مجله پژوهش پرستاری ایران
پیاپی 43 (مهر و آبان 1395)

Stressful situations are one of the problems of nursing professionals, which can reduce the productivity of nurses. This research was conducted to assess the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation styles and thought action fusion, and job stress in nurses.
This research was a descriptive correlation study. The statistical sample of the present study included 246 nurses, who were working in psychiatric and neurology wards of western and east Azerbaijan and Ardabil in 2015 years. Samples were selected through sSimple random sampling. The Garnefski Cognitive Emotion Regulation (CERQ-short), Rachman Thought-Action Fusion, and Health and Safety Executive job stress (HSE) questionnaires were used for the data collection. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. P values of less than 0.05 were considered significant.
The results of multi-variable correlation coefficient with enter method indicated that cognitive emotion regulation strategies had a role in explaining job stress (R2 = 28%); thought-action fusion factors also had an (R2 of = 54.7%). There was a positive relationship between nurse's job stress and catastrophizing strategies (r = 0.380), responsibility for positive thoughts (r = 0.675) and responsibility for harm avoidance thoughts (r = 0.578) but a negative relationship with acceptance (r = -0.222), positive refocus (r = -0.263) and refocus on planning strategies (r = -0.323) was found.
The results indicated a correlation between the TAF and maladaptive strategies, and job stress. Thus, it is suggested that nurses should develop logical cognitive beliefs and effective emotion regulation strategies to reduce their amount of professional stress.

Job satisfaction as one of the most important variables in organizational behavior is, an issue that is of particular interest to managers within organizations. This study aimed to determine the effect of organizational justice dimensions of on nurse's and health worker's job satisfaction.
The present. The population of the study was, 440 nurses and health workers of private hospitals in Shiraz. According to Morgan’s sample size table, 205 people were selected. Data collection was done by, four standard questionnaires with answers scored on a five-point Likert questionnaire. Data were analyzed using path analysis and using the (lisrel 8.5) software.
According to the study, job satisfaction increases along all dimensions of organizational justice and procedural justice has the greatest impact on job satisfaction. The result of path analysis showed that the relationship between all dimensions of organizational justice and organizational commitment is a significant positive relationship. All dimensions of organizational justice, except procedural justice decrease, work - family conflict. Finally, the results indicated a direct relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and a significant negative relationship was found between work-family conflict and this variable.
Because procedural justice has the greatest impact on job satisfaction, and on the other hand, it doesnt have a significant relationship with work-family conflict, it is necessary for organizational policies and procedures to be devised in a way to facilitate the recovery of organizational and job attitudes.

Until now, the concept of spiritual health has not been explained according to Islamic teachings and Iranian culture and there is no appropriate scale. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a scale to measure the spiritual health of Islamic patients based on Islamic teachings in Iran.
A mixed method study was done. In the first qualitative stage, a hybrid model with five stages was employed. Using the MAXQUDA 7 software, the data were analyzed according to qualitative content analysis. According to definition and attributes of spiritual health based on Islamic teachings, an 82- item scale wass developed. In the second stage, a quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out on 310 Muslims patients in Mashhad and Bojnord, Iran. Psychometrics of the scale was examined with face validity, content validity, construct validity and reliability using the SPSS 11 software.
At the qualitative stage, definitions, 30 empirical referents, insequences, and consequences were developed based on Islamic teachings. At the quantitative stage, the final scale of spiritual health, based on Islamic teachings consisting of 32 items with cognitive and behavioral domain, was developed.
A nursing care model should be designed to promote spiritual health and follow up the outcomes should be based on the context of the Islamic society.

To promote the growth and development of infants hospitalized at intensive care units, (NICUs) appropriate care should be provided. Improper care leads to various problems in infants, such conditions that endanger their growth and development. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the challenges of caring at neonatal intensive care units.
An exploratory and descriptive qualitative study was performed. Participants included five mothers and 25 nurses working at the NICU`s of teaching hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Purposive sampling was conducted until data saturation. Data was collected through unstructured interviews and field-work. All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed line by line. Conventional content analysis was used for data analysis.
The challenges of care at the NICUs emerged to four themes and ten categories, including: 1. Interactions (professional, family, and interactions with the infants), 2. Ccare (routine-orientation, understanding the need for the developmental care and conflict between traditional care and developmental care), 3. Structure of the NICU (deficit of the structural standards and equipment, survival or death) 4. Nurses’ competence (inadequate expertise and unsuitable employment).
Care at the intensive care unit for newborns, has always faced challenges. According to the findings of this study, health care centers must plan and implement measures such as physical structure and standards at the NICU, implement of developmental care strategies and provide proper care by qualified nurses.

Pain control is a health problem in the world. Painful procedures on neonates can lead to harmful effects in short and long terms; so, pain control using noninvasive methods such as music can be helpful. In this paper, the effects of music on the pain of infant heel blood sampling in Saveh, Iran was analyzed.
The current research was a clinical trial from the type of single blind and three groups. In this study, 175 infants aged 3-5 days who had the inclusion criteria of the research were considered. These infants were randomly assigned into three groups. For groups 1 and 2, the sound of heartbeat and lullaby songs were played for one minute before and during blood sampling, respectively. Next, the infants’ reactions were compared with the control group. For data gathering, a questionnaire was used to assess the pain of infants. The reliability and validity of the used questionnaire has been proven in various studies. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software.
The obtained results showed that the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the pain score in group 1 were 5.96 and 2.20 and in group 2 they were 4.80 and 2.53, respectively, while the mean and standard deviation of the pain level in the control group were 7.86 and 2.55, respectively. Therefore, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the means of the pain level showed that there was a significant difference between them at level 0.05. Also, the mean of the pain level in both groups 1 and 2 was less than the control group and there was a significant difference between the mean of pain level in groups 1 and 2 at level 0.05.
The results showed that both the sound of lullabies and heart beat affected positively on reducing pain during heel lance blood sampling. However, light and rhythmic music had better effects than the heartbeat sound.

In recent years, unfavorable stressful resources of the environment have been increasing. Due to the stressful job of nursing and studies in relation with supporting factors in this field, the aim of this study was to determine the relationships of rational thinking, optimism, persistence and psychological wellbeing in nurses of Kermanshah hospitals, Iran.
This descriptive co-relational study was conducted in 2015. The sample included all the nurses in Kermanshah hospitals; 210 participants were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The participants were tested by Connor-Davidson persistence questionnaire, psychological well-being, rational thinking camber and optimism Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ).
The results showed positive relationships between rational thinking and psychological well-being, as well as in psychological well-being and persistence; in optimism with psychological well-being and its components, there was a significant positive correlation (P Psychological well-being was under the influence of personality factors such as persistence and optimism. From one side, it is an essential component in their professional health as well as for effective care of patients. Since the most important aspect of nursing education is practical training and more stable learning to follow, it was even more essential. Furthermore, the development of rational thinking, persistence and optimism as factors influencing psychological well-being, are more sensible in nursing education, especially in the practical aspect.

Self-esteem is a psychological phenomenon that has strong influence on the emotional and cognitive aspects of human and is a strong predictor of life satisfaction. As a post-modern approach, short-term solution-focused therapy emphasizes on therapist and client work together to find solutions. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of solution-focused brief therapy on increasing self-esteem in female students.
The present study was an applied research and experimental method with a pre-posttest design with control group. The population included all the second-grade female students of Hashtgerd city high schools during the 2014-2015 Academic year. One school was randomly selected from female high schools in the city and after the initial screening, 24 students who scored below average on the basis of the research tool were selected and randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The instrument was Cooper Smith self-esteem questionnaire (1967), which was completed by the participants in pretest and posttest. In this study, the experimental group was treated with group practices and weekly method for six weeks. Data was gathered using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and analyzed in SPSS 18 statistical software.
The findings showed that self-esteem scores in the experimental group had a significant increase compared with the control group. In other words, short-term, solution-focused therapy increased the self-esteem of the experimental group at posttest (F = 164.905 and P Short-term, solution-focused therapy was effective on increasing the self-esteem of female high school students. It is recommended to school counselors to use this effective and efficient approach to better solve the psychological problems of students.

Pressure ulcer is one of the indicators of quality in health care and nursing. Nurses, as one of the key members of the health team, play an important role in the prevention of pressure ulcer in health care centers. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses in the prevention of pressure ulcers.
This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2016. Sampling was performed using the convenience method and consisted Of 382 nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Data collection was performed using a Pieper and self-made three-part questionnaires. The analysis of data was performed by SPSS version 16, using descriptive and analytical statistics. The significance level was considered (as P In this study, of 427 questionnaires, 382 were completed by the participants (78.3%). The mean scores of knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses in the prevention of pressure ulcers, were respectively 61.1, 63.3 and 62.1, out of 100. The relationships of knowledge, attitude and, practice of nurses, with age, gender, work experience, work place, and courses wound management were not significant (P > 0.05).
Knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses in the prevention of pressure ulcers was were in a relatively favorable levels. Since pressure ulcers is one of the events threatening patient’s safety, managers of health care centers need to plan for empowering of health teams, especially nurses.