نشریه پرستاری کودکان
سال سوم شماره 1 (پاییز 1395)

Social damages can threaten growth and health of children. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and behavioral problems of sexually abused labor children and compare that with orphaned children.
This study was descriptive correlation. 80 damaged Children (40 sexual abused labor children and 40 orphaned children) were selected by convenience sampling under the auspices of the center for child well-being. Data were collected using Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist and Rescorla Teacher Report Form (TRF) (2001) and the PTSD Symptom Scale–Interview Version (Foa et al., 1993). The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient for showing the relationship between variables, and Fisher's z used for differences of correlation coefficient between two groups. Independent T-test used for comparing variables in two groups.
The findings showed a positive relationship between all behavioral problems components in sexually abused group. Also, there was a positive relationship between PTSD and all of the components of behavioral problems except attention problems and social (p Both groups of children get behavioral problems in stressful events; but in comparison to orphaned children, sexually abused children have more severe behavioral problems. This can increase their readiness to have high-risk behaviors in next periods of growth. Therefore, it is recommended to design prevention programs that improve emotional and social abilities of children at risk.

Burnout is a common problem among medical and health staffs; pediatrics and NICU nurses, according to the more stressors which have to tolerate, may be at higher risk. Nurse’s burnout not only affects negatively patient’s care, but also can harm their physical and mental and general health as well as the quality of work life. The aim of this study was determining the relation between burnout and quality of work life in pediatric and NICU nurses.
In this descriptive and correlation study, 76 nurses Employed in the pediatrics/NICU wards of Isfahan Medical University hospitals in 2014 were selected. The data gather by Maslach Burnout and Quality of work Life, and was completed by the samples. They were analyzed by SPSS20 and Student’s independent t-test, and Pearson correlation test.
The results showed that the mean score of burnout within the frequency and intensity of the "personal performance" respectively74.2±20.3 and 59.7±20.6, And in terms of frequency and intensity of the "conflict" 47.4±22.1 and 44.8±20.5 was obtained, that the highest average score of burnout within the first personal performance and conflict.(p Due to the high average burnout score in the area of personal performance, and ultimately have a direct impact on the quality of work life pediatric and NICU nurses, therefore The managers and directors of nursing by creating a good working environment and job protection of complications, which can reduce productivity and prevent low quality care.

Having the proper nutrition in adolescence, affecting the health of their future. It seems that trans theoretical model as a conceptual framework for understanding the process of health behavior in the promotion of nutritional healthy in students through experiential and behavioral processes to be effective.The aim of this study was to promote healthy eating behavior in students of Shirvan by using trans theoretical model: with an emphasis on fruits and vegetables consumption.
In this study, 250 high school students of first period of the Shirvan city were selected by convenience sampling. After determining the stage of change each of students; they were divided into two intervention and control groups based on random. In the intervention group was used the lecture method according trans theoretical model steps. In the control group was used conventional lecture method. The questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, scale staging algorithm of the National Cancer Institute of America (1997) and scale adjustment of Specter by Di Noia Jennifer et al (2006) for the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Methods of descriptive statistical (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistical (T test) were used to analyze the data.
The results showed that there is a significant difference between the consumption of fruit and vegetables in the intervention and control groups (P>0/05). Also in the intervention group were significantly more participants transfer to higher stages of change (preparation, action, maintenance) (P>0/05).
Education based on using Transtheoretical model is a good way to design interventions to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among students.

Adolescent's mutually good relationship with others enhances their empowerment. The aim of this study was to analyze the interaction between adolescents with type 1diabetes and others.
In this study, the interaction of adolescents with type 1 diabetes was investigated through content analysis. Sixteen adolescents aged 13-18 with type 1 diabetes, and at least a year past their diagnosis participated in the present study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. After each interview, data were transcribed and analyzed with the help of members of the research team. Each interview guided the next interview, that is, the interview questions were altered based on the previous interview data. Field note was another instrument for data collection.
Demographic findings of this study indicated that the adolescent's mean age was 16 years, 37.5% were female and 62.5% were male; 37.5% of adolescents resided in Tehran and the rest in other provinces. Six themes emerged from this study: relationship with family, relationship with others, lack of dependence on others, normal behavior with others, sense of power when compared with others and keeping up appearances and 20 subthemes.
The present study showed that Iranian adolescents extremely tend to participate in self-care and treatment. People's reactions and rational behaviors as well as their support along with preserving independence lead to adolescent's effective communication.

Intrduction: Born premature newborns makes a lot of tension in parents and could have consequences for parents and newborn. By focusing on family-centered care, identifing the amount of tension and its causes can be an incentive for developing new strategies or modifying of existing strategies to reduce tension. This study was conducted to determine the amount and causes of tensions in parents of premature infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit.
This In this analytical-descriptive study 120 parents of hospitalized premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit of Yazd in 1394 were recruited by convenience sampling.After collecting data using parental tension questionnaires, analysis of data was performed using descriptive statistics and independent t-test.
Results showed that the mean and standard deviation of tension 152.65)6.83( in mothers and 136.82)5.64( in fathers and the independent t-test showed a significant difference between stress of mothers and fathers ( p. As mother's tension was more than father's and tension causes were different in parents, when designing interventions, focusing on identified causes seems necessary to reduce tensions

Mentally disabled child cause many psychological problems in family members especially on mother. Because the importance of Psychological well-being of mothers in family and society; the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of emotion regulation training on psychological well-being of mothers of students with intellectual disability.
In this quasi-experimental study, 40 of mothers of mental retarded students, studying in Noor exceptional School in Arak city were selected through convenience Sampling. Then, Non-randomly, 20 of them were placed in experimental group and 20 others, were placed in the Control group. Mothers in experimental group received training emotion regulation and the control group did not receive any training. Training was performed eight sessions for experimental group. Subjects completed Psychological well-being Scale (84 questions form) prior and after the training. Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the data.
average of scores in psychological well-being variable and components, in experimental group and in post-test stage increased than control group (p The results showed that, Emotion regulation Training, improves psychological well-being of mothers with mentally retarded students.

Cerebral palsy is of the most common chronic motor disease in children that has a negative effect on spiritual health of mothers as their main caregivers. Most studies just refer to a CP child, and mother as main caregiver who suffer a lot of stress was not considered. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of self- management empowering model on spiritual health of mother with cerebral palsy child.
This is a Randomized clinical- Trial study using the reliable spiritual health questionnaire (SWBS) for 72 mothers with cerebral palsy child in Bushehr and Shiraz Rehabilitation and Medical centers. A month and a half after pre-test, the post-test was done in both the case and control groups. The analysis of data was done through statistic tests (x2, T test and paired T test) by using SPSS v.18.
There was no significant difference between demographic information in two groups (P>0/05). In existential dimension of Spiritual health showed that there was a significant difference between two groups after intervention; but there was no significant difference in religious dimension of spiritual health after interventions.
Results showed that with increasing in spiritual health especially in existential dimension of spiritual health, mother’s self- management and empowerment will raise up.

Medication is considered as one of the most common and critical tasks for nurses. Identifying the rate and barriers of self-reporting the medication errors is essential to maintain patient safety and improve the quality of nursing care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-report of the medication errors in the pediatric wards and its barriers from a nursing viewpoint.
In this cross-sectional and correlational study, 148 nurses of Bahrami children's hospitals and Children's Medical Center affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected using the census method in 2015. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire including demographic information, the incidence of medication errors and barriers to underreporting of medication errors. To ensure the reliability of questionnaire, calculating Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient for Internal Consistency was used. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 16.
112 (76%) the nurses have been committed medication errors during their last year of work and Only 28% of the them had self-reported medication errors. 88% of nurses have experienced barriers to self-reporting medication errors and the incidence of medication errors (injectable and non-injectable) was 89%. The most common errors were associated with using abbreviated names of drugs and the nominal similarities of some drugs with some other. The most common barriers to reporting of medication errors were associated with nurse's fear of the effect of the errors on serious harm to the patients, blood money payment, and impact on annual evaluation after reporting. The logistic regression model showed no significant relationships between the incidence of the medication errors with the nurse's sex (p=0.19), age (p=0.065), job experience (p=1.21), employment status (p=0.81) and education (p=0.59) and showed a significant relationships between shifts and the incidence of the medication errors (p =0.004).
Given that the majority of medication errors were not reported by the nurses, it is needed to create necessary settings to facilitate and increase reporting the medication errors by them. Creating a positive relationship between the managers and the nurses and providing the appropriate atmosphere at the time of reporting is suggested.