نشریه مطالعات ملی
سال هفدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 67، پاییز 1395)

Tourism industry is considered as one of the main parts of the global economy. Development of tourism as a cultural phenomenon can provide opportunities for cultural exchange between tourists and host communities. Tourism can have direct and indirect effects on host society culture. This study was aimed to examine the cultural effects of tourism in city of Yazd using Fuzzy DEMATEL. Results of this study confirm that, achieving new ideas by contacting with other cultures and their lifestyle, changing in behavior patterns of society, leaving cultural beliefs in imitation of tourists, revitalizing national and cultural pride, providing opportunity for identifying and organizing regional cultural resources, and cross-cultural interactions are direct cultural effects of tourism in city of Yazd. Results of this study can be useful in providing strategies for comprehension and management of the cultural effects of tourists in the city of Yazd.

Stability literature is one of literature types that many religious concepts and values of revolution and stability literature can grow. Whether stability literature in form of story can return missing identity to Iranian youth is the main matter of this article and whether mainly war category and values of "Holy Defence" can be an outstanding sample of national, Cultural and historical identity? In this article, after mentioning subjects in definition of stability literature and its relation with identity, we will study and analyze "Bivatan" novel written by Reza Amirkhani, the writer of new generation after the war and by analyzing characters of the story and its style of writing will show that "Bivatan" is representive of historical, Cultural and religious in Iran contemporary society and the writer tries by using post-modern narrating methods that is a trick to show contemporary human without identity, to show that values of Holy Defence and soldiers, stability and resistance of imposed war are real identity of Iran contemporary society. Writers of this article think that "Bivatan" novel wants to show that values of Holy Defence and ideals of imposed war’s soldiers are missing identity of Iranian youth.

In their social life, people may pass by different places; private rooms, restaurants, parks, streets… If one of these places is elevated to a unique position with various meanings attributed to it, the place will consequently constitute parts of man's social concerns. Such place is called "memory-site". The main question of this paper is to demonstrate how the graveyard of war victim's in Isfahan (Golestan-e-Shohada means the Garden of Martyrs) appears as an emotional and identical memory-place for war victims' families. A synthetic approach has been deployed in conducting the research in which for the qualitative part twenty families have been interviewed with interpretative method while 180 families have participated in the quantitative section in order to help us in gathering our data. Our findings assert that Golectan-e-Shohada can be regarded as an emotional and identical memory-place for war victims' families. Golestan-e-Shohada has functioned as a unique place in formation of the identity for the place, restoration of religious identities, persistence of familial values, arousing people's emotions and making people pay attention to some symbols.

Communication and integration as increasing among various societies urges the need for more interaction in the world which, finally, results in ''globalization''. Scholars in the field believe that the process of globalization includes cultural convergence and assimilation from one hand, and a sort of divergence and variety on the other hand. Therefore, the challenge existing among the local culture, national identity and the global culture is a subject to further thought which, as a result of reflection approach, manifests itself in the art work. Due to its applied nature and due to its relation to the daily life, graphic designing is a major part of the visual culture. Cultural change, emerging from a long term shift in the visual change, reflects the need for the analysis in the challenge between the national identity and the global culture. This study is an attempt to reveal the place of the Iranian Graphic in the challenge between the national identity and the global culture focusing on the most influencing event, namely, Iran's biennial graphic. The statistical society is the biennial posters of the past ten years (2000-2010) studied through content qualitative analysis method using the reflection approach and the layered semiology technique. The result shows that Iranian Graphic design reflects the national identity more than the global culture.

The development of a new Islamic civilization in the present age is one of the most fundamental issues that preoccupied the minds of many thinkers inside and outside the country. In this regard, based on the views of the supreme leader “Ayatollah Khamenei “should take five steps to achieve a new Islamic civilization picked up, respectively include the Islamic revolution, Islamic system, Islamic state, Islamic society and Islamic civilization. In the chain of Islamic Civilization, we are in the stage of the Islamic state civilization, it is necessary to simultaneously consider both instrumental and true aspects of civilization. The present study methodology is qualitative content analysis. Through documentary study, this article will be classified, hardware and software requirements of the formation of a new Islamic civilization in three dimensions: knowledge, attitude and skills; and will present the form of certain tables.

This paper aimed to investigate the national identity of students and its relationship to web-based social networks usage. A synthetic theoretical framework consisting Giddens's identity theory and BallRokeach & DeFleur's dependency theory has been used. Using survey method, Population of the study has been Yasouj university students, from which 400 students were selected, based on Lin Sampling Table (1976) as the sample size and were determined by classified-multi stage random sampling method. A standardized questionnaire was used for data collection, which its face validity and Cronbach's alpha (National identity=0.888) used for its validity and reliability, respectively. The findings showed that there was a significant direct relationship between membership time-history and National identity of students. There was no significant difference in National identity of the students according to their membership situation, and kind of social networks usage; moreover, there was no significant relationship between the degree of social networks use and national identity. Independent variables could explain 3.5 percent of the variance of the dependent variable.

The religious identity for its nature is the most important part of identity dimension and plays a crucial role in identifying the individuals in a society. For this reason this research is a study on the religious identity of the youth and its relation with watching IRIB Hamadan Centre TV programs. The primary question is what meaningful relation exists between the young’s continence of ethic codes and the TV programs they watch. The technique is survey and the statistical population is 400 using questionnaire for data collection. The practical theory was planting theory by Gerbner and Dorkim religious identity. A population of 18-35 formed the statistical population in Hamadan in 2004. The findings were analyzed by T-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation and linear regression and multivariate analysis. The results signify that women abide by the religious codes more than men and those with stronger convictions spend more on watching state run television programs. The less people abide by religion the more they watch satellite programs. Those with stronger religious beliefs watch religious, scientific and listen to traditional music on television. The less religious are people, the more they tend to watch western movies and TV series and listen to western music.