پژوهش نامه اسلامی زنان و خانواده
سال چهارم شماره 6 (بهار و تابستان 1395)

Nowadays, more than before, the scientists have focused on the family. The aim of this study is to design a pattern of family therapy interventions with a systemic approach that is more consistent with indigenous and Islamic system; thus, a number of religious resources, Islamic softwares, and scientific psychological texts in the fields of family, woman, and man were reviewed. After some diagnostic interviews, the tests of marital satisfaction and the scale of general family function (using Family Assessment Device (FAD)) were conducted among 40 families and on average, 10 sessions (one and a half hours) of systemic spiritual family therapy were held with a focus on the activation of sexual need based role (men’s love and women’s empower). The findings showed that the mean of marital satisfaction meaningfully increased in comparison to the beginning of therapy as well as the pattern of roles, both in the structure and functioning of change and family. The data collected from clinical observations and family member’s self-monitoring also showed that the functioning of positive interactions among family members increased due to the determination of roles. Regarding the determination of woman’s and man’s roles based on Islamic and spiritual frameworks, a pattern of systemic spiritual family therapy was designed. According to theories and experimental findings in the field of family, this pattern is certifiable and using it in consultation with the families referred to counseling centers leads to increasing marital satisfaction and problem-solving of family function meaningfully. Therefore, the pattern of systemic spiritual family therapy can be used in preventing and solving the family problems.

This study has been conducted with the aim of psychological analysis of perceived parental care and construction of its primary test. In the theoretical part, both descriptive method and content analysis were used. In this part, first, verses and narratives were analyzed and four main components named physical, mental, spiritual-belief, and moral-social cares were obtained. Then, a 93-item perceived parental care questionnaire was designed by those components for measuring perceived parental care. Delphi survey technique was used for content validity and the test was experimentally performed on 103 respondents. After that, by a number of statistical methods, primary reliability was measured. The content validity was analyzed by 15 experts and it was confirmed with the mean score of 0.477% and the Kendall’s coefficient of 22%. The primary reliability was also confirmed according to Cronbach’s alpha (95%), Guttman split-half correlation (0.86%), and Spearman-Brown split-half correlation (0.90%). For construct validity, correlation of sub-scales with each other and with the total score of scale and also correlation of each item with total score were calculated. The study results showed that designed questionnaire has a favorable validity and reliability. Among demographic variables, only the difference of mean in the variable of parents’ economic status is meaningful. Based on that, the level of perceived parental care observed in the respondents who had a good or moderate economic status is higher than the level of perceived parental care observed in those who had a bad economic status.

The aim of this research which has been conducted using the grounded theory is to investigate the women’s strategies for achieving peace in marital life and its consequences. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with sixty married women living in the city of Tehran and then they were analyzed with the help of theoretical coding. The women apply various strategies for achieving peace in marital life which can be divided into two groups: attitudinal strategies and interactive strategies. The attitudinal strategies consist of strategies that by having some effects on the women’s attitude create and increase a feeling of peace in marital life. The interactive strategies include strategies that by having some effects on the interactions of women and their husbands, children, and families create and increase a feeling of peace in marital life. In addition, the consequences of the women’s feeling of peace in marital life can be divided into two groups: individual consequences and family consequences. The individual consequences are the effects of feeling of peace that belong to the women, themselves. The family consequences are the effects of feeling of peace that belong to family members, the husband and children.

One of the indexes of cultural development is the women’s employment. Given that the women’s employment is permitted and leaving home is a necessity for their employment, this article tries to identify the problems of the women’s employment and explain its desirable conditions with regard to the cultural development based on the customs and religious values of society. The article, with the aim of achieving a pure life, investigates the conflict between the women’s employment and the duties of mothers and wives. In today’s society, the women’s employment outside the home is being common and it makes some problems, for example, the problems of duties of mothers and wives; thus, in consideration of the cultural development based on Islamic-Iranian culture, the desirable conditions will be prepared when the women’s employment is not an absolute priority. This article employed analytical-descriptive and library methods.

The verses and narratives have paid attention very much to the issue of woman and that is why some Muslim scientists have opened a door of explaining that issue in the subjects of ethics, practical wisdom, and home management. In this paper, the status of women from the views of Ghazali and IbnArabi has been comparatively studied. This paper first investigates the views of these two scientists in connection to the issue of woman and then judges and compares their opinions. Ghazali points out the high and valuable status of mothers in his works and persists in observing the mother’s rights; but when he describes the status of wives in the family, he imputes many faults and defections to them, does not consider any social status for them, and suggests the men avoid them. IbnArabi explains the dignity of women and wives in the universe and family and also believes that the wives have a valuable status in the family. He says the women, like the men, have all perfections and positions, deprecates the avoidance of women, and suggests the men love them.

The health of family and couples’ good relations depend on their thought toward the wife, self, and universe. This research has been conducted in order to measure the effectiveness of family-oriented psychological program based on the Islamic-Iranian pattern on the couples’ positive thinking. In a quasi-experimental design, forty couples with a child studying in a school in the city of Tehran were selected by the convenience sampling and then they were randomly divided into two equal groups of test and control. The test group was trained for ten 150 minute sessions (one session per week). The respondents to the Khodayarifard et al.’s positive thinking questionnaire (2014) were analyzed during pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and ANOVA with repeated measure tests were used for data-analyzing. The results showed that there is a meaningful difference between two groups in terms of the increase of positive thinking in post-test and follow-up phases (P