فصلنامه توسعه ی آموزش جندی شاپور
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 17، تابستان 1395)

This study considers the impact of cognitive (active and inactive) and Multi-sensory teaching on there remembering and Kept in mind of children with mental exceptional needs. The study population were consist of students with mild mental retardation, grade four , from exceptional schools of Ahvaz township, Khoozastan province , Iran. 60 students were selected in terms of cluster random sampling and simple random sampling method. In order to record and determine the pre test and post test remembering function, picture cards were used. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive and inferential (variance analysis (F) ) statistics. all active and inactive cognitive strategies and active cognitive- Multi-sensory education follow up test method in all groups lead to improve in remembering process of mental retarded children in comparison with control group.

The present research aimed to examine the course books in elementary school with an emphasis on high cognitive levels. The sample included the science books in the first, second and third grade of elementary school, which were analyzed within content analysis framework as well as through quantitative method. The results showed that the objectives related to the cognitive skills accounted for 6.5 percent of all objectives. Therefore, it can be inferred that high levels of cognition scope have not been addressed in the science books; consequently, the innovation and critical thinking would not be encouraged for students in elementary school. Findings also showed that although the comprehension levels comprised the highest percentage of objectives, the proportion for analysis, innovation and creation were reported less than 18 percent. With regard to the results, it can be concluded that it would be necessary to review the science course books in order to include high levels of cognition and critical thinking for better enhancement in content.

The present research aimed to examine the barriers to women's participation in managerial levels in Education Organization from the viewpoints of middle-level managers in Iran. The research was conducted in a descriptive-survey framework and the population included all male and female middle managers, among whom 300 applicants (150 persons for every gender) were selected through multistage cluster sampling method. The data were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were statistically confirmed. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (as mean, standard deviation and frequency) in addition to inferential statistics including one-sample t-test, independent t-test, Spearman correlation coefficient and Friedman test were employed. The results showed that, of all seven supposedly compelling factors, applicants considered personality and incompetence as ineffective factors in women employment in Education Organization while attitudinal, sociocultural, historical-religious, administrative and governmental factors were reported as effective in their employing in managerial levels. In addition, the results of means’ comparison proved that the highest means belonged to political, administrative, historical-religious, sociocultural, attitudinal, personality and incompetence factors respectively.

The purpose of this study was an investigation of storytelling approach on aggression and test anxiety decrease of 8 year old boys orphanage in Rasht. Using a Quasi experimental, pre-test post-test- fallow up design with control group. a sample consisting of 20 elementary school boys were selected On the basis of the scores achieved from the scales of 34 elementary school children that they didn’t accusations any psychotherapy and psychoanalysis treatment. (Parent & teacher form), the samples were placed randomly in 1 experimental and control groups. Then experimental groups participated in storytelling and storytelling and discussion for 7 sessions. Upon the completion of the training and after 1months Shahim aggression scale were administered as a post test and fallow up to 2 groups of mothers and teachers to investigate the effect of independent variable on dependent variable. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance & MANCOVA parents in storytelling and discussion group reported a significant decrease in children's aggression and test anxiety This finding shows the efficiency of using story and its structure in training and treatment of children with aggression and test anxiety.

The present research, conducted in a descriptive-survey framework, aimed to examine the changes in attitudes of teachers in primary school towards the educational responsibilities. The population included all instructors in Farhangian University, among whom a total number of 86 applicants were randomly selected. The data were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using one-sample t-test. Results showed that there existed a significant relationship between teachers’ attitudes towards their educational responsibilities and those of theoretical mean for concrete instructional design, up-to-date teaching methods and descriptive evaluation (p=0.01). Findings, in addition, showed that attitudinal changes in teachers could enhance the quality of teaching in elementary schools provided that the educational management is satisfactorily accompanied.

Description of people`s attitudes and tendency toward physical and exercise in 8 cities of different province centers is the objective of the study, the author questionnaire comprises three parts of attitude, tendency and demographic specifications which was provided to 8500 people. Of this number, 4930 men and 3570 women filled the questionnaire out. To design the attitude part of the questionnaire, Kenyon physical activity attitude meter (1986) was used. The questionnaire stability was calculated by functional analysis methods with α=0.87. To analyze the data , Manvietny and Cruscal –Valis used in a significance level of 0.05. The data analysis showed that average 34.7% of the subjects had no physical activity. The subjects noticed factors such as happiness and exhilaration, physical and mental health, self confidence gain and having good temper, as the main motivations and reasons to participate in physical activities, respectively. In general, the results of the study show the difference between various people group attitudes toward physical activities in terms of sexuality, occupation and education degree. The results showed that the families` exercise expense in 2001 was about 741 billion dollars, 0.19% of which is the total family expense and 0.1% is GDP of the country. The exercise expense of a family shows a real growth of 124 % in 2006 than it was in 2001, but because of low income and people exercise participation compared with developed countries, the sport and exercise expenses do not involve an acceptable percent of the families` spending basket.

the present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy in reducing the symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a group of primary schoolchildren in Tehran in 2015. the research was conducted in a quasi-experimental framework with pre- and posttest. To select the research sample, at first a total number of 80 first and second grade students in two primary schools in Tehran were screened and then using Conners' Parent Rating Scale, 38 children with ADHD were recognized, among whom 36 applicants were randomly selected and divided into control and experimental groups, each including 18 persons. The experimental group received play therapy for 12 sessions, each lasting an hour while the control group received no treatment. The gathered data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). it was found that the scores for experimental group had significant difference in posttest of Conners' Parent Rating Scale, compared to those for control group (p<0.001).it can be concluded that play therapy could reduce the symptoms of ADHD, learning disabilities and anxiety. Therefore, it is suggested that therapists and psychologists employ the therapy to help patients with ADHD.

The Present Study Was to Compare The Curriculum implemented on teacher training qualification the teachers job, Graduates .free university and the university of the state run of Khorasan Razavi Provinc done. The research of the type of evaluation that researcher was during a field research method help the anase .the statistical research community makeup two groups that include :Islamic Azad university graduate excellent a universities in the academic year93-94 according to the community static l dispersion statistical society volume brings 90 years of korasan Razavi Province help. In order to size entries in the years 90-91 as graduate of the93-94 on the flotsam .Validity of the question as well on the basis of the test state college graduates Cronbakh alpha in 90% of graduates of Islamic Azad university 91% were diagnosed .In order to describe the data of the method of descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage table) and analyze the data from the method of statistical inference (Colomogrof _Smirnof)The results of the present study indicates that the program has been implemented between the Islamic Azad university and excellent university teaching job in establishing the qualification( knowledge , communication ,organizing teaching, learning ,behavioral)there are no significant difference between graduates In order to decide the sample size in this study was to determine the sample size formula kerjesi –morgan it has been used .A number of examples of this research are as follows :graduates of the ACT state university 194 people . group alumni Islamic Azad university 174 people .In order to sampling in this research the method of sampling random class is used..A research tool the researcher that includes 50 questions .Validity of the questioner provided by Delphi. Academic scholars with experience in lower sxony and the out come of their opinion on the accuracy of the term. In terms of the questionnaire .There fore the proposal coordination with the ministry of science Islamic Azad university and education causes to executive job qualification test run as well as persons before arrival to be measured teacher

The purpose of this study is to provide an optimal model for semi-centralized curriculum in accordance with the national curriculum of the first period of high school in Iran and its evaluation from the perspective of the curriculum experts and related teachers and presentation of recommendations in relation to semi-centralized curriculum to improve the national curriculum. Research methodology, is applied and this study is an evaluative study. The researcher has used "field research" in order to conduct the study. Statistical population studied in this research consists of two groups: (1) 79 people from faculty members and third semester students studying curriculum planning in universities of Tehran, including Kharazmi University, Tarbiat Modarres University, Shahid Beheshti University, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Shahid Rajai University, Tehran University and Islamic Azad University, Research and Sciences Branch 2- first period of high school teachers of Baharestan with job titles including teachers, deputies and assistants with a bachelor's degree, master's degree and Ph.D students who were 466 subjects. In the present study, three hypotheses were tested, all of which were rejected in this study. The data collection tools included a researcher made questionnaire, and this questionnaire consisted of 36 questions. To check the validity of the questionnaire the opinions of advisor and supervisor professors were used who confirmed the face and content validity. In general, Data Analysis showed the sameness of the opinion distribution of the experts (professors and Ph.D students studying curriculum planning) and teachers to use the semi-centralized curriculum model to explain the semi-centralized curriculum component in accordance with National Curriculum of first period of high school in Iran which was at the average level or higher than the average. The results of this study are a strategy to develop decentralization in the national curriculum planning.

The present research aimed to examine the effectiveness of teaching spiritual intelligence components in educational progress among a selected group of male students in the 3rd year of a boarding high school in Delphan city, Iran. The study was conducted in a quasi-experimental framework with experimental and control groups. The population included all 3rd-year high school students (i.e., 2nd grade in high school) who studied in second semester of calendar year in 2014-15, among whom a total number of 36 students were selected through a multistage sampling method in Imam’s Martyrs District High School and then randomly divided into experimental and control groups. As the first step, the average scores of students in the period, provided by head of high school, were considered as the pretest, and then the experimental group received the treatment for 8 sessions on the basis of Educational Protocol of Haditabar et al. (2011). The data were, then, analyzed through Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), the results of which revealed that there was a significant difference between the scores of control and experimental groups in posttest. It was concluded that teaching spiritual intelligence could considerably enhance educational progress of students in secondary school

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-violent communication to increase the academic performance of students. In this experimental study, 30 male students in seventh grade of Region 1 Tehran were selected randomly from Amoozesh high school located in the Region 1 Tehran. They distributed into the experimental and control group. The student's GPA of previous semester registered as the pre-exam score. 10 sessions of nonviolent communication training held for the experimental group. During this period, the control group received no advice. The students' GPA of both groups was registered as the post-test score. After data collection, data were analyzed using ANCOVA analysis. The students' previous semester GPA recorded as the pre-exam score. 10 sessions of nonviolent communication training held for the experimental group. During this period, the control group received no consultation. The students' GPA of both groups was registered as the post-test score. After data collection, data were analyzed by ANCOVA analysis. The results showed that non-violent communication method influences on the dependent variable (academic performance) (P<0.05). According to the results, it can be concluded that non-violent communication influences on increasing the academic performance of students

The aim of the present study was to evaluate psychology of modern management "life skills education" in elementary schools of the Islamic Republic of Iran. It is a non-experimental descriptive study. The statistical population included all elementary school teachers in of first to fifth grade in Ilam. 164 people were selected by simple random sampling through a sampling formula of Morgan. The research instrument was a self-made questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by experts and instructors, and its reliability was approved through Cronbach alpha Coefficient (.867) and confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that teachers believe more than average in students' life skills development through teaching life skills in elementary school. The female teachers' viewpoint about this training role in developing student skills was better than male teachers' viewpoint but there was not a significant difference in term of education level and work experience.

This study examines the effectiveness of integrated approach of Tusi moral education and Piaget cognitive development on teachers' attitudes in the moral education process of elementary school students. The research method was quasi-experimental in which pretest-posttest design was used for experimental and control groups. The statistical population included elementary school teachers of Region 2 Tehran. Sample group including 30 people in the experimental group and 30 people in the control group were selected randomly from subsidiary schools in Region 2 Tehran. The measuring instrument was attitude measuring questionnaire developed by researchers inclusive of 30 questions with Likert scale 5 points which its reliability was 84.0 based on the retest score and was 85.0 based on Cronbach's alpha. The teachers attended in 8 4-hour training sessions in the form of a workshop. While understanding the attitude, they learned designing lesson plans skills based on moral education of Tousi and Piaget cognitive development. The results showed that cognition and approaches design skills influence on change the human attitude in the process of moral education