minimally 6- months record of joining these clubs (N=100000). Using Morgan’ table, 417 customers, through cluster sampling, were selected as the sample of this study. Data were collected through Yi Chin Liu (2008) questionnaire which included the following five factors: club appearance,attendants,convenience, promotion, facilities. The questionnaire scoring system employed Likert 1 to 5 scale (from 1 completely unsatisfied to 5 completely satisfied). Persian version of the questionnaire was verified and subsequently its cultural and conceptual validity was confirmed by specialist professors in sport marketing domain. Reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient (a=0.90). After that, Cronbach's alpha was used as measure of internal consistency, Bartlett's Sphericity test and the KMO index were adopted as measure of sampling adequacy and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used for construct validity of the questionnaire. These analyses were performed by SPSS and Lisrel. The findings related to construct validity were based on T-value and correlation among variables. They showed that all questions had significant relationship with factors and were good estimators of their related factors. Moreover, values of =4.73, RMSEA=0.076, NNFL=0.91, AGFL=0.92 and PGFL=0.95 confirmed statistical model’s goodness of fit. Thus construct validity of data collection measure was in turn confirmed.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of demographic characteristics on the level of sport infrastructures and sport participation of Ahvaz citizens using the HLM model. This study has been implemented through applied field method. The first statistical so ciety included all purpose sports halls, swimming pools and grass - grounds that belong to the Department of Youth and Sports in Ahvaz and the government departments included 99 cases. The second statistical society included all individuals who use the sport facilities which is 66135 persons. The statistical sample of first and second, by using Morgan table, respectively, n1 = 86 as a sporting venues and n2=384 as persons were selected. The tool for collecting Data is researcher - made questionnaire in which three sections, their demographic characteristics, criteria and standards for sport and sports participation (α =0/87) was adjusted. For analyzing data and testing hypotheses from descriptive statistics and inferential statistical regression model with random coefficients and random effects model ANOVA was used in HLM6 software. The results showed that between the proximity criteria and location, access, hygiene and maintenance and aesthetic of sports and citizens sports participation, there is a meaningful relationship. Also Increasing sports infrastructures at the macro level and education and income at the micro-level will increase their participation. It was found that errors at the micro-level and macro level are respectively 1.181 and 0.951 which turns out that changes in the level of sport participation in level one is more than level two.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of demographic characteristics on the level of sport infrastructures and sport participation of Ahvaz citizens using the HLM model. This study has been implemented through applied field method. The first statistical so ciety included all purpose sports halls, swimming pools and grass - grounds that belong to the Department of Youth and Sports in Ahvaz and the government departments included 99 cases. The second statistical society included all individuals who use the sport facilities which is 66135 persons. The statistical sample of first and second, by using Morgan table, respectively, n1 = 86 as a sporting venues and n2=384 as persons were selected. The tool for collecting Data is researcher - made questionnaire in which three sections, their demographic characteristics, criteria and standards for sport and sports participation (α =0/87) was adjusted. For analyzing data and testing hypotheses from descriptive statistics and inferential statistical regression model with random coefficients and random effects model ANOVA was used in HLM6 software. The results showed that between the proximity criteria and location, access, hygiene and maintenance and aesthetic of sports and citizens sports participation, there is a meaningful relationship. Also Increasing sports infrastructures at the macro level and education and income at the micro-level will increase their participation. It was found that errors at the micro-level and macro level are respectively 1.181 and 0.951 which turns out that changes in the level of sport participation in level one is more than level two.

The purpose of this research is to survey the impact of organizational citizenship behavior on customer satisfaction and customer loyality of Private Shahrekord’s sport clubs. The research is descriptive and conducted through survey research. The population included Customers and staff of Shahrekord’s Clubs That on cluster sampling, four regions were selected. Then from each region 15 private club (totally 60 private club) were randomly selected. Finally, 300 persons of customers and 135 persons of employees were selected as recerch samples. Measuring instruments included questionnaires OCB Paul and Manguk (2002) with the reliability (0/87) and customer satisfaction questionnaire Clubs with The reliability (0/77) and Customer Loyalty Questionnaire Liu (2008) had reliability (0/81). In order to determine causal relationships and modeling, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used. Based on the results of structural equation modeling, Citizenship behavior variable rate (0/34) a direct effect and the amount (0/57) has an indirect effect on customer loyalty. Citizenship behavior scale (0/74) is a significant and has a positive impact on customer satisfaction. These numbers indicate a significant and positive dimensions of impact on the 5 citizenship behavior on customer loyalty and customer satisfaction. The results of Conceptual model of citizenship behaviors and customer satisfaction and customer loyalty path analysis confirmed. To achieve maximum customer loyalty, sport clubs need for further strengthening of civic virtue, conscientiousness and citizenship behavior in order to pave the way for customer satisfaction and their frequent presence in Sport clubs.

This research aimed to prioritize women management barriers in sports organizations by the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The present study is considered a combined research in terms of data collection and relations among variables and a functional research in terms of objectives. The research target population is composed of all experienced managers (with over 5 years of management experience) and professionals in the sports management (Faculty Members) that were 300 persons during the study (2014). First, women management barriers in sports organizations were recognized using interview with five professionals and experienced managers and by the method of theoretical saturation. Then, considering the results of the interview, a questionnaire was prepared by the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and given to the respondents via simple stochastic distribution and 180 questionnaires were gathered according to Morgan Table. Reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by 15 professionals of sports management. In this research, descriptive statistics was used to describe the variables and the research sample and then inferential statistical tests were used to review the research questions. Also SPSS, version 22, and Expert Choice 11.00 were used in this research. The findings indicate that the barriers of women presence in the managerial positions of sports organizations, lack of equal conditions between women and men to promote in organizations, and lack of trust in women in Iranian culture were the most items pointed by the respondents. Womenmanily mentioned cultural factor as the most effective component and men mentioned individual factor as the primary element of women management barriers. Paying more attention to cultural barriers and culture promotion via media will help women to contribute in the managerial affairs of sports organization alongside men.