فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی و ارتباطات
پیاپی 43 (تابستان 1395)

Historical discourse is one of the aspects of meaning to contemporary cultural identities and is constructed via collective memory, narrative, fantasy and myths. One of the fields which has dealt with rethinking critical history and has reformulated it in relation to power and control systems is postcolonial theory.
This study tries to reread historical discourses about Kurdistan and their narrative aspects as well as discursive formulations. In this study, by means of Ernesto Lacao’ critical discourse methodology, we have studied the historical texts by Kurdish and European writers about Kurdistan history. The overall conclusion of this study is that postcolonial and nationalist discourses are the contexts in which the history of Kurdistan has been recorded; in this history Eurocentric and nationalist-teleological narratives are the narrative form of this history.

This article aims to analyze Siyahatnameh-ye EbrahimBeyk; an influential book on Iranian constitutional revolution as a medium for awakening people in Ghajarera. Furthermore, we want to know how the political and social & cultural situations of Ghajar were represented in the book. We use thematic analysis, a qualitative analytical method for identifying, analyzing and reporting patterns (themes) within data, to examine the themes and concepts of the text. In the first step, we identify and Generate Initial Codes. After creating and developing the codes, we search and produce meaningful themes. According to the themes, finally, we try to answer the research questions. Our main question is how the book represents the political and social &cultural conditions, we show it has had four functions: to describe the status quo, to illustrate the flaws of status quo, to present some solutions to overcome them and to depict an ideal situation. The second question is, how the content of the book can intrigue people for revolutionary activity. Introducing new concepts such as “law”, “progress”,“civildisobedience” and so on and also comparing the situation in Iran with the other developed countries, are two important themes in Siyahatnameh that both can answer the last question.

Of ancient historical documents we infer that the relationshipbetween Iranians and Armenians is thousands-year old relationship. Ancient neighborhood of these two nations has created tight cultural relationship between them. Relationshipbetween Iran and Armenia, which enjoys the thousands-year oldsupport, based on cultural, political and historical featuresstanding two and also intellectual and spiritual commonalities. Commonalities regarding race, geography, history and culture have overshadowed the difference in religion in a way that Armenia has become one of the closest countries to Iran. Now the question that arises is that the capacities and potential of cultural relationship between Iran and Armenia, to what extent is and ever has been to make best use of this potential. Accordingly, within the framework of constructivist theory, hypothesis of this study is based on the view that despite the longstanding cultural ties between Iran and Armenia and also a lot of potential, actual capacities and potentials between the two countries has got an acceptable level that has not ever been. This article uses descriptive - analytical method based on electronic library resources and is compiled and written.

The main objective of this article is to understand the reason for covering consumption (different coverings and Hijabs) of the young girls in the city of Amol. It also attemptes to achieve the young girls’ perspective on covering codes and the typology of different patterns. In order to do so, in the theoretical section of the article, different patterns including “ GHODSI pattern“, “ MOGHAVEMATI pattern “, “ TALFIGHI pattern “ and “ORFI pattern “ have been differentiated. The qualitative method has been applied using interviews (individual-by group). The variables have been targeted with a theoretical saturation.
​Results show young girls have different meanings in choosing different clothing, therefore the overall results of the interview leads to 8 main categories including obeying the stereotype of Hijab, the pleasure of aesthetics, sociability, confronting social insecurity and a sexual approach to covering. This article also considers young girls’ approach to satellite channels. By order the most consumers of this media are “resistance pattern”, “secular pattern”, “combinational pattern” whereas the “sacred pattern” is the only group which has a severe approach towards satellite programs.

The performance of science journalists in the press
This study aims to evaluate the performance of science journalists in the press using quantitative content analysis. Accordingly, the contents on science and technology page of four newspapers of Jam-e-Jam, Keyhan, Khorasan, and Afarinesh were investigated. The study results show that science and technology materials in the newspaper are rarely highlighted. These are mainly extracted from other sources and little compilation occurs in this area. Most of the content on these pages is related to health and IT technology. Science policies and science controversies, in accordance with the principles of development journalism, have been much neglected on social scale and regarding knowledge production. In these pages, the dominant styles of science writing like narrative style reporting, which is based on the textbook of the World Federation of Science Journalists, has failed to be used.

The aim of this study is investigating semiotics ofadvertising on Persian-language satellite and TV internalAccording to Roland Barthes point of view. This study was performed with a qualitative approach and the samples werethird network TV ads and Gem TV - Persian-language satelliteof channels - in the first two months of the summer of ninety-four. Of both the networks¡ two homogeneous ads targeted andnon-random sampling method were selected to analyze thesemiotics. From the third network collected 112 commercial andfrom Gem network 48 commercial and were classified in eightcategories. Results showed that advertising on both the cultural context in accordance with the View of Barrett's messages weredistorted. That has enormous implications and uses symptomswere trying to distort reality to myth-making. The results alsoshowed that¡ Advertising satellite network not only ignore moral and cultural norms in the country the audience But also next towith advertising¡ Tried to distort its culture and change¡ Create a new style in the life Iranian people and Replacement was for Iranian religious and national myths. Internal advertising alsocomply with certain ethical standards and according to thecultural contexts in society¡ Still the ads served to the capitalist system and its fundamental purpose is to promote and myth-making. Therefore advertising don’t have the role of awareness. So that in the satellite network service ethicist the profitabilityand distorted culture of society.

The social exclusion status of the disabled is one of the important subjects in the area of disability studies. The present study aims to understand and describe the social exclusion status of the disabled and study how to distribute it among the disabled. In other words, the present study investigates the exclusion rat of the disabled from social relations and participations, education, labor marker and consequently the embarrassment of the disabled. The main purpose of the present study is to identify and examine the distribution of social exclusion aspects among the physical-motor disabled. Also, the questionnaire (survey) method was used in the present study. The statistical population of the present study includes the 15-64 year-old physical-motor disabled who have file in the social welfare department of Rey City. The sample size includes 369 subjects and data collection method is questionnaire. Spsssoftware was used to describe the data. The research findings show that the disabled experience a severe and high social exclusion in all its aspects including exclusion from social participation, so that 68.6% have very low social relations, exclusion from the labor market, so that about 50% of the population are unemployed and the others have false and informal jobs, exclusion from education, so that the education level of 55% of the sample size was under diploma and consequently they have high social embarrassment. According to the extensive size of poverty, illiteracy, unemployment and poverty in social relations and participations and embarrassment among the disabled and according to the young statistical population that shows the growing and increasing process of this undeniable risk and if this process continues it will cause the absolute exclusion of the disabled. Thus, scientific approaches and strategies must be considered to significantly stop and reduce the social exclusion of the disabled and these problems.