نشریه دانش شناسی
پیاپی 33 (تابستان 1395)

Present research tries to study entrepreneurship protective features of librarians of academic libraries of comprehensive Islamic Azad Universities and to find the relationship and effect of demographical variables on their entrepreneurship protective features.
Research is of descriptive type and its method is analytical survey. Statistical population composed of 109 persons of librarians of academic libraries in 15 comprehensive branches who were tested by census. Data collection instrument was face-to-face interview with pundits in order to choose entrepreneurship protective features, and researcher-made self-measurement questionnaire for measuring these features in librarians. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage of frequency and table-drawing) and inferential statistics (KMO index, Kervit Bartlett test, single-way variance analysis, correlation coefficient and determination coefficient).
Findings: Librarian's entrepreneurship protective features were significantly less than average and there was a significant relationship between librarianship diploma, age and librarian's education level and their protective features. Also among some librarian's protective features with variables of educational diploma, age and education had positive and direct coefficient that the increase in score of demographical variables caused the increase in librarian's entrepreneurship protective features.
Nowadays, the emphasis is on attracting and recruiting entrepreneur librarians. Explaining the goals, responsibilities and assigning responsibility to competent librarians have made they feel confidence and trust. Organizational support causes they secure consent of users and applicants of libraries and information centers with their most capability and ability while they get along with workplace and survive for long-term.

The aim of this study was to do a survey on the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and knowledge management (KM) of Information Science specialists working at 13 Shiraz University libraries.
This study, as objective view is a fundamental research and in terms of methodology, is a correlation research. The used tools of the study include the CE questionnaire of Hooman and knowledge management questionnaire of Nayyer; and data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: Results of the study showed thatthere is a significant relationshipbetween corporate entrepreneurship and knowledge management of the Information Science specialists. The results also showed thatamong the components of CE, between the "hard working, responsible and successful"with knowledge management, there is significant relationship, but between the dimensions of risk taking, internal control, creativity, flexibility, tolerance of ambiguity and verbal narrative with their knowledge management, there is no significant relationship.
It can be concluded thatthe Information Science specialists consider and utilizethe KM as a conscious strategy of identifying, evaluating, organizing, processing and storingin order to raise public opinion and increase innovation and entrepreneurship in their libraries.

The current study has been donewith thepurpose of determining the status of talent and succession management in the libraries of Islamic Azad University Branches located in Tehran.
The method of the study is a kind of analytic survey and its statistical society consists of 146 librarians of the libraries of Islamic Azad University Branches located in Tehran. The model used in the study is the seven-hand stars model and for the data collection, Ruthwell’s questionnaire with the title of ‘the Features of Succession Planning of an Organization’ has been applied. To analyze the data in the aspect of descriptive and deductive statistics, the statistical software of SPSS has been used.
Findings: There is a significant difference between the present status and the desirable status of executing the talent and succession management in the libraries. In all 7 dimensions, the present status is less than the desirable status. Based on the otherresults in the study of total status of talent andsuccession management in the libraries, the present status with an average of 2.07 is significantly lower than the desirable status with an average of 4.29.
The findings of this research emphasize the need for implementing systematic and consistent programs with the strategic plan of libraries in order to hire, train, promote, and retain talented young people.

This paper was accomplished to understand the measure of interest to cybernetics topic at the international level during 16 years (1995-2011).
To do this descriptive survey, we identified and selected keywords in related resources which to be searched in "Emerald" and "Wiley" databases. Then,we analyzed the number of publications in per year based on the title, abstract, and keywords.
Finding: This study showed that most of publication issued in recent of 1990s in Emerald database and has trend upward trend yet. Wiley database showed similar results. Therefore, in the early 20th century,we saw the growth of publications related to cybernetics topic. This means that the interest in this topic does not follow of Abrahamson bell-shaped volatility pattern that represents management fad.
It is concluded that measure of interest to cybernetics topic does not follow of Abrahamson’s bell-shaped volatility pattern that represents management fad.In addition, Cybernetics will be increasingly treated as an academic disciplinefor the foreseeable future.

This comparative study aims to investigate the communication skills of Bushehr academic librarians from the users and librarians’ viewpoint.
Survey-descriptive method was used to conduct this study. Population included all academic librarians in Bushehr municipality – both in Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and Ministry of Health and Medical Education- who adopted as an enumerative population and the users (4340 students in Persian Gulf University and 2799 students in Bushehr University of Medical Sciences) who selected as a random sampling. Required data were gathered by Queendom questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS 16.0.
Findings: The results showed that the communication skills of academic librarians are more than average. In addition, there is not any significant difference between communication skills parameters and demographic characteristics.
According to the results, the high level of communication skills of librarians could lead to better services, and improving the level of the service quality

This study aims to clarify the scope and boundaries between words and topics ‘Bibliometrics’, ‘Scientometrics’, and ‘Infometrics’.
The method used in this study is content analysis. For this purpose, the records that had in the title at least one of the words Bibliometrics, Scientometrics, and Infometrics and were available during the years 1973-2009 were searched using the search strategy:scientometric/ti or scientometrics/ti or informetric/ti or informetrics/ti or bibliometric/ti or bibliometrics/ti.Then, the synonyms, general and unrelated keywords in the list were merged or eliminated. Between of these keywords, keywords that had frequency higher of five, in other words 30% of the high frequency words were selected.Accordingly, in order to content analysis, 36 keywords for Bibliometrics, 19 keywords for domain Scientometrics and the same keywords for Infometrics area were used.
Three areas were identified that the emphasis field of Bibliometrics is on Issues and Scientific information and library scope, and two other areas emphasize general information and the total area.

The general aim of this study is to evaluate the virtual reference desk in the websites of governmental university libraries.
The research method was survey.The statistical population is consisted of 90 websites of governmental university libraries of Iran that were taken from university ranking services (www.4icu.org).
Findings: Findings show that among 90 studied universities, 22 universities are in Tehran, and 62 universities are in other cities. 66.7% of universities have a direct link, and 15% have an indirect one at university homepage. 41% of them have a kind of virtual reference desk and 55% don’t have a link for it. 77% of virtual reference desks use a web form that most of them have limited items.
Only 11 websites have a written policy, FAQ questions, and so on. Findings also show that only 2 virtual reference desks were active and answered the research questions.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the marketing initiatives taken by special libraries to promote collection and services to their clientele. It specifically aims to examine special library web sites for marketing approach, promotional and public relations activities.
This study is a content analysis. A total of 26 special library websites focus areas of the Humanities in Tehran were examined based on pre-determined criteria developed from the extant literature and initial websites investigation.
Findings: Research findings indicate that the websites of special libraries in the total 47.40 percent in the personalization indicator, 15.4 percent in distribution index, 33.32 percent in the promoted, 30.21 percent of the product and comment index and the 24.32 percent the price index have used the marketing tools.
Special libraries are lacking in their promotional activities. Library websites are not fully utilized as a marketing tool and an enabler to reach out to the community for promotion of services and collections.