Thrita
Volume:5 Issue: 17, Sep 2016

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder that may result in esophageal cancer. Although proton pump inhibitors are the standard treatment for this illness, Brassica oleracea may provide new therapeutic possibilities.
We aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of the B. oleracea extract and the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole on esophageal complications arising from a surgically-induced GERD model in rats. In addition, we investigated possible associations between the frequency of DNA damage and esophageal histological alterations, as well as the genotoxic/anti-genotoxic and cytotoxic/anti-cytotoxic effects of B. oleracea and omeprazole.
Rats with and without GERD were equally divided into groups to receive one of two the treatments, B. oleracea extract (500 mg/kg bw) or omeprazole (30 mg/kg bw), daily over the course of four weeks. A group of non-treated rats received water in the same circumstances. Micronucleus assay was used to assess DNA damage in blood and bone marrow cells.
Rats with GERD developed esophagitis and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. B. oleracea and omeprazole-treated GERD rats presented significantly decreased inflammation in relation to non-treated GERD rats (P B. oleracea demonstrated similar anti-inflammatory properties to omeprazole in rats with GERD. However, omeprazole also demonstrated genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in rats without GERD.

Accounting for approximately 5% of the bone fractures in the human body, the shaft of the humerus is one of the most common long bone fracture sites. Humerus fracture may be associated with several complications: radial nerve damage, bone infection, and non-union and mal-union of the bone. Autologous bone marrow injections are considered to decrease these complications and accelerate union and healing in non-unions.
The present study investigates the effect of autologous bone marrow injections on the union rate in humerus fractures.
Patients and For this interventional clinical trial, patients with humerus fracture referred to the emergency ward of Baqiyatallah and Imam Hossein hospitals were enrolled in the study. Thirty-six patients with a mean age of 33.97 ± 10.08 years underwent analysis. Demographic information, type of fracture, para-clinical test results, and initial X-ray results were recorded on a predesigned questionnaire. Patients were randomly assigned to either bone marrow injection or cast only (non-surgical) treatment. Patients were followed up one, two, three, four, six, twelve, and sixteen weeks after injection or cast (non-surgical) therapies with lateral and anterior-posterior radiography. Details regarding union time and mal-union or non-union were recorded.
The mean time of union was 8.54 ± 3.41 weeks for the individuals followed in the study. On average, union took 7.04 ± 2.49 weeks for the injection group, while it took 10.41 ± 3.26 weeks for the control group (P = 0.002). In the sixth week, 16 (80%) patients from the injection group and 4 (25%) individuals from the control group had radiographic changes (P = 0.001). Union changes were seen in 19 (95%) patients from the injection group and 12 (75%) individuals from the control group at the end of the twelfth week (P = 0.108). All patients in both groups had complete union 16 weeks after their respective treatments (P = 0.31).
Due to the high risk of non-union and mal-union in humerus shaft fracture, and because applying this simple and inexpensive technique significantly decreased these complications, injecting autologous bone marrow grafts is recommended for accelerating union in cases of humerus fracture.

The hippocampus is well-known for its role in memory processing and learning and for its ability of neurogenesis. Any factors that influence neurogenesis in the hippocampus might lead to subsequent memory and learning deficiencies. Light is one of the factors that exerts powerful effects on the hippocampus structure and function. In addition, there might be sexual dimorphism in neurogenesis following certain interventions. Due to the importance of neurogenesis, the effects of the light-dark cycle and sex-dependent differences on memory and learning deficiency in humans need to be determined.
This study investigated possible sex-dependent neurogenesis due to changes in the light-dark cycle in the hippocampus of adult rats that received two months of total light deprivation (2mTLD).
Patients and Forty male and female adult Wistar rats randomly sorted into four groups were used in this study. Total light deprivation for two months (TLD) was done. TLD started one week prenatally and continued for seven more weeks. To study possible sexual differences in neurogenesis male and female rats were separated from the first day of TLD. Nissl staining, bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry (BrdU IHC) and the Morris Water Maze (MWM) were used to study cell density, neurogenesis in dentate gyrus (DG), and spatial memory, respectively. The results were subjected to statistical analysis and presented as mean ± SD. P BrdU IHC showed a significant decrease in neurogenesis following TLD in both sexes showing more severity in male rats than in female rats. Results of Nissl staining and MWM also confirmed the BrdU findings. Regarding sexual dimorphism, our data showed no significant sex differences in the DG area of the hippocampus.
Sex-dependent reduction in neurogenesis following TLD could be one of the reasons for sex-dependent differences of cognitive disorders under the same the conditions.

Conflict among couples is one of the most important issues in the family and often causes wives to refer for therapy. One of the most important therapeutic approaches is narrative therapy, the efficacy of which is investigated in this paper.
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of couples therapy with a narrative therapy approach for reducing couples’ conflicts.
This semi-experimental study used pre-test and post-test assessments to examine the efficiency of the narrative therapy approach. The study population consisted of all couples who had been married for at least 5 years and were referred to a psychology clinic for marital conflicts. Thirty couples (60 participants) were selected randomly and then split into two groups of 15 couples each an experimental group and a control group. A pre-test inventory of marital conflict via a validated form was completed for both groups. Next, 8 sessions of group counseling (couples therapy with a narrative therapy approach) was performed for the experimental group while the control group remained untreated. Finally, a post-test inventory of marital conflict was completed for both groups.
The analysis of covariance of the couples’ marital conflicts between the experimental and control groups was significant (P ≤ 0.001, F value = 104.8, confidence level: 99%). The intervention of therapy reduced couples’ conflicts, increased the level of their cooperation, and improved their sexual relationship.
The results of this study show that narrative therapy is a suitable approach for solving couples’ conflicts.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and asthma are among the most important health-related conditions with evident socio-economic effects. The relationship between asthma and CRS has been considered in medical references for centuries. Previous studies have shown that treatment interventions targeting disease in one part of the airway are effective for general asthma management. However, the effect of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in CRS patients with concurrent asthma remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effects of ESS on improvement of asthma in CRS patients with concurrent asthma.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ESS on asthma in CRS patients.
Twenty-five CRS patients with asthma who met our inclusion criteria after taking a complete history underwent physical examination and diagnostic nasal endoscopy, and the asthma control test (ACT) questionnaire was administered to them. Six months after ESS, the patients’ asthma was again assessed using the ACT questionnaire.
Overall, the mean ACT score significantly increased from 12.56 at the baseline to 20.71 after a six-month follow up period (0.001).
Given the remarkable improvement in asthma control levels, ESS can be considered a useful method for treating CRS patients suffering from asthma.

Septic arthritis is the rheumatological and orthopedic emergency that causes the most difficulties with joints–especially knee and hip joints. The clinical symptoms include pain, swelling, inflammation, stiffness, and a limited range of motion in both active and passive joints. Debridement of the necrotic tissue is one beneficial method for septic arthritis treatment, although soft tissue defects around joints are a challenging issue for surgeons. Our purpose was to investigate the consequences of two flap surgery methods undertaken to repair soft tissue damaged during knee joint debridement caused by septic arthritis.
This is a case report concerning a patient who had septic arthritis in the knee area and so underwent soft tissue surgery. The reconstruction methods were not the same for both knees as the lateral distal thigh island flap reparation method was used on the left knee and the medial head gastrocnemius flap method was utilized on the right. We then investigated the results and outcomes of the surgery three months later.
Lower extremity movement extent was carefully evaluated and, in respect to muscle strength, the patient was able to walk independently three months after the surgery. The patient’s balance was studied and the results showed moderate levels of stability.

A phytobezoar is a concreted mass of undigested plant materials trapped in the gastrointestinal system and mostly in the stomach. A diospyrobezoar is a type of phytobezoar and is a rare condition; it is due to unripe persimmon ingestion. In this case, report, we recount the experience of a 26-year-old man who presented signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis, which was later diagnosed as a gastric diospyrobezoar. An appendectomy was done, but the symptoms were not resolved. This gastric phytobezoar was successfully removed through gastrotomy after a failed attempt in endoscopic fragmentation and removal. This report provides an overview of bezoars in patients with acute abdominal pain. A careful history with an emphasis on recent diet can be of great help in the diagnosis of similar cases.

A case of soft tissue defect of dorsal hand due to crush injury in a 37-year-old female is reported here. The reconstructive surgery was performed for the hand soft-tissue defect. Among different flaps used in the surgery, the regional flap such as radial forearm flap can be done. But usually it is not accepted by patient because of cosmetic appearance. Therefore, random pattern abdominal flap and extensor tendon reconstruction were done concurrently.