فصلنامه پژوهش های روان شناسی اجتماعی
پیاپی 19 (پاییز 1394)

The aim of this study was to predict the aggression of students based on callous- unemotional trait, early traumatic events, and attachment styles (secure and insecure attachment style).
For this purpose, a sample of 320 high school students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The instruments of this study were Boss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU), Early Trauma Inventory (ETI), and revised adult attachment scale (RAAS). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression.
The results showed callous-unemotional traits (r=0/29), early traumatic life events (r=0/34) and insecure attachment (r=0/32) had a significant positive relationship, and secure attachment (r=-0/20) and had a significant negative relationship with aggression. Also the results of multiple regression showed that early traumatic life events, callous-unemotional traits, insecure attachment and secure attachment could predict 0.25 percent of the total variance of aggression.
The results showed that early traumatic life events, callous-unemotional traits, insecure attachment and secure attachment are risk factors in the development are aggression.

This study was conducted to predict social health based on alexithymia components.
The study method was descriptive-correlative and the study population was all employees of 22 District of Tehran Municipality that 120 staff were selected as study sample by using convenience sampling. The instruments of study were Keyes Social Health Questionnaire (2004) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (1986). Data analyzed by using descriptive statistic, Pearson correlation and multiple regression.
The results of Pearson correlation indicated that social health had significant and negative relationship with all component of alexithymia (difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings and externally oriented thinking). Also multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that among the alexithymia components only difficulty in identifying feelings could significantly predict social health.
With regard to negative significant relationship between alexithymia and social health, by using appropriate treatment strategies for alexithymia we can promote social health.

Recently one of the most interesting topics in cognitive psychology is the metaphor. Because of their cognitive properties, metaphors were applied in psychological therapy. This research's aim is study metaphorical cognitive therapy for in social anxiety disorder.
This semi experimental research conducted with 40 voluntary person with social anxiety that randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Both groups answered to Social anxiety questionnaires (Connor, 2000) as pretest. Experimental group received 12 sessions of metaphorical cognitive therapy based on Heimber (2000). The value of pretest and post-test compared with covariance analysis.
findings showed significant reduction of social anxiety in experimental group compare with control group.
Results indicate the importance and effectiveness of metaphorical cognitive therapy for in social anxiety disorder.

The purpose of the present research is to study and compare the social competence and anxiety symptoms among monolingual and bilingual students.
The study method was descriptive & casual-comparative; and the study population was all students of primary schools in Kermanshah during academic year 2014-2015 that 160 students (80 monolingual and 80 bilingual were selected as study sample by using multi-stage cluster sampling. The instruments of study were social competence questionnaire (Flenz et al.) and Spans Child Anxiety Scale (SCAS). Data analyzed by using MANCOVA.
Findings indicate that there is no significant difference between the social competence scores and behavioral skills among monolingual and bilingual students (p>0.05, ἡ=0.001). Also cognitive skills monolingual students significantly was more than bilingual students but motivation and expectation were lower in contrast with bilingual students (p According to these results, bilingual students need to more attention and teachers and other responsible person should have enough information about their mother language.

The aim of this study was the role of religiousness, identity styles and happiness on prediction of social health.
The research method was descriptive-correlational method. 300 students of Pakdasht PNU were selected by multistage cluster sampling and they answered to Religiousness, identity styles, happiness and social health questionnaires.
The results of Pearson correlation showed there was a significant relationship between religiousness and social health, and its components (prosperity, cohesion and participation). Also, information and normative identity styles were significant correlated to social participation, and the avoidant style was negative correlated to cohesion and social acceptance style. Happiness was significant correlated to all components of social health. In addition, regression analysis showed that commitment explained 9% of the variance of social health; and commitment, happiness and religiousness explained 14 % of the variance of social health.
Regarding to the findings of this research, it seems that religiousness, commitment, and happiness have important role in predicting of student's social health.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Matrix model in enhancement of social support and relapse prevention in subjects with opiate dependency.
In a semi-experimental study, 34 subjects with diagnosis of opiate dependency who successfully detoxified were divided into two experimental group (16 subjects) and control group (18 subjects) selected by cluster random sampling method. The experimental group received 32 sessions of Matrix model training and the control group did not receive any treatment. All subjects were assessed by Social Support Appraisal Scale (SSAS) and morphine test before treatment, randomly during treatment, after treatment, and after a 4month follow up stage. Data analyzed by using 2 test, Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA).
2 test result showed that experimental and control groups had a significant difference in relapse rates. In addition, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) showed a significant difference between two groups in social support enhancement at periods of post-test and follow up.
Study results indicated that Matrix model is effective in relapse prevention and social support enhancement in people with opiate substance dependency.

The purpose of this study is to comparing self-perception, perceived social support and risking in students by symptoms of social anxiety with normal group. The statistical society of the study include whole of B.A. students of Islamic Azad University at Karaj.
The samples include 303 (147 female, 156 male) which has selected randomly. The SPIN, BSCT, MSPSS, IARS tests has been evaluated. The present research is causal-comparative. The data analysis has done by two-way variance.
The study findings showed that: The mean of self-perception in normal group is more than anxiety group and there is not any difference between subjects. The mean of perceived social support is more than anxiety group. The mean of perceived social support in female students is more than male students. Between subscales of social support, the mean of three subscales include family, friends and important persons in normal group is more than anxiety group. There isn’t any difference between mean of family and important person subscales in female and male students but friends’ subscales in female students was more than male students. In relationship between risking, the mean of groups of anger’ subscale, in normal group was lower than anxiety group and mean of drug, alcohol, sexual behavior is lower than male students.
According to the results the students by signs of social anxiety had lower levels of self-perception and perceived social-support and higher levels of risk-taking as compared by normal students.