مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بابل
سال هجدهم شماره 9 (پیاپی 108، شهریور 1395)

One of the most common complaints in women is breast pain associated with reduced women quality of life and a lot of problems and costs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vitagnus on severity of cyclic mastalgia in women of reproductive age.
This study is a triple blind controlled clinical trial performed on 67 women with cyclic mastalgia. Women randomly entered to an intervention group (34 patients) or a placebo (n=33) groups and training and proper nutrition were done. Vitagnus daily was given for three months in the intervention group (8 ml) and eatable paraffin (1 ml) mixed with water and honey (a total of 10 ml) was given to the placebo group. The pain from two months before to three months after treatment with VAS and McGill measuring instruments were compared.
FINDINGS: The mean score of McGill in Vitagnus group decreased from 16.94±3.94 before the intervention to 9.50±5.32 in fifth month and in the placebo group decreased from 15.08±3.62 before the intervention to 13.08±4.29 in fifth month (p The results showed that Vitagnus can be used as an effective and low-cost treatment in the treatment of mastalgia.

Color change of composite resin restorations is one the most common causes for replacing these restorations, which might occur due to internal and external factors. This research was carried out to study and compare color change value of three types of composite resins in distilled water during the first 24 hours after exposure to light.
In this laboratory research, 120 samples were prepared from three types of composites (Z350, Z250 and Heliomolar) and were divided into 3 groups of 40. Samples with 2 mm thickness and 7 mm diameter were prepared. After assessing the initial color by spectrophotometer, samples were exposed to distilled water for 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours, respectively. Then, the final color was assessed by EasyShade device and the color change value (ΔE) was calculated for all samples. Moreover, ΔEFINDINGS: In 12h group, Heliomolar composite showed lowest color change value compared with two other composites (Z350=1.385, Z250=1.179 and Heliomolar=0.854) (p Results of the study revealed that color change value of all three composites in distilled water was less than 3.3 after 24 hours and it was clinically acceptable

One of the complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is trocar incision hernia (TSIH: Trocar Site Incisional Hernia), which occurs almost exclusively in the navel area and could cause significant problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hiatal hernia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and identify the associated risk factors.
This cross sectional study was done on patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy during one year in different hospitals of Babol. Information including age, gender, BMI, diagnosis prior to surgery, duration of hospitalization, duration of surgery, the thickness of the lining of the gallbladder, surgical site infection and umbilical hernia during 12 months follow-up for patients were confirmed and examined.
FINDINGS: Among 270 studied patients, there were 236 women (87.4%) and 34 men (12.59 %). Eleven patients (4.07%) during the 12-month follow-up; they had a hiatal hernia surgical site infection in the navel area (223.82-4.33: CI-95%, OR: 31.14) and BMI (60.18-1.72 CI-95%; OR: 10.21) were associated with increased incidence of inguinal hernias. There was no relationship between other variables and umbilical hernia.
According to the results of this study obesity and surgical site infections have been linked with an increased incidence of inguinal hernias.

Priority of women's health will help to achieve fourth and fifth Goals of Millennium Development programs. Social capital is a retain and social factor affecting health. This qualitative study aimed to explore experiences of women and to determine the relationship between cooperation and subscription activity (aspect of social capital) and health.
This qualitative study was conducted with content analysis approach. Purposive sampling with maximum variation of 10 women of reproductive age with a score higher than 75% of the total score in the cooperation and subscription activity were conducted using Semi-structured interviews based on interview guide by using open-ended questions .At the same time of data collection, data analysis and management was performed with MAXQDA 10 software. Interviews with development patterns and original meaning was clear in interviews and subcategories, categories and themes were formed.
FINDINGS: Based on data analysis two themes: "health" and "spiritual evolution" were extracted. These themes and stories of "psychological feeling of vitality and freshness, a healthy sense of physical and spiritual satisfaction and finding a reliable and pro-know" how the ways of cooperation and joint activities focused on health.
The cooperation and subscription activity can be both directly and indirectly contribute to improving health care. In fact health theme directly and spiritual evolution theme indirectly impact on health

Treatment of cartilage damage for any reason is associated with temporary relief of joint pain. Providing the possibility of differentiating various stem cells into adult tissues can contribute to recovery and treatment of damaged cartilage tissue in skeletal system. In this study, chondrogenic potential of chitosan scaffold, CH-β-GP-HEC, with stem cells derived from human adipose tissue.

In this cross-sectional study, adipose tissue-derived stem cells were separated from abdomen of 15 patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair. 6-7×105 cells were cultured in plate one-dimensionally and on chitosan scaffold three-dimensionally for 21 days. MTT assay was run to evaluate the toxic effect of scaffold on cell viability. Proliferation and differentiation of cells were studied in the two types of culture after toluidine blue staining. To confirm the formation of cartilage, expression of collagen type II was assessed by immunohistochemistry.
FINDING: In MTT assay, the average OD for cells cultured on scaffold is higher than 0.8 compared with control group, which confirms the nontoxicity of scaffold for culturing stem cells (p>0.05). Chondrogenic differentiation of cells on scaffold shows more glycosaminoglycan deposition in the extracellular matrix compared with one-layer culture. Moreover, in group with three-dimensional culture system, cells were spherical and the morphology of nucleus was different from one-layer culture. Regarding immunohistochemistry results, increased synthesis was observed in collagen type II as chondrogenesis markers in three-dimensional culture system compared with one-layer culture.

Results of the study revealed that hydrogel scaffold, CH-β-GP-HEC, with porous structure provides a better environment for the growth of mesenchymal stem cells and their differentiation into cartilage tissue.

Hyperparathyroidism is one the common complications of endocrine in patients with thalassemia major. Several studies have been conducted to report the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in patients with thalassemia major in Iran. However, there is no comprehensive assessment of it. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in patients with thalassemia major in Iran through systematic review and meta-analysis.
The present study was conducted based on PRISMA checklist for systematic review and meta-analysis studies. We searched national and international online databases such as Magiran, Iranmedex, SID, Medlib, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Web of Science, Springer, Online library Wiley and Google Scholar for certain standard keywords without time limit until 2016.
FINDING: In 19 studies, 3219 patients with thalassemia major were examined. Prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in patients with thalassemia major in Iran was calculated to be 10% (CI-95%: 7-10). Moreover, the percentage for various regions of Iran was different; 14% in the west, 18% in the east, 10% in the north, 12% in the south and 7% in the center of Iran. Prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in men and women was estimated to be 9 and 14, respectively.
Prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in patients with thalassemia major in Iran is high. Therefore, new policy and planning are necessary to minimize the complications of endocrine glands including hyperparathyroidism in patients with thalassemia major in Iran

Blood exchange as a method for treating of abnormal increase of bilirubin in the first week of life, has always been faced with serious potential side effects. Therefore prevention and early detection of these complications is important. Given the higher prevalence of jaundice in preterm neonates, this study was done to compare the complications of transfusion in term and preterm neonates with jaundice..
This cross-sectional study was done on 50 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and treated with blood transfusions using available sampling method. Samples were investigated for several variables such as platelets, calcium, glucose, potassium, sodium, bicarbonate and clinical signs during transfusion, and up to 24 hours after it.
FINDINGS: From total of 50 neonates in this study, 22 neonates were preterm (44%) and 28 neonates were term (56 percent). The most common complication of blood transfusions in all neonatal was thrombocytopenia (48%). The most common complication in term neonates was reported thrombocytopenia (85.67%) and metabolic acidosis (2.57%) in preterm neonates, respectively (p The results showed that thrombocytopenia (in term neonates) and metabolic acidosis (in preterm neonates) are the most frequent complications of blood transfusion.

The first year of life in the provision of health infrastructure and improvment of the life quality is very important. Because the mortality in the neonatal period and infancy is unclear in Babol, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of neonatal and infancy mortality in Babol from 2010 to 2014 in rural areas.
This cross-sectional study was done based on existing and registered data over a period of 5 years in rural areas. In this study, all deaths to 28 days and one month to one year of live births were examined in rural areas covered by Babol University of Medical Sciences based on reason and gender.
FINDINGS: The number of live births in rural areas of Babol in years of 2010 to 2014 was 2895, 2844, 2951, 3080 and 2801, respectively. The number of deaths under one year during the years of 2010 to 2014 was 19, 32, 24, 21 and 20, respectively. The lowest neonatal mortality rate in years of 1392 and 1393 was 3.57 in 1000 and the highest rate was in 1391, about 5.42 per 1,000 live births, respectively. The highest mortality during infancy was in year of 2011 about 5.89 and the lowest mortality was in year of 1389 about 2.76 per thousand people.
The results showed that the neonatal and infancy mortality rate in Babol has been relatively stable and favorable.

One of the most essential vitamins for body is vitamin 12B; its deficiency can cause various sign and symptom in the human body. Psychiatric manifestation of vitamin 12B deficiency including: aggression and agitation, is often accompanied by symptoms such as irritability and confusion, impaired orientation, amnesia, impaired concentration and attention, insomnia, anorexia and Negativism. Vitamin 12B deficiency may cause irreversible effects on the brain structure and it’s very important to early diagnose and treatment.
CASE REPORT: A Middle-aged man with psychiatric manifestations include: restlessness, nightmares, hallucinations, including seeing the scene of the fire in his home and the forest area around the house, auditory hallucinations and delusional beliefs with depressed mood, suicidal ideas, insomnia and anorexia who confer to neurologist office then refer to psychiatrist after mental status examination and laboratory study result show that vitamin 12B deficiency, other evaluations such as endoscopy and colonoscopy were normal then the patient gone under treatment by administration intramuscular vitamin 12B supplemental and psychiatric manifestations improved dramatically after treatment.
This case report showed that psychiatric manifestations of vitamin 12B deficiency can occur even in the absence of anemia.

Incidence of thymic lesions in the form of mediastinal cyst is very rare and is accompanied by risk of malignancy, which may induce signs of compression in mediastinum or accidentally be found during imaging. A case of mediastinal thymic cyst with compression-induced shortness of breath is presented.
CASE REPORT: A 40 year old woman underwent diagnostic assessment because of shortness of breath. Considering imaging results regarding upper mediastinal cystic lesion with possible origin of thymus, she underwent excision of mass and middle sternum. Histopathologic examination reported a simple thymic cyst.

Considering respiratory problems of patients with mediastinal cystic lesion, timely diagnosis and treatment is necessary to prevent probable malignancy in addition to relieving symptoms.