مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال نوزدهم شماره 213 (هفته چهارم مهر 1395)

Menopause is associated with physiological, mental and social changes such as depression, weight gain and appetite disturbances. AGRP is a neuropeptide released from Arcuate Neucleus of hypothalamus which plays an important role in energy balance, weight control and feeding. This study was performed with aim to investigate the effects of 8-weeks combined training (strength and endurance) on agouti – related protein (AGRP), GH and changes in appetite and body mass in postmenopausal women.
This clinical trial study was performed on 40 Postmenopausal women who were retired from Growth and Education referred to Shahrekork Ghahremani Center in 2014. They were randomly placed into four groups, strength endurance (S), endurance strength (E), circulation concurrent (CI) and control groups. Training program was done eight week, 3 times per week. Endurance training was performed on a cycle ergometer and strength training involved several upper and lower body workout. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and dependent-t test and ANOVA. P After 8 weeks of combined training, there was significant difference between four groups in terms of body mass (P=0.017) and BMI (P=0.023). But, no significant difference was observed between four groups in AGRP (P=0.07) and GH (P=0.35). Despite the increase in feeling of fullness in the group S E (P Combined exercise training with every order could lead to improved body composition. But training with different combination during 8 weeks cannot significantly change appetite, GH and AGRP levels in elderly people; so, longer training period is suggested.

Mothers face many concerns during pregnancy and recognition of the concern reasons can help to find the strategies to reduce the concerns during pregnancy. Therefore, this qualitative study was performed with aim to explain the Iranian women's experiences of concerns during pregnancy.
In this qualitative study which was performed by content analysis approach, 20 pregnant women and 3 experienced midwifes and 3 fathers were selected by purposive sampling of Gorgan’s health center and semi-structural interview was performed. To reach maximum diversity in the participants, the sampling was selected from different ethnic groups and socioeconomic status. Interviews were performed during one year (2014-2015). All interviews were hand-written and were analyzed by content analysis of Graneheim & Lundman method (2004) and using the MAXQDA software.
Data analysis led to 849 open codes which were placed in four categories: concerns: concern about the health of the fetus, disturbing the normal passage of birth, inability in acceptance of parental roles and marital-threatening. Majority of mothers worried about fetal health.
The main concern of mothers during pregnancy is concern about fetal health; even the choice of cesarean delivery is due to fetal protection from trauma during childbirth.

Impressive prevalence of cervical cancer around the world, particularly in developing countries and among 25 to 35 years old women, caused a motivation to assess the effect of cervical cancer on women's quality of life. Since an important aspect of women’s quality of life is their sexual function, therefore, this study was performed with aim to evaluate the effect of cervical cancer on women’s sexual function in different studies.
This review article was performed with searching in databases of SID, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar using the keywords of “cervical cancer”, “sexual problems” and “outcomes”. Time duration of article's selection was 2000 to 2015. Finally, 18 studies were analyzed.
In the most studies, the tool for measuring sexual outcomes was no valid and potential confounders were not considered. However, the results of most studies showed decreased quality of sexual life for most women with cervical cancer. Most of women due to physical or psychological injuries caused by cervical cancer or complications of medical treatments, such as hysterectomy or radiotherapy, suffer from sexual problems such as vaginal dryness, dyspareunia and decreased sexual desire.
The results demonstrate undesirable effects of cervical cancer on women's sexual outcomes. For increasing the accuracy of the results, it is recommended that future studies consider the potential positive or negative effects on sexual outcomes. Cervical cancer damages to the quality of sexual life of women with cervical cancer, but type and time of this damage are still unclear and further studies are recommended in this field.